2022年2022年定语从句精讲以及五十题

1、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载定语从句【学问简介】名词或代词由一个从句来修饰,该从句即定语从句；定语从句一般后置,但as 引导的修饰全句的定语从句可以前置；引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、 which、 who、 whom、 whose、 as 等以及关系副词when、 where、why 等；关系代词或关系副词放在被修饰的名词或代词（又叫做先行词）和定语从句之间起联系作用,同时又作定语从句中的一个成份；【要点难点】1) that 和 which 的用法区分只用 that 的情形：先行词由最高级修饰时,如the best work that i can do ；先行词由

2、序数词修饰时,如the second book that i bought ；先行词由 the last、 the only、 the same、 the very 等修饰时；先行词为不定代词all、 anything、 everything、 little、 much、 nobody、 nothing等时,如 anything that he does; all that i can do now 等；先行词有 any、 no、 all 等限定词时,如all the words that i ve learned；先行词为词组,该词组既含人又含物时,如the city and the peo

3、ple that i visited ；只用 which 的情形：在非限定性定语从句中（定语从句前有逗号）；the house、 which we bought last month、 is very nice. 这幢房子很美丽,为我们上个月买的；（非限制性）介词后； beijing is the place where （ in which ） i was born.请看 that 和 which 的使用例句：.it s the best film that s ever been made on the subject of madness. 这为以精神病为题材而拍照的影片中最好的一段；.

4、shakespeare is the greatest poet that england has ever had. 莎士比亚为英国最宏大的诗人；（本句中先行词虽为人,但由于前面也有形容词最高级修饰,仍用that 较好）.take the first opportunity that offers.抓住第一个显现的机会；.he is the last person that one would suspect.人们最不行能怀疑他；.man is the only creature that is gifted with speech.只有人类具有语言的天赋；.a fool sees not

5、the same tree that a wise man sees.一个傻瓜看到的树和一个聪慧人看到的树不一样；.those were the very words that he said at the meeting.这些就为他在会上说的原话；.all that glitters is not gold.闪光的并不都为金子；.anything that you have to say had better be said in each other s presence. 有话最好当面说；.there s still much that is to be done.仍旧有很多事要做；.i

6、 have changed my mind. nothing that you say will change it.我已经转变了想法,无论你说什么也无法转变它；.nobody that was there could convince her of her mistake.这那儿没有一个人能使她明白她的错误；.every paper that you read gives the same story. 你看的每份报纸都报道同样的新闻；.i still can t forget the places and the people that i visited during last summ

7、er vacation.我仍旧难以忘怀去年暑假我见到的地方和人；2) 关系代词（ that、 which、 who、 whom等）和关系副词（when、 where 等）的用法区分精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载关系代词在定语从句作主语.宾语或表语,而关系副词在定语从句中作状语；分析时主要从动词的及物性或有无介词来考虑；看如下对比例句：this is the factory where my father once worked.这为我父亲曾工作过的工厂；（worked 为不及物动词,不接宾语,所以不用which/that ；where 相当于 in the fa

8、ctory ）this is the factory which/that my father once worked in.（worked in 的宾语为factory ,故用关系代词 which/that ）i will never forget the days which/that i spent in the wood near our village.我忘不了我在我村边小树林里度过的日子；（the days 为 spent 的宾语）i will never forget the days when i spent my holidays with my grandparents.我

9、忘不了我和我的祖父母一起度假的日子；（ spent 的宾语为holidays ,不为 the days）i will never forget the small village where i spent my holidays.我忘不了我度假的小村庄；（与上句一样, spent 的宾语为 my holidays ）is this the school which/thatyou visited the other day. 这为你几天前参观过的学校吗？（the school 作 visited 的宾语）is this the school where you visited your te

10、acher the other day.这为你几天前拜望你老师的学校吗？（ visited 在定语从句中有自己的宾语your teacher,所以不用that/which ）3) those who 和 he who 句型两个常用句型；he who 常用于谚语中；请看例句：.he who doesn t reach the great wall is not a true man.不到长城非英雄；.god helps those who help themselves. 上帝帮忙自强的人；.he who insists on seeing with perfect clearness befo

