(完整)直接引语变间接引语(超级经典归纳),推荐文档

1、直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）.直接引语和间接引语的定义。直接引语：直接引用别人的话叫直接引语，间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。直接引语前后加引号；间接引语不必加引号。He said, I m a student.直接引语 ）He said that he was a student.（间接引语）主句从句主句从句.当直接引语为特殊疑问句变间接引语形成宾语从句时，首先要注意用特殊疑问词，其后用陈述语序的句子，同时注意人称、时态、时间状语，连接词，语序 的变化.（一）人称的变化规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。一随主引号内的第一人 称变间引后与主 句主语的人称保持一致He says

2、,” like math very much .THe saysthat he likes math very much .二随宾引号内的第二人称变间引后与 主句宾语的人称保持一致He said to Lily, “ you must get up early ”THe told Lily that she must get up early三不用变引号内的第三人 称在变间引后去 人称不变She said to me , “ They want to help him ”TShe told me that they wan ted help him（二）.时态变化宾语从句时态变化规则：主现从不

3、限：主过从四过 （即 4 种过去的时态：一般过去时：过去进行时：过去将来时：过去完成时）；客观真理，只用一般现在时。1. 主句一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。2.主句过去时，从句用相应的过去时态。即一般现在时改成 一般过去时；现在进行时改成过去进行时；一般将来时改成过去将来时；一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时改成过去完 _3. 主句过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。Teacher told us: The moon moves round the earth.Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth.主句的时态从句的时态例句一般现在时

4、He says所需的任何时态He says,he likes math very much .THe says that he likesmath very much一般过去时He said直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时He said, heis a student.THe said that he was a student现在进行时过去进行时He said,“he is reading.THe said that he was reading一般将来时过去将来时He said,“he will go homeTHe said that he would go home一般过去时过去完

5、成时He said, “he went homeTHe said that he had gone home现在完成时过去完成时He said, “he has gone homeTHe said that he had gone home过去完成时过去完成时He said, “he had gone homeTHe said that he had gone home（三）时间状语变化直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthatthesethosenowthe ntodaythat dayto ni ghtthat ni ghtthis weekthat week时间状语yesterdaythe

6、 day beforelast weekthe week beforethree days agothree days beforetomorrowthe next day/ the following dayn ext weekthe n ext week/ the follow ing week地点状语herethere动词comegobringtake（四）连接词1 从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that 或将 that 省略，直接与主句相连。2 .从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if 或 whether。3.从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how

7、等的疑问代、副词作连接词。注意：当 who 为主语时，句式为： who+谓语+其他直接引语连接词例句注意事项陈述句that（常省略）He said to me,“ you can help her.THe said to me (that) I could help her.1. 连接词：that2.引述动词 said, said to sbtold sb,等一般疑问句if / whether .“是否”He asked her; “ Do you love me?”THe asked her whether she loved him.1.改为陈述语序”。2.引述动词 asked3.去掉 D

8、o, Does, Did改变 Are, Is, Will, Can 位置特殊疑问句特殊疑问词：what, who,why,how,which,whe nHe asked his wife,“ How are you?THe asked his wife how she was.He asked me, “ What color do you like?THe asked me what color I liked.”.改为陈述语序”2.去掉 Do, Does, Did改变Are, Is, Will, Can 位置祈使句冃定ask (tell) sb. to dosthHe shouted,“

9、Lily, Close the door.THe told Lily to close the door.1. 不用连接词2. 不改变时态。”3.无须考虑语序否疋ask (tell) sb. notto do sth.He said to me,“ Don t be late.THe asked me not to be late. 3.宾语从句语序：陈语述序，即：连接词+主语+谓语+其它。或连接词（此时连接词充当主语）+谓语+其它。陈述语序中：be 动词、助动词、情态动词不能提到主语前。_例：1）can you tell me where is the hospital错）canyou te

10、ll me where the hospital is.对）2）I donknow whether does he speak Chinese错）I donk now whether he speaks Chin ese对）3）I am not sure what can he do错）I am not sure what he can do对）中考考点：时态、语序、连接词练习题一、填空，每空一词：1.“I am having supper,”. he saidHe said that_ hav ing supper.2.“Ive seen the film,”Gina said to me.

