阅读策略培训对高中生英语阅读能力的影响

1、s首都师范大学硕士学位论文阅读策略培训对高屮生英语阅读能力的彩响姓名：王 新阳中请学位级别：硕士专业：学科教学（英语）指导教师：宋洁20060501摘 要阅读是现代社会人们认知的最基木方法，是人们获得信息的最重要手段。教育部 2 0 0 2年颁布的新课程标准要求，高中英语教学应把培养学生用英语获取和 处理信息的能力作为重点能力z,因此提高学生的阅读能力是高中英语教学的主 要目标z-o高效的阅读能力是需要培养和训练的，除了在英语阅读教学屮教授冇 关的阅读策略以外，教师还应该抽出宝贵的课堂时间进行有意识的策略训练。国外 大量的研究通过实验证明了进行策略训练可以提高学生的阅读理解能力（pres s

2、1 c y, 2 0 0 2 ）,但是国内对英语学习策略的研究主要集中在对策略的调查 和描述上，有关如何在高中口常阅读教学活动中渗透阅读策略的训练的实验性研究 是很少的。基于国内外相关研究的基础上并结合目前的教学现状，本文着重阐述了 对学牛进行策略培训的重要性和具体实施方案。经前测在阅读能力上基本无显著差 异的两个自然班作为测试对象。一个班为实验班，进行了五个月的阅读策略培训（木 实验注重总结策略和推断策略的培训），培训渗入到f1常教学活动中。另一个班为 控制班，采用传统教学模式授课。经过五个月的培训实验，结果表明在日常教学活 动屮接受系统策略培训的学生在阅读测试屮分数明显高于接受传统教学的学

3、生，这 证明了阅读策略培训能促进学牛阅读理解能力的提高，而口培训后学牛使用策略情 况和对阅读的态度也有所改变。论文第一章主要介绍了木研究的背景、意义和木篇 论文的框架结构。第二章讨论了英语阅读和学习策略领域的相关理论；对前人的研 究进行了回顾并提出了口己的研究方向。第三章描述了本试验的程序，包括试验对1so ne 0 fth emosti m p ortantobj e 咖 es o feng 1 is h tea ch i n gi n s en i o r hi 曲 s c h 0 01. 111t ca c h ing pr a c ti oo, t he棚 t h o r fb 吼 d

4、 mat m纽ys ti 1 d ent shad1 o w mo t i v a d 彻弛 d a n e g a t1veatt i t 11d etowa r d sr e a d i i 唱.11 lis resear c hi s艄ex pe r i i tn n t a 1study o f e f l ( e嘲曲勰af 0r c咖1an gi i a ge ) s t ra t e g y train 卩屯.lnles;t ii d y isde s咖d】m a i m yt o e x p 1 o f e the impact0 f str ateg)r i n st m c

5、t i oooo stlldents9rea d ii 1 g co m pr e h e戚0 n in s h e q i h 虫曲 school1nh cnan f' r0 vi n c e,i胁ugh the 蜘 jdy, the auth研a1 oo w ant st o se c w h甜上时咖d明ts，use 0 f r eadi n gs仃a te酉es锄da 仕 i t i1 d e towards read11坞c 0u 1 dbe change d .,1 vi o d a s s c s o f s e i 110r孕ad e one in s he q i h

6、i曲 school w e f e t a 1hn t a 14 s t 1e subo m e rc 1 a豁1 d e ne n 弱 t 她 d then g s t iidentscomp rehens i o n象和工具的选择，实验的设计和过程。第四章对实验数据进行了整理、分析和讨论。 笫五章总结了实验的结果和一些教学启示，对本研究的一些不足进行了分析并对这 一领域的进一步研究提出了一些建议。关键词：阅读 策略培训 高屮生ii ab 缸翟 c t i m p m v ij e d s , one 够 expe a s c o n t r o 1 c 1 ai m es . 5t s 0

7、 f theexperimentaltt1t5 m o n t h s 1 d e nt s o f e d t r a d i t s . b o t h o n t r o 1 b e o f ti t 1e1h1foren 1 et .,1 y zad1c 1 r a t e g y 仃 ai 1 1 i i h eo fc 1a io n a 1 h econte xf if tt st r o 1 das e a c h i n g e 曲 e n t a 11 e d out r trail t o o k t h es s recg w h i 1 stillr f如eass a

