北京大学2007年博士研究生入学考试英语试题附绝对权威答案

1、北京大学2007年博士研究生入学考试试题考试科目：英语考试时间：2006年3月17日招生专业：全校各专业研究方向：各研究方向Part One: Listening ComprehensionThere are 3 secti ons in this part.In sections A and B you will hear everything ONCE ONLY . Listen carefully and then choose the correct answer for each question. Mark your choices on your ANSWER SHEET .Se

2、ction A: Conversations （ 5%）Directions: In this sect ion you will hear several con versati ons. Liste n to the con versatio ns carefully and the n an swer the questi ons that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds

3、 to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.1. What did Steve origi nally plan to do?A To do some work around thehouse.B To stay at home.C To see a new film.D To do some study.2. Maggie fin ally decided to go to see a film because.A the cinema was nearbyB the weather wasn 'ideal for

4、 a walkC it would be easier to go toacinemaD Steve hadn 'tseen the film yet3. Where did they plan to meet?A Outside the Tow n Hall.B Near the bank.C In Steve 'place.D At the cinema.Questions 4 to 6 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15

5、seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.4. The following details are true about the new device EXCEPT B it has a moving imageD it is not on the marketB He wasn 'sure about its quality.D He thought it was expe nsive.A it has colorC it costs less money5. Why didn 'Bill

6、want one of them?A He wan ted to buy one from Japa n.C He thought it was for bus in ess use.6. Which of the followi ng stateme nts is INCORRECT about the woma n?A She had n ever read the magaz ine herself.B She knew who usually read the magaz ine.C She was quite interested in the new device.D She ag

7、reed with Bill at the end of the con versatio n.Questions 7 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now， listen to the conversation.7. What was the main focus of the survey?A Leisure sporting activities.B Av

8、erage age of athletes.C Durability of sporting equipment. D Types of sports.8. Which sport was cited as the most popular?A Tennis.B Cycling. C Jogging. D Skiing.9. What is NOT among Jane's marketing strategies?A Targeting the 18 to 26 age group.B Selling tennis rackets.C Selling more athletic sh

9、oes.D Working out a more appealing slogan.10. Why does Sam want to target the 46-55 age group?A They have more buying power.B They are very health-conscious.C They tend to enjoy sports more.D They have more time for sporting activities.Section B: Talks (5%)Directions: In this section, you will hear

10、several talks. Listen to the talks carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following talk. At the end of the talk, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the talk.11. In the old days dogs were used for the following purpose

11、s EXCEPT .A hunting other animalsB driving sheepC guarding chickensD keeping thieves away12. Which of the following is CORRECT?A Dogs are now treated as part of a family.B Dogs still perform all the duties they used to do.C People now keep dogs for the same reasons as before.D Only old people are se

12、en walking their dogs.13. The talk is mainly about .A what dogs can doB how to keep dogsC dogs and their masters D reasons for keeping dogsQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the following talk. At the end of the talk, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the talk.14. Acc

13、ording to the talk, the working conditions in the new place are .A not yet clearB expected to be rather poorC just as adequateD the same as what the speaker is used to15. What is the speaker going to do in the new place?A Traveling.B Studying.C Settling down.D Teaching.16. The speaker expects .A few

14、er choices of foodB many ways to do washingC modern lighting facilities D new types of drinking water17. From the talk we can learn that the speaker is .A unprepared for the new postB unclear about the conditions thereC ready for all the difficulties thereD eager to know more about the postQuestions

15、 18 to 20 are based on the following talk. At the end of the talk, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the talk.18. According to the talk, when are children first expected to study hard?A Before 6 years of age.B Between 6 and 10.C After 10 years of age.D After 12 yea

16、rs of age.19. Parents who abuse their children tend to have the following problems EXCEPT .A religious problemsB emotional problemsC financial problems D marriage problems20. Which of the following statements is CORRECT ?A Boys and girls are equally energetic.B Parents have higher expectations for b

17、oys.C Some parents lack skills to deal with their kids.D Some parents are ill-educated and ill-tempered.Section C: Spot Dictation (10%)Directions: In this section you are going to hear a presentation about trends in the milk drink markets, given by the director of the Milk Market Board. As you liste

18、n, complete the following sentences by filling in the missing words. The presentation will be readTwice. There will be aOne-Minute interval between the first and the second reading. You will have another One Minute to check your work after the second reading. Put your answers on ANSWER SHEET (2) .C1