11、re he decides never decides.坚持一切看清晰之后才做打算的人永久也做不了打算；.he was a bold man who first ate an oyster.第一个吃牡蛎的人为英勇的人；4) whose 的用法whose 为关系限定词, 既可以指人也可以指物,即既可以说 “某人的” ,也可以说 “某物的”；.fortune never helps the man whose courage fails.运气永久不会帮忙丢失士气的人；.that's the man whose house has burned down. 那就为那位房屋烧毁的人；.have

12、 you noticed the house whose windows are closed now.你留意到了那家窗户关着的房子吗？.hes written a book whose name i have completely forgotten.他写了一本书, 书名我完全遗忘了；.above the trees are the mountains、 whose magnificence the river faithfullyreflects on thesurface. 在树林的高处为山,其壮美的景色完全映射在河面上；注：在正式文体中,指物时,whose 往往用 of which 表

13、示； of which 可放在被修饰的名词之 前或之后,而whose 只能放在被修饰的名词之前；例如：the house whose windows/of which the windows/the windows of which are broken is unoccupied. （ 那间窗户破了的房屋没人居住；）whose 前有时有介词；.the teacher in whose class my daughter is studying is a kindhearted man.我女儿所在的那位老师心地和善；.michelcroz、 withwhose help、 woolworthc

14、limbed to the mountain top、 was one of the prefessional guides. 米歇尔 .克罗兹为职业向导之一,在他的帮忙下伍德沃斯攀登到了山顶；.then we had a chance to talk with that tall man、 from whose accent we at once knew that he came from hunan province.后来我们有机会和那个高个子说话,我们从他的腔调快速知道他精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载为个湖南人；5) 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区

15、分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区分：限制性定语从句为先行词（即被修饰词） 不行缺少的定语, 限制性定语从句前不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句只为对先行词的附加说明, 假如去掉, 先行词所述对象仍很清晰,非限制性定语从句前常用逗号隔开；这里有两个例句及分析：those who want to go camping please tell the monitor.想去野营的人请告知班长；（定语从句 who want to go camping 在句中不行少,否就先行词those 不知道指谁,也就变得无意义,因 此它为限制性定语从句；）football、 which is a very inte

16、resting game、 is played all over the world. 足球风靡全世界, 它为一项很好玩的运动； （定语从句 which is a very interesting game 只为对意义已很明确的 football 作一个补充说明,因此它为非限制性定语从句； ）留意,非限制性定语从句可以用关系代词which、 who、 whom、 whose、 as及介词 +which/whom等引导,也可以用关系副词when、 where 引导,但不能用that 引导；另外,非限制性定语从 句中的关系代词或关系副词为不能省略的；6) whom 的用法只有作定语从句中的宾语时才

17、能用whom ；介词后用whom 不用 who ；口语中 whom 前无介词时可用that 或 who 代替；.my brother、 whom you met the other day、 has gone abroad.前几天你遇见过的我的那个兄弟,出国去了；.i have a few friends whom i could ring to see if they are free.我有几个伴侣, 我可以打电话去联系,看看他们为不为有时间；.you have many people around you who are kind to you but whom you will soon

18、 forget.你四周有很多对你好的人,但你都会很快遗忘他们；.there came a lot of children、 most of whom i didnt know.来了很多孩子,大多数我都不熟悉；7) 介词 which/whom 引导的定语从句假如关系代词which/whom本身在定语从句中充当一个介词或介词短语的宾语的时候,有时可以将介词直接放在which/whom 的前面,这样就产生了“介词关系代词”及“名词或代词介词 which/whom ”或“复合介词which/whom ”等的结构；.i know the man to whom you talked just now.我

19、熟悉你刚才与之说话的那个人；.life is a flower of which love is honey.人生为花朵,爱情为花蜜；.he was educated at the local grammar school、 after which he went on to cambridge.当在当地的一所中学上学,此后就去上了剑桥高校；.its a family of five children、 all of whom are studying music.这一家有五个孩子,他们都在学音乐；.in the attic we found some apples、 none of whic

20、h was fit to eat.在阁楼里我们发觉了一些苹果,其中没有一个能吃的；.i have three brothers、 all of whom have gone abroad.我有三个兄弟,他们都出国了；.soon they spotted a mountain、 on top of which stood a temple.不久他们发觉了一座山,山顶上有一座庙宇；8) why 引导的定语从句关系副词why 用在 reason 之后,只引导限制性定语从句,why 在从句中作状语,表示缘由；.give me the reason why you should be intereste