8、e i v e d a e 5 7 s t i r e c e i v monthn d the cs u b j e c1 1 1 e scores were e d b y spss the who r e c etstudentsi 1lgoutperfomedt i o n a 1 t e a c 瑁掠睿？ o n t e s t . ndoes f a comprehellsi te 垂 es more o v e attitude a brief i n t rproves m a i 1 “ a t e s t o n . a 1 s o , f t e n andst to w

9、ards e n o d u c t i o ns t i o 1 1 i 1 a 沁 s g.besides,an tq u1 ipretest 扌白 d p t a t i s t i c a 1 owed t a t e g y r e 喇 v e01htdu n s h d str e whos s t a n d a strategy ldentsrcadillg c t u d e n t s 1 1 s e s t r a 1 1 e y h a v e a p o s i t i 舀 ish r e a d i i 1 g .iiirdizedrcai n s t m c ti

10、s 西 ven i n c h e 卩 ter o.w h i ch indudesback 即 nd 姐 d si 弘if 晚 ncc o f e 咖 dy . chap ter咖。虢硝 some t h e o r i e s oo r e a d i comp r e h e 嬲 i d s t r a t e 贸 instmccion 锄d scllssessome p f e v i o u s 鹤earches. aha c r 3 mainly d e s c r i b oom e procedure oft study, alapter 4 a n a 1 y 2 螂 oom

11、 e data 丘 o mm e x p e 晶 m enti n d i n g s 锄 d areincludcde r also g v e s o m e suggest io 船 fr d s ： strategyi g h schoo g o t o m e p d印纠i m e n t a v e b e % s out t h e i h e s i satitl ide firs t of a i 1 g o professor songjie,who o lp, gllidmce, support and o v e r t h e months, providinge f

12、 h thhtt4 a n a 1 y 2 螂oom e anddiscuss 髓 the implications丘dm t hi n c h 印 t e r1 i m“ a %°璐 o f o r f u n hi n s t m c 曲 n r stl ldcnts m y o f e 豁。岱 o f me f capital norma d e d i c 曲 ed t o t e a g i 1 i d 姐 ce 齟 d i n s1 1 d oo t b e p o s s i b 1r e s u 1 t o s o m e ef e oo a r c6ai1d the

13、 chapthis stu dy a n de r s t i ldykcp 帕 c a d i n g senior h sin c e r e ii 1 a nl 【se n醴i1i oo r , d h e ents h e d u c a tion u n i v e r si i 1 g m c .1 工 d i o n s m y h e a ne s to my 甑r s时whow i t thef e 1advher 【ine noo 1 1 r a g e m const 柚 t aions tile treseafch m et h o d i n thethes i si

14、 s morescientific.锄 also pan i 咖 a r 1 y g r a t yang yang, who h a s k i i 1 s u g g e s tions o n m e s1 d 1 y 百 ven m e h e 1 p f uelec tion of m etopa n d w h o has 西 ven m econs t m ci v e c o mm ed v i oo a n d c 0 删嘶 t t i n g h e r s e 1 f toooevisingth i s thesis m 锄 y times. owillg t 0 her

15、 i n v a 1u a b 1 e 柚 d i 惦 ightflllsllggest h e s i s i s f u n h e r sp 础 ed 锄 d then t s o n the manuscript. panicularthanks should also b e made t o professor q i q i w h o spares time t o i °c a d m y thesis c a r e £ 1 1 lly 锄 d patiently and pmfessor hof fin 锄舶m louisi 锄astate unive

16、rsity,who has polish e d m yp aper . m ythan11ss h o u1da 1s 0g 0t0 my f ri endc a 0 xi n 1 o ngw ho s h0ws meh0 wto use st at1stics加d pr0 videsm(e rc fc r enc e book s .la s t bu t notleastim us texpress m yd eep黒多a t it u d eto th e teac he rsal1d stude nt :si n v o1 v e d1n m y r esea rc h .v cma

17、 p t e r1 inn1 d d uc a 0 ii11n e back gr ou n d0f t h e sn 1dyreadi n g isge n e rany ac 1mow1edgeda s0ne o ft hem0s ti m p <0ftant1 a ng1 1 a g es 1 1【iii s f b f髓也sn1 d蚀t s .rca di ng m ate r i a 1i sthe m a inoo u r (3 e of a umcn t ice n百1sh 企 put, which provides not only 1 a n g u a g e 1 n

