(完整)高中英语状语从句学案(2)

1、高考英语语法学案 2013/7/26 1 专题四一一状语从句 英语中的状语从句用来修饰谓语或者整个主句按照功能可以分为： 时间状从，地点状从，原因状从，结果状从，条件状从, 目的状从，让步状从，方式状从，比较状从。 1、时间状语从句 (1) when、while、 as 用法一览表。 类别 作 用 例 句 when (at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一 点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句 与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先 后发生。 It was raining when we arrived.（指时间点） When we were at scho

2、ol, we went to the library every day.（在一段时间内） 注意：when 表“突然” while while意思是“当的时候”或“在某一段 时间里。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的 动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动 词一般要用延续性动词。在 when 表示 a period of time时，两者可以互换。 Please don t talk so loud while others are working. He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.（用 as 或 whe

3、n 不可，这里的 while意思是 趁. . ） as as 表 当 . 的时候 和 when/ while通用， 但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时 或几乎同时发生。还表示“一边一边”“随 着” She came up as I was cooking.（同时） The runners started as the gun went off.（几乎同时） （2）引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有： as soon as， directly, immediately, the moment, the minute 一 . 就 As soon as I have finished it ,

4、 I ll give yu a call. He made for the door directly he heard the knock. hardly / scarcely when, no sooner than, 表示“一就” We had hardly got / Hardly had we got into the country when it began to rain. No sooner had he arrived / He had no sooner arrived than she started complaining. till, not -until ，unt

5、il, before, since before 用法 notun til 强调，倒桩 since 用法 Don t get off the bus until it has stopped. Not until years later could I realize the value of that kind of giving. 高考英语语法学案 2013/7/26 2 He waited for his father until（till）it was twelve o it wasnoilacikil years later that I could realize the valu

6、e of that kind of giving She has been ill 谓语非延续， It is/ has been + 一段时间+since从句非延续，自。以来，已经有。年。 区分：It is two years since he began to smoke. It is two years since he smoked 肯定句：一段时间，距离+before 过了多久才？ It will be five years before he returns from England. Before :1 禾口 we waited along ime ,before he came

7、out. .否定句一段时间、距离 + before 过不了多久就 It won be five years before he returns from England. 还没有，还没来得及 ，免得 he died before he wrote a wil l.I must write it down before I forget,. each time, every time, by the time Each time he came to my city, he would call on me. 注意： 表示未来情况，主句用将来时，从句用现在时。 2、 地点状语从句： where,

8、 wherever Make a mark wherever you have any questions. We will go where the Party directs us. 3、 原因状语从句： because, as, since=now that （1） 表示不知道的原因时用 because即说话人认为听话人不知道，因此 because从句是重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。 You want to know why I m leaving? I m leaving because I m full. for 虽然表示不知道的原因，但其语气较 because要弱得多，是可说可

9、不说的话，它只能置于主句之后，这时， for 是并列连词。 如：It s morning now, for the birds are singing.（很显然，鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上”的原因。） （2） 表示已经知道的原因时用 as 或 since，即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重 要的部分。since要比 as 正式一些，它们通常被置于语句之前。 Seeing all of the children already seated, he said, “ Since everyone is here, let ” s start. Nowthat/

10、Since no one is against art, lets carry out the plan. 4、 条件状语从句： if, unless, so （as） long as, on condition that. in case, once 一旦 注意 if 与 unless 的区另 U In case anything important happens ，please call me up. My parents dont mind what job I do as long as I am happy. 高考英语语法学案 2013/7/26 3 You can go swim

11、ming on condition that you dont get too far from the river bank. _ you start eati ng in a healthier way, weight con trol will become much easier. A. unl ess B. Although C. Before D. Once 5、 结果状语从句： so that, so that, such that 注意：so +形容词/副词+ that 从句；such + 名词+ that 从句。 6、 目的状语从句： so that, in order th

12、at, for fear that in case 注意：目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句。不可置于句首。 He studied hard so that he might succeed. Come early In order that you may see him. I dare not go out for fear that he might see me. 7、 让步状语从句 (1) although 与 though 可以引导让步状语从句，不能与 but 连用。 Although they are poor, they are warm-heart

13、ed. (2) even if 或 even though 引导让步状语从句，表示“即使，“纵然” I II get there even if(though)l have to sell my house to get enough money to go by air. (3) while 虽然 While he is very young, he knows a lot of knowledge . (4) whether or ; whether(.).or not Whether or not he agreed with Johns views, many of them thou