19、. The total market has from 280 million liters to 440 million liters.C2. The actual sector share of the four main milk products has .C3. The full milk sector has from 74% to just 42%.C4. The skimmed milk sector has from only 12% to 35%.C5. The long life sector has from 5% to 13%.C6. The milk drinks

20、have pretty , just increasing by 1%.C7. The full milk sector will decline more to around 40% and then fall a further 2%.C8. The skimmed milk sector should continue to rise to 40% and then around this figure.C9. We expect long life milk to continue rising so that this sector will a 20%.C10. We a fair

21、ly marked decline in the milk drink sector, and an fall to just 2%.(This is the end of listening comprehension.)Part Two: Structure and Written Expression (20%)Directions: For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marke

22、d. Mark your choices on the ANSWER SHEET.21 before we leave the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful time together.A Had they arrivedB Would they arriveC Were they arrivingD Were they to arrive22 last year and is now earning his living as an advertising agent.A He would leave schoolB He le

23、ft schoolC He had left schoolD He has left school23 Some people viewed the findings with caution, noting that a cause-and-effect relationship between passive smoking and cancer remained .A to be shownB to have been shownC to have shownD being shown24 that should be given priority to.A It is the comm

24、ittee has decidedB It is only the committee has decidedC It is what the committee has decidedD It is what has the committee decided25. The most interesting new cars may owe the simple wisdom of hiring a fewtalented people and allowing them to work.A less local free-spiritedness thanB less local free

25、-spiritedness than toC to less local free-spiritedness than toD less to local free-spiritedness than to26. Over the years, Jimmy Connors phenomenal displays of tennis and temper andat the U.S. Open last week, he exhibited both again.A has treated spectators withB has treated spectator forC has treat

26、ed spectatorsD has treated spectators to27. Summer holidays spent on the hot ghetto streets are the time middle-classstudents devote to camps, exotic vacations and highly organized sports.A as hardly culturally enriching asB as hardly enriching culture asC hardly as culturally enriching asD hardly a

27、s cultural enriching as28. The major obstacle to the reform in New Orleans, , is money.A as is it across the countryB as it is across the countryC as it were across the countryD as were it across the country29 Nearly all trees have seeds that fall to the earth, take root, and eventually .A generate

28、new seeds B new seeds generated C generates new seeds D new seeds are generated30. The well-maintained facility in San Francisco leagues in virtually every sport.A were home to B was the home of C was home to D was home of31. Students at these schools test far below the state average in reading, and

29、 their scores have improved only .A marginally B marvelously C martially D markably32. I was in some doubt as to whether the Corporal had us accidentally on his wayout of the town or if he'd been deliberately tasked.A crashed on B bumped into C fallen against D puzzled about33. In previous time,

30、 when fresh meat was in short , pigeons were kept by manyhouseholds as a source of food.A storage B reserve C supply D provision34. The hospital denies there is any connection between the disciplinary action and Dr. Reid 's about health problems.A allegiance B alliance C allegations D alliterati

31、on35. The organization issued a cry of alarm last week, citing evidenee II that thosechildren are not receiving the same quality of education as their richer peers.A comparing B completingC compelling D composing36. Since no one couldhis scribbli ng, the chief editor decided to replace him withano t

32、her colu mni st.A en codeB decipherC clearD ide ntify37. Many Fine Art graduates takeprofessional practice as artists, and this courseencourages them to consider their role as artists in the community by providing opportunities for short-term placeme nts outside the Faculty.A dow nB upC outD in38. T

33、he stateme nt said the people of Srebre nicato the preside nts of the Un ited Statesand France to help halt the offen sive.C acclaimed D appealedA arousedB ascribed39. The professor stopped for a drink and the nwith his lecture on the In dia n culture.A proceededB processedC preferredD prese nted40.

34、 Although thefalse banknotes fooledmany people, theydid notcloseexam in ati on.A put up withB keep up withC stand up toD look up toPart Three: Reading ComprehensionI. Directions: Each of the following three passages is followed by some questions. For each questio n four an swers are give n. Read the

35、 passages carefully and choose the best an swer to each question. Mark your choices on the ANSWER SHEET. (10%)Passage OneIn scienee the meaning of the word -explain II suffers with civilization ' every step in search of reality. Science cannot really expla in electricity, magn etism, and gravita

36、ti on; their effects can be measured and predicted, but of their nature no more is known to the modern scientist than to Thales who first speculated on the electrificati on of amber. Most con temporary physicists reject the notion that man can ever discover what these mysterious forces -eally II are