18、 o w 1 e 电 e but also c u 1 t 1 1 r a 1 1 ii 1 owl c d g e . n e new ordinary senior h鼬 s 曲 ool en 酉 ish ql rricll lumcmtcrion h 觞勰 obje 嘶： t o $1:咒11 萨 hen 姐 d e n 1 a 喀esmdcnts，btic lmowl edge； de v e 1 r|jm c i r b a s j c s 妞 is o f lislenin 参 speaki n g , f e a 曲喀柚 d writing；叫 tivate their p r

19、h n a ry曲nity of璐illg o r a 1 a n d w r i h e n english i n co 黜 n ication'with reading a b i 1 i 哆弱 the fifstpriofity .thefefbfe i i 1 a 1 i 1 1 e oo s ei 1 i o r hi 曲 schools, erlglish teachers reg a r d 虹 ill 吨 stlldents'rea 弛 g a b i u 哆懿 a very i m p o r t a n t 啾 objective . s t 1 1 d

20、e n t s i n s c h 0 0 1 s a 陀 asked t o d o a 1 o t o f reading. however71 o t o f reade v e n when s m d e n t s i n g , t h e y are not actively engagedwi th th e te】【t i n a ineaningful way.teachers 0 f t oo h e a r students complai 1 labout their poor reading abni嘟in order to 铀 d out how stllden

21、ts evaluatetheif reading a b i 1 i t y and r e a d i i 1 g dass,咐 o quest ionl lai re s (see append i one & appendix, 111) 1 , o ) w ere designed and del i v e r e d t o s m d e n t s i n s h e q i hi 曲 school a t the be 百 n n i n g o f the semes tel 110 s m d e n t s i n the twodasses o f senio

22、r grade one 锄 ed out the t > 7 i , o q u et h0en1ef f e a d i n g c 0 唧 r e h ).some studentse n s i o n ( s oc a p p e n d i 1ae ve n h a d ani 喀 a 64 v en1ti1 d e towards readi ng . ano t her q 1 1 e st10nna i r c (h lappend 故 1 卩取 qshowedthat 83.7 % o f the stlldentse xp e n e d the i r teache

23、rst o teach some r e ad ii 1 g s ki 11 s 锄 d r cad1ng s 仃 ategies i n r ea di i 1 g da ss . 5 6 . 5%0ft1he s t 1 1 d e n t s s 仃 on百ya d v i se dtheirtcache 瑙 to c e a c h r e a d in gs t r a t c西e s i n r cad1ngcl 勰 s. the o b s e r va ti o n o nth e 1 e s oo np1ans w r i 1 t c n b y e ! n g1 is h

24、teac hc 稻 i i 1 shcq1i i 曲 school w 舔m a d e ne r e s u1 ts of n 1csune y show£ha£twopop u1 a r teac1 1 i n g m0de1si n reading da 護 exi st (see a ppend 政 111ree).0 n e 瑚 i odel o f n 1es t i 1 d en t:.o e n t cred1nstnlction i s t h ats m d e n tsare s e 1d0mtau g h t reading stra t9 9 i

25、e s and 1 h c y area <qvised t o read a 1o toom e i r o wn a n d m em0血ela 卩昌 e v o c a b u 1 a 巧 to fa c i 1 i tat e comprehens i o n. the othermode10 f t het e a c h erccnt e r c d i n s t n 1 c t i oni s thatte a c h e rsnever want t o 1 e a v e t im efor t hei r s t 1 1dentsin d a s s . 1 1 1

26、 c y c on tr o 1 the dass.jnieyspend m u c h time o n tran s1 a t i o nan d g黜arknowl edge. the t e a ch er s havest r o n g be11efthat stlldents ca ne a s i 1y1 1 1 1 d e istand the text i f they ar e s k me da t t r a nst1 t111rhi o n n a n s .es t 1reades t 1n e resultsshowed that 7 0 % 0 f dems

27、we r e n 9 t satisfied w i m tile 1 1 g oom prehens io n 锄 d o i 1 1 y 4. 6 % 0 f dents were very satisfied withslation 她 d g r a m m a l n o matter which mode 10 f ills 饥 lcti on isco nducted, teachersu s u a u y t each some specific r e a d i i 1 g s 1 【ills for about a m o n t h just before tile