11、Gi na_ me that she_the film.3.“I went home with my sister,”she said.She said that_home with her sister.4. The teacher said,“The sun is bigger tha n the moon.”The teacher said that the sun_ bigger tha n the moon.5.“I met her yesterday,”he said to me.He told me that he_met her the day_.6.“You must com

12、e here before five,”he said.He said that I_ to go_before five.7.“I bought the computer two weeks ago,”she said.She said that she_ bought the computer two weeks_8.“Did you read the book last week?”he said.He_ I had read the book the week_ .9. He said,“You can sit here, Jim.”He_Jim that he_ sit there1

13、0. He asked,“How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother_found it.11.“Where have you been these days?”he asked.注意：1.语序不变的有：What the matter with you?但 What sthe trouble with you? 的语序要变:-1）从句中有 or/ or not。例：连用。例：2.只用 whether .：2）与不定式 to doI 3）在介词后。例：用法是有区别的，但当if/whetherWhat wrong with you?she ask

14、s whether he stayed。I can decide whether to tell him the n ewsthey are talk ing about whether they can afford the new house同时出现在选项中的时候，我们要选whetherHe asked me_ bee n_ days.12“Do you know where she lives?”he asked.He asked_knew where she_.13.“Keep quiet, children. ” he said.He_ the childre n_ quiet.14

15、.“Don t look out of tlwindow,”she said.She told me_ out of the wi ndow.15.“Are you interested in this?”he said.He_I was in terested in_ .二、选择：1. Our teacher asked us_ our dict ion aries to school.A. bringB. broughtC. bringD. to bring2. The teacher told the boy stude nts_ football on the grass.A. not

16、 play B. not to play C. played D. play ing3. _ Tom didn t go to school?A. Do you know how B. Why do you knowC. How you know why D. Do you know why4. She looks sad. Could you please tell me_ that preve nts her from being as happy as before?A. what it is B. it is what C. how it is D. it is how5. Betty

17、 asked her sister_to the railway station to see her off.A. not to comeB. not to go C. to not comeD. to not go6. The pupil asked his teacher_round the earth.A. weather the moon goes B. that the moon wentC. whether the moon goes D. whether the moon went7. Mr. Li_Wang Li ng_a taxi to the airport.A. ask

18、ed; take B. asked; tak ingC. told; take D. told; to take8. She asked him_.A. whose dictio nary this isB. whose dictio nary that wasC. whose dictio nary is thisD. whose dictio nary that is9. Marys mother asked her_ .A. that whether she had fini shed her homeworkB. if she has fini shed her homeworkC.

19、if she had fini shed her homeworkD. that if she had fini shed her homework10. Do you know_ ?A. whe n did he beg in B. whe n he bega nC. he whe n bega n D. whe n he beg ins12. He asked me .A. how would the weather be like tomorrowB. what the weather would be like the n ext dayC. how the weather would

20、 be like tomorrowD. what would the weather be like the n ext dayA. what is he doingC. what he is doing11. I don t knowB. what he doingD. what does he do now_ to lear n En glish.13. You can t imagine_ when theyhreddhese nice Spring Festival presents.A. how excited they wereB. how excited were theyC.

21、how they were excitedD. they were how excited14. She told me that she_by her relatives at the bus stop.A. had bee n see n off B. have see n offC. have been seen off D. had seen off15. Do you remember how many times_ to Australia?A. had you bee n B. did you go C. have you bee n D. you have bee n16. C

22、an you guess_ ?A. what is that man B. who that man isC. whom that man is D. who is that man17. More and more stude nts and teachers have bega n to know_ .A. how importa nt the foreig n Ian guage areB. how the foreig n Ian guage is importa ntC. how importa nt the foreig n Ian guage isD. how importa n

23、t is the foreig n Ian guage18. The hostess said that it_time that they_ supper.A. was; had B. was; had had C. is; have D. is; have had19. The boss asked his secretary_ he had fini shed typ ing the report_.C. whether; or not D. whether; notB. did he spe nd on his carD. he spe nt in his car答案一、填空1. he

24、, was。在直接引 语变为间接引语时，代词 I 要变为 he;主句为过去时态，宾语从句通常要 将时态往后推 一个，即现在进行时 am having 变为过去进行时 was having。2. told, had, seen。直接引 语中的 said to sb 在变为间接引 语时应改为 told sb；现在完成时 have seen 改为过去 完成 时had seerb3. she, had, gone。直接引 语变为间接引语时，人称代词 I 应变为 she; 一般过去时 we nt 改为过去完成 时 had gone。4. is。直接引语变为间接引语时，若直接引 语为客观真理，则变为间接引

25、语时时态不变。5. had, before。直接引 语是一般过去时 met,变为间 接引语时应改为过去完成时 had met;时间状语 yesterday 应改为 theday before6. had, there。 如直接引 语中的谓语动词 含有情态动词 must,变为间接引语时用 had to;地点状语 here 相应 地改为 thereo7. had, before。 直接引 语是一般过去时 bought,变为间 接引语时应 改为过去完成时 had bought;时间状语 two weeks ago应改为 two weeks before。8. asked, if (whether), beforeo当直接引 语是一般疑 问句，变为间接引语时 said 应改为 asked,然后加上 连接 词 if 或whe