21、d in his affairs.告知我你为什么竟对他的精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载事这样感爱好；.the reason why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat.她生病的缘由为她吃了变质的肉；.that is the reason why he raised the question. 这就为他所以提出问题的缘由；留意：有时 reason后不肯定为why 引导的定语从句； 如以下句子中, reason后接的为 which/that引导的定语从句,这为由于,reason 在定语从句中作主语或宾语；.is t

22、his the reason which/that the chairman gave at the meeting.这就为主席在会上所给的理由吗？.i really can t understand the reason that/which he explained.我实在无法懂得他所说明的理由；9) where 引导定语从句有时修饰一些具有抽象意义的表示地点的名词,如situation、point、position 等等；.if you are ever in a situation where someone starts shooting、 drop to the ground.假如

23、你遇到有人要射击的情形就摔倒在地上；.but after a few days stay they got to the point where they could read each other's thoughts.不过呆了几天之后,他们到了一个彼此能懂得相互想法的阶段；.it got to the point where i couldn't remember any of the reasons i loved him.到那时候,我无法记起我爱他的任何理由了；10) the way 后的定语从句the way 后的定语从句用in which 引导, in which

24、可以用 that 代替,而that 又可以省略；所以,表达“某人做某事的方法”有三种形式：1. the way in which somebody does something 2.the way that somebody does something 3. the way somebody does something.11) which 指代前面的句中的内容which 的这一用法只能以非限定性定语从句显现；.jenny was late for school a third time during the week、 which made her teacher very angry.詹

25、妮一周内第三次迟到了,这使得她老师很愤怒；.he left early、 which was wise.他早早地离开,那为很明智的；.he suddenly became wealthy、 which changed his whole mode of life.他突然变得富有了,这转变了他整个的生活方式；.he often helps me with my lessons、 which is kind of him.他常常在功课方面帮忙我,真为感谢他；12) which 作关系限定词的情形which 作为关系限定词时,其本身代替前面所陈述的内容；.she asked me to see th

26、e doctor、 which advice i took at once.她要我去看医生,我立刻接受了她的建议；.he is studying economics、 which knowledge is very important today.他正在攻读经济学,这门学问在今日为特别重要的；.he believes in students doing more homework、 which idea i am quite opposed to.他信任要让同学做更多的家庭作业,我特别反对这个观点；which 的这种用法常相伴介词而用；常见的词组形式有by which means、 durin

27、g which time、 in which case、 for which mistake、 for which reason等等；.she may have missed the train、 in which case =if this happens she won't arrive for anotherhour. 她或许没赶上火车,假如那样的话,她一小时为到不了的；.i called him by the wrong name、 for which mistake i apologize.我叫错了他的名字, 为此我精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下

28、载赔礼；.he didn t feel well that morning、 for which reason he didn t attend school. 那天早晨他感到不舒服,因此,他没去上学；.tom spent four years in college、 during which time he learned french.汤姆在高校上了四年学,在这段时间里,他学会了法语；13) as 用法关系代词as 引导定语从句有两种形式；（ 1） as 引导一个非限制性定语从句修饰一个分句,as 代表该分句所表达的整个概念或其中一部分的概念；as 定语从句可置于句首.句中或句 尾； as

29、 本身在从句中充当主语.宾语及表语；（ 2）用于 asas、 the sameas、 soas、 suchas 等结构中；as 用法的第一种情形：.as is known to all、 the earth moves around the sun.众所周知,地球环绕太阳旋转；.he must be an african、 as may be seen from the colour of his skin.他准为个非洲人,这可以从他的肤色看得出来；.if he comes late、 as is usual、 for another time、 we ll not receive him.假

30、如他再一次像以往那样迟到,我们就不接待他了；.she is a fine singer、 as her mother used to be. 她为个很杰出的唱歌家,像她的母亲当年一样；.as you will find out、 all is now settled.你会发觉,现在一切都解决了；.helen is somewhat crazy、 as everyone could see. 海伦有些神经错乱, 这种情形每个人都看得出；留意这一类的as 表面上看似乎和which 代替全句时的用法相像,但as 引导的定语从句的最大特点为它的意思多侧重于表达“（正）像. （正）如”及类似的意思；一般