37、. Electricity, Bertrand Russell says, -is not a thing, like St. Paul 'Cathedral; it is a way in which things behave. When we have told how things behave whe n they are electrified, and un der what circumsta nces they are electrified, we have told all there is to tell. I Un til recen tly scie nti

38、sts would have disapproved of such an idea. Aristotle, for example, whose natural science dominated Western thought for two thousa nd years, believed that man could arrive at an un dersta nding of reality by reasoning from self-evident principles. He felt, for example, that it is a self-evident prin

39、ciple that everyth ing in the uni verse has its proper place, hence one can deduce that objects fall to the ground because that's where they bel ong, and smoke goes up because that'where it bel on gs. The goal of Aristotelian science was to explain why things happen. Modern science was born

40、when Galileo bega n tryi ng to explain how things happe n and thus orig in ated the method of con trolled experime nt which now forms the basis of scie ntific in vestigati on.41. Bertrand Russell 's notion about electricity is .A disapproved of by most modern scientistsB in agreement with Aristo

41、tle 's theory of self-evident principlesC in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward-how llthings happenD in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward-vhy llthings happen42. The passage says that until recently scientists disagreed with the idea that .A there are se

42、lf-evident principlesB there are mysterious forces in the universeC man cannot discover what forces -really l areD we can discover why things behave as they do43. The expression -speculated onl (line 4) means .A considered B suspected C expected D engaged in buying and sellingPassage TwoThe concept

43、of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choices based upon current medical knowledge. We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it restricted wh

44、en it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society. The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern our health. If we so desire, we can smoke, drink excessively, refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever foods we want, and live a comple

45、tely sedentary life-style without any exercise. The freedom to make such personal decisions is a fundamental aspect of our society, although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned. Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty. As one example, a teenager may know the facts re

46、lative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do.A multitude of factors, both inherited and environmental, influence the development of health-related behaviors, and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these

47、 factors as they may affect any given individual. However, the decision to adopt a particular health-related behavior is usually one of personal choice. There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices. In discussing the morals of personal choice, Fries and Crapo draw a comparison. They sug

48、gest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide. Thus, for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life, personal health choices should reflect those behaviors th

49、at are associated with a statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity.44. The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because .A it is essential to personal freedom in American societyB it helps raise the level of our medical knowledgeC personal health choices help c

50、ure most illnessesD wrong decisions could lead to poor health45. Sound pers onal health choice is ofte n difficult to make because.A curre nt medical kno wledge is still in sufficie ntB there are many factors in flue ncing our decisi onsC people are usually in flue need by the behavior of their frie

51、ndsD few people are willi ng to trade the quality of life for the qua ntity of life46. Accord ing to Fries and Crapo, sound health choice should be based on.A personal decisionsB society 'laws C friends'opinionsD statistical evideneePassage ThreeFor gatheri ng data about i ndividuals or grou

52、ps at differe nt developme ntal levels, researchers can use two related research desig ns: Ion gitudi nal and cross-sect ion al.A Ion gitudi nal study is one that measures a behavior or a characteristic of an in dividual over a period of time, perhaps decades. An example of such a study is the Berke

53、ley Growth Study begun in 1928 by Nancy Bayley. The study focused on a group of 74 white, middle-class newborns. As they grew older, extensive measures of their intellectual, personality, and motor developme nt were recorded. The subjects were studied for more tha n thirty years.The Ion gitudi nal r

54、esearch desig n is a powerful tech nique for seek ing un dersta ndings of the effects of early experie nces on later developme nt. Also, differe nces in or stability of behaviors or characteristics at differe nt ages can be determ in ed. Lon gitud inal studies, however, are expe nsive to con duct, t

55、ime-c onsuming, and heavily con ti ngent on the patie nee and persiste nee of the researchers. The findings of a Ion gitudi nal study may be jeopardized by relocati on of subjects to ano ther part of the country and by boredom or irritati on at repeated test ing. Ano ther disadva ntage is that socie

56、ty cha nges from one time to ano ther and the subjects participati ng in the study reflect to some degree such cha nges. The methods of study or the questi ons guidi ng the researchers may also cha nge from one time to ano ther. If properly con ducted, however, Ion gitudi nal studies can produce use

57、ful, direct in formati on about developme nt.A cross-sect ional study is one in which subjects of differi ng ages are selected and compared on a specific behavior or characteristic. They are alike with respect to socioec ono mic status, sex, or educational level. For example, a researcher may be interested in looking at changes in in tellige nee over