14、ght deeply. Whether we go to your place or stay here, we stei got to find something to eat. (5) no matter+who、what、where、how 等疑问词， =该疑问词 +ever 构成 whoever、whatever、wherever、however 等。 Don t trust him, no matter what / whatever he ss. Whoever breaks the law will be published. No matter how hard the wo

15、rk is, you d better try to do it well. (6) as 也可以引导让步状语从句。要用倒装。 Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot. Much as I like it, I won t buy. Try as he would, he couldn t lift the heavy box. 7、方式状语从句：as, as if(though) I ll do as I am told to. It looks as if it is going to rain. 高考英语语法学案 2013/7/26 4 9.比较状语从

16、句：than, as 注意：状语从句中从句的省略现象高考英语语法学案 2013/7/26 5 (1)连接词+过去分词 Don t speak until spoken to. Pressure can be increased when needed. Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use. (2)连词+现在分词 Look out while crossing the street. (3) 连词+形容词/其他 常见的有 if necessary、 if possible、when necessary, if any 等。 高考真题探究(

17、2006 2011 年) 时间状从 08 辽宁I used to love that film _I was a child, but I don t feel it that way any more. 【2011 浙江卷 4】 One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away _ my daughter heard cries for help. A. after B. while C. since D. when 06 湖南I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busil

18、y drying myself with a towel _ I heard the steps. A. while B.when C.since D.after 07 江西 He was told that it would be at least three more months _ he could recover and return to work. A. when B.before C.since D.that 07 安徽 The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long

19、 time _we meet them again. H10 陕西 John thinks it won t be long _ he is ready for his new job. A. when B. after C. before D. since 09 上海 You can t borrow books from the school library _ you get your student card. A. before B. if C. while D. as 06 四川-Why didnt you tell him about the meeting ? -He rush

20、ed out of the room _ I could say a word. A.once B.when C.since D.although A.after B.before C.since D.when A.before B.until C.when D.after 07 天津It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _ we A.until B.after C.since D.when 【2011 上海卷 36】If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won ve actuall

21、y had that lesson. t bother to see it, or I ll wait _ it comes out on DVD. A. whether B. after C. though D. until 高考英语语法学案 2013/7/26 6 H06 广东 “You can t have this football back_ you promise not to kick it at my cat again. the old man saicTfirmly.高考英语语法学案 2013/7/26 7 A.because B.since C.when D.until

22、It was _ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn t go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn t go As is reported, it is 100 years _ Qinghua University was founded. A. when B. before C. after |D. since 【2011 辽宁卷 29】He h

23、ad no sooner finished his speech _ the students started cheering. A. since B. as C. when D. than 原因状从08 北京Did you return Fred s call? I didn t need to ll see him tomorrow. A. though B. unless C. when |D. because 06 广东 Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, _ this was

24、a memory she especially treasured. A.as B.if C.when D.where 条件状从 07 上海 Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water they are not managed carefully. A.though B.before C.until D.if 08 全国 I 一 Have you got any idea for the summer ? I don t mind where we go _ there s sun, sea and beach. A.as if B.as

25、 long as C.now that D.in order that 09 陕西 My parents don t mind what job I do _ I am happy. A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though 08 天津 well have a picnic in the park this Sunday _ it rains or it s very cold. A.since B. if C. unless D. until 08 全国 U A small car is big enough for a

26、family of three _ you need more space for baggage. A.once B.because C.if flD.unless 06 江苏 _ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem （生态系统） to recover. A.Even if B.If only C.While .D.Once 让步状从【2011 全国卷 II 19 It was a nice meal, _ a little expensive. A. though B. whether C.

27、 as D. since 【2011 四川卷 4 Frank insisted that he was not asleep _ I had great difficulty in waking him up. A. whether B. although C. for D. so 高考英语语法学案 2013/7/26 8 A.It B. As C.Although D.Unless 【2011 天津卷 5 _ regular exercise is very important, it s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.

28、 高考英语语法学案 2013/7/26 9 H10 湖南 Tim is in good shape physically _ he doesn t get much exercise. A. if |B. even though C. unless D. as long as 07 浙江 Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _ they knew it to be valuable. A.as if B.now that C.even though D.so that 【2011 北京卷 29】 _ volleyball is her main focus , she s also great at basketball. A. Since B. Once C. Unless D. While 【2011 陕西卷 19】 _ all of them are strong candidates, only one