28、col lege e n 仃 a n c e ex 锄 to get the s t 1 1 d c n t s prep 册 ijfor". from the above inst 九 lction model s.some naws 啪 be identified. inthe f b nner moclel t e a c b e i s o v e r e s timate stlldents，abilities t o understand 2 t h e textext word b y byin t e r a c t i o say n o t h h 1 t e 西

29、8. recentword. cbns tme t ng with me text g o f t e a c h i i 1 gs t i 1 d i e s o n r ei i 1 g m e 锄 i i 1 g 1 s 1 a di 1t . they think stlldents oo_n 1 e a m some 托 adi i 1 g s tmtegioobythemse 1 ves. the teache 璐f1珊! 1ybeliev e t h atc0mp r e h e ns i o n i sstudent，sown b璐in鹳stheyi g n o 聆 th e

30、factthatr e:adings t f a t e舀:ssh o u 1 d be t 卸 g h texp11dt1 y 锄 d that t hestra t e g i cs啪e彘c晰e1yfac11i t a t cs t u d en ts ;1 c0m p r c h en s i o n ( press1ey ''2 0 ooo.n e 1 at terr c n e c t s；距 o t h e fwr0i1gbe 1 i e fo f t ea chers a b o u tread 吨 c0i印rehen s i 0 n .i n the irp c

31、:r s p c c ti v e , the眦越i n g 0 f the t e t c 姐 b e g a i n e d by 姐 a j y z i n gt h at somef ac t 0rsa £ £ b c t co m pr e h e n sion,sueh 鹏 c o g 11 it i ve(d e v e 1 叩 m en t ,1 卸 g u a ge p r嘶c ie n c y , im e1 1 igen c e , apti m de, mot i 5v a t io n，r c a d i i1 gs t ;r a1t e 垂 e

32、s 锄 d ooon.among t 1h e s ef a ctors, 1e mi i 1gst rate 西 es proved to b ethekey f ac to r sre s e a r c ho n re a d i n gdeve 1 op m e n thass h0wn that 90 0 dreade 墙 usestrate 百 e st ha tafe n o t i 1 se d by poorr e ad e rs (grabe &s t 0uer 5 2 0 0 2 ).m u ch r c s e ；archo n 1e a m i i1 gs虹a

33、te西e s h骼b ee nc 秫 e d o ut i ne n百i s h 一 s pe a1【ingc o u n t r ie s h o w e v er , i nc 1 1i n a w heree n出1s h i s 1 e锄e d她d眦曲t as afore 咖 1 a n gu ag e ,the s i t i 1 at i on i s q ui t ed i船rent. in ch i .n a，m o s t r esear c h e s on e fl 1 e：a m i 1 1g st r ate酉 e s a f ei n ve s t 远 a tion

34、sw h ic h ares t at icst i 1 d i e sandmost of t 11 e mfocuso ns tr at e g y desc r ip t ions(p i liansheng, 1 997,wd qiu 胁 g, 1 996). dynamic m p i r i c a 1 s t i 1 d i n i n g 0 f e 位 c tive d even f 毫 wer arc e g y _ b 弱 ed i n s t m ce a d i n g a c h i e v e m e n t 幻wards m a d i n g .se e s

35、o n the 3 c i a s s 啪 m t f a i strat e g i e s are s c s m d i e s about how t i o n af 融 c t s s t i 1 d and their a t t i1 . t 1 1 d y r e a d i i 1 g c s been important cato 塔 interested school and1 r e s e a r c齟 rat t s ' f 1 d e the .v a 1nif1、2 the s i c|j i 丘 c 锄 c e n s i o n h 蠲 a h o

36、 1 o g i s 缸卸 d e d i 1 g h d m text'i n s i tt i n s 姗 ction s e v e 脚 geneo m pt oi no u t . c 0 m ph h勰 evdved£h roughrat io璐 of devein卩ment and c u 他 1970s, c 伽】pl. eb 叨 s ion s ed硼ma f n y 伽蒯 ng stlldcnts he 硝，quest i o 璐 at vario 吩 kver h n e m e nt sinei n s m 1 c i i oo 啊佻 b a1 o a

37、n s w e f t e a c1 s o f t h i n 1 ing , pafticularlyhigher levels o f t h i 11】【ing,狮 alysis, synthes i s and e v a 1 u a t i od v a1 i d a ti o n0fe fc b c ti v es in g u 1 ar compr e he 璐 i o nstrate百es i ntend ed to he1 p s t t1 d en t s r epresen tt h e if吼dc rs t 姐 d i i1 g s ai 1 dreactt 0tex