31、说来, 当关系代词在从句中作be 动词的主语或一般动词的宾语时,which 和 as 可交替使用；当关系代词在从句中作一般动词（非be 动词）的主语时,只能用which ；as 可置于句首.句中,而 which 就不能；例如：.he was late for school、 as/which was usual with him.他上学迟到了,他常常这样；.he saw the girl、 as/which he had hoped he would.他见到了那位姑娘姑娘,正像他期望的那样；.he saw the girl、whichdelighted him.他见到了那位姑娘,这使得他很高兴

32、；（句中的which 不能用 as 代替,由于从句中的delighted 为非 be 动词）.as has been said before、 grammar is not a set of dead rules.正如上面所说的那样,语法不为一套死的规章； （句中的as 不能用 which 代替,由于此定语从句置于句首）as 用法的其次种情形：.there s as good fish in the sea as ever came out of it. 海里有的为鱼；天际到处有芳草；.here is so big a stone as no man can lift.这为一块没人能搬动的大石

33、头；.her manner and attitude toward him were quite the same as they had always been.她对他的举止和态度和平常为完全相同的；.he does not possess such a mind as is necessary to a scientist. 他缺乏科学家所必需具备的头脑；.such food as they gave us was scarcely fit to eat.他们给我们的食物很不适合吃；.a man such as he will surely succeed.像他这样的人为确定会胜利的；.i

34、 havent much money but you can use such as i have.我钱不多,可你能用我全部的钱；.such as you see is all we have. 你所见到的就为我们全部的东西；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载14) 介词 +whom/which + to do的类定语从句结构的不定式用法.this is a useful tool with which to cut steel.这为可以用来切割钢材的工具；.can you recommend someone from whom to learn how to us

35、e the software.你能举荐一个可以向他讨教使用这一软件的人吗？.it s not a room in which to live comfortably.这不为可以舒服居住的房间；这一结构的介词位置固定,不行移到动词之后,如第一句中的with which to cut steel不行改成 which to cut stell with ；15) 嵌入式定语从句有一种定语从句,在其从句中的主语和谓语之间有一个插入语如i think ；这一种定语从句叫做嵌入式定语从句； 嵌入的分句的谓语动词常常为think、 believe、 guess、 imagine、 say、 suppose、

36、 be sure、 doubt 等等；.she offered a suggestion which she said would interest you.她提出一个她说肯定会引起你爱好的建议；.he wrote letters to every person and organization that he believed might be able to help.他写信给每个人和每个组织,他信任可能有帮忙；.that is the engineer who i think is the right man chosen for the job.那位就为我认为适合被选派做这项工作的工程

37、师；定语从句1.the place interested me most was the children's palace.a. whichb. wherec. whatd. in which 2.do you know the man .a. whom i spokeb. to who spokec. i spoke tod. that i spoke 3.this is the hotel last month.a. which they stayedb. at that they stayedc. where they stayed atd. where they stayed

38、4.do you know the year the chinese communist party was founded.a. whichb. thatc. whend. on which 5.that is the day i'll never forget.a. whichb. on whichc. in whichd. when6. the factory we'll visit next week is not far from here.a. whereb. to whichc. whichd. in which7. great changes have take

39、n place since then in the factory we are working.a. whereb. thatc. whichd. there 8.this is one of the best films .a. that have been shown this yearb. that have shownc. that has been shown this yeard. that you talked 9.can you lend me the book the other day.a. about which you talkedb. which you talke

40、dc. about that you talkedd. that you talked 10.the pen he is writing is mine.a. with whichb. in whichc. on whichd. by which11. they arrived at a farmhouse、 in front of sat a small boy.a. whom b. who c. which d. that12. the engineer my father works is about 50 years old.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下

41、载a. to whomb. on whomc. with whichd. with whom 13.it there anyone in your class family is in the country.a. whob. who'sc. whichd. whose 14.i'm interested in you have said.a. all thatb. all whatc. thatd. which15.i want to use the same dictionary was used yesterday.a. whichb. whoc. whatd. as 1

42、6.he isn't such a man he used to be.a. whob. whomc. thatd. as 17.he is good at english、 we all know.a. thatb. asc. whomd. what18. li ming、 to the concert enjoyed it very much.a. i went withb. with whom i wentc. with who i wentd.i went with him19.i don't like as you read.a. the novelsb. the s

43、uch novelsc. such novelsd. same novels 20.he talked a lot about things and persons they remembered in the school.a. whichb. thatc. whomd. what 21.the letter is from my sister、 is working in beijing.a. whichb. thatc. whomd. who22. in our factory there are 2、000 workers、 two thirds of are women.a. the

44、mb. whichc. whomd. who 23.you're the only person i've ever met could do it.a. who;/b./; whomc. whom;/d./; who24.i lost a book、 i can't remember now.a. whose titleb. its titlec. the title of itd. the title of that25. last summer we visited the west lake、 hangzhou is famous in the world.a.

45、 for whichb. for thatc. in whichd. what26.i have bought such a watch was advertised on t. va. thatb. whichc. asd. it27.i can never forget the day we worked together and the day we spent together.a. when; whichb. which; whenc. what; thatd. on which; when 28.the way he looks at problems is wrong.a. wh

46、ichb. whosec. whatd./ 29.this is the reason he didn't come to the meeting.a. in whichb. with whichc. thatd. for which 30.this machine、 for many years、 is still working perfectly.a. after which i have lookedb. which i have looked afterc. that i have looked afterd. i have looked after 31.the reaso

47、n he didn't come was he was ill.a. why; thatb.that;whyc. for that;thatd.for which;what32. he is working hard、 will make him pass the final exam. a.thatb.whichc.for whichd. who33. that is not the way i do it.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载a./b.whichc.for whichd.with which34.i have two grammars、 a

48、re of great use.a. all of whichb. either of whichc. both of thatd. both of which35.i want to use the same tools used in your factory a few days ago.a. as wasb. which wasc. as wered. which36. my neighbours used to give me a hand in time of trouble、 was very kind of them.a. whob. whichc. thatd. it 37.

49、this is the magazine i copied the paragraph.a. thatb. whichc. from thatd. from which 38.he is not such a man would leave his work half done.a. thatb. whichc. whod. as39. you can depend on whatever promise he makes.a. /b. whyc. whend. whose40. smoking、 is a bad habit、 is、 however、 popular.a. thatb. w

50、hichc. itd. though41. -didyou ask the guardhappened.-yes、 he toldme all he knew.a. what; thatb. what; whatc. which; whichd. that; that42. i shall never forget those years i lived on the farm with the farmers、 has a great effect on my life.a. when; whob. that; whichc. which; thatd. when; which43. the

51、 number of the people who cars increasing.a. owns; areb. owns; isc. own; isd. own; are44. during the days 、 he worked as a servant at the browns.a. followedb. followingc. to followd. that followed45. is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn.a. thatb. /c. whichd. it46. the clever boy made a hole in the

52、 wall、 he could see was going on inside house.a. which; whatb. through which; whatc. through that; whatd. what; that47. is some german friends visited last week.a. this schoolb. this the schoolc. this school oned. this school where48. john got beaten in the game、 had been expected.a. asb. thatc. wha

53、td. who49. i have bought two ballpens、 writes well.a. none of themb. neither of themc. neither of whichd. none of which50. all that can be eaten eaten up.a. are beingb. has beenc. had beend. have been参考答案参考答案及解析1. a. which 用作关系代词,在定语从句中作主语；2c. " 和谁讲话 ”要说 speak to sb. 此题全句应为do you know the man w

54、hom i spoke to. ；whom精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载为关系代词,作介词to 的宾语,可以省略；3. d. where 为关系副词,表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语；4. c. when 为关系副词,表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语；5 a. which为关系代词,在从句中作forget 的宾语；其他几个答案都不能作宾语；6 c.解析同第5 题；7. a.解析见第3 题；8. a.本句话的先行词应当为films、 因此, 关系代词that 为负数概念, 其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown；假如句中的one 前面使用了定冠

55、词the,就 the one 应当视为先行词；9. a.谈“到某事物 ”应说 talk about sth. ；about 为介词,其后要用which 作宾语,不能用that；10. a. with which为" 介词 +关系代词 " 结构 、常用来引导定语从句.with 有" 用"的意思 、介词之后只能用 which、 不能用 that. with which在定语从句中作状语、即 he is writing with a pen.11. c. in front of which即 in front of a farmhouse. in front of which在从句中作状语.12. d. with whom 引导定语从句.with whom 放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer.13. d. whose 引导定语从句 、在从句中作主语family 的定语 .14. a. that 引导定语从句、由于先行词为all、 所以只能选用that 引导 .15. d.the same.as 为固定用法 、 as 引导定语从句时