38、 ti n w ay st ha t w o u 1d res1 1 1t i n ir ep r0 ve:d 1o n g -1 e m memo r yfor t en . in me earlyl980s, comprehens ion r c s e a r c h t i 1 m e d i t s f b c u s oom e deve 1 opment a nh er cr agx t a v es hcontent. i i 1 rccemyears r e s e a focused more attention 0 n s t y . b a s e d i n s 打

39、u 砸 0ns 掠？ en 出 ish 弱 a f o n g 1 1 a g e ( e f 1 , ) contexts. s p e c i f i hey foe 略 on the f o 1 1 o w i i 1 g threet ei弘l a1 1 y t p e c ts o 1 . t h e r a . i 1 help ding comp t m c t i o n c t i o n .h e si o n n e d e t ee a d s t i r e h o m bi t make trateg yinatcstratext.tean si 1s加ebeing

40、x t . i t e nstrategy i n s t n t s t 0 enhance ion. rea 曲唱 s t r a e x p 1 托a 曲 n w i1 i d t t i eg p r o c e 豁 by 【through tr u c tt h e i r r e at e g yt h印pt卸曲t姐d i t s s u r % 也 at t h g y isimmediatelye 卩 plied che璐explain me act i v e demons 仃 a t i n g how they heirillsi c ae n tc a t1 e hj-

41、hyi n t r e a d i t h i n 1unde rs mi ng, which putstlldents i n a b 酬【e f p oo i t i oo t o con 仃 01 t h e i r own cooop rehens i on. a 5 h 廿客 boon m e m i o n e d , s伽 e g y b 够 e d nt sheading g s ti办 t 0 1 y t heyr a t e g y change o be moa r e a w a辄1 t r1ts 础 e n a r e e s rathe 1 1 e read t u

42、 d e n t s to wardinstmetion c雒improve comprehension. 2 .i n s 仃 1 1 c t i o n can h their student s at i v a t e d t 0 enjoyr e that 辄 cccssfllothe e 1 p e m os t i ide r c a d i ns t i 1 d 钮s t likei h a ni 1 g s0 b u ireadf 啪 ing a p p r o p r superior i n n a tmtegyi 越 tnlct 1 d u p a positive i

43、 n g .they b e 1 i e v ee a d i n g i f t f e a d i i 1 g i atcstmtegi t e a b i 1 i 哆 1 ion helps s a t t i t 1 1 d that they can become more illteuecttlany c 0 m p e tentb y 1 e a m i n g the r e a d i i 1 g s 仃 ate 西 e s as a r e s 1 1 1 t , they will h a v e h i g 1 1 mo吐vati o n t o 1 e a m the

44、 reading s 咖 te 舀 es and e v e nth1tki a 1 1 yr e a d i i s t i 1 d e g y ills n g . thebecome1 gn t sss t r a beeb nuccessful t e g y o m ereaders. 3 . t t i o n can h e n k e r s . s t r a s 臼 ate 西 c m i n how t o 1 1 s e r e a d i i 1 g t a s 1【s . t h e y specificst le枷 to m o n i t e n n i n e

45、 i f p r comp r c h e ni n s m 1 c g o o d t h i o uragesan1eam0.ffinishortamt o uset m c t t 1 1 s仃a the.n d where、s t 1 1 d e n t s cans 仃 ate 百 es t 0 d e t：i n g made to wardschi 1 la, little research f 0 4 c tent ion o n how t 0 西 v e s t r a t i o n i n teaching pract ioo, es i g h schools .ba

46、 辩 dandt 1 1 i s thesisdents t e 百 e s f i 1 1 1e £ f i c i e n t s 1【s孙w e u勰o (i 1 o w when e s the o f b 1 t t hlation and comp rehens i onr i c s , t 1 1 i s t h e s i s s t i 1 d i ef r c a d i i 1 g strate锣 instmetcomp rehe 鹏 i oo 粕 dstlldents'ate t o w a f d s reading in e f loo t t

47、i n g i nschool i n h e n a n p r o v i 1 ice. hi 坞 studydu 西 ed i n real d 豁 s r o o脚 whichwollld 娥打 a m oa t e g i r theogressuses i s5 i i the ao n .e dn s t r i 1 c allyt s i t tng y t h e o m p a c t o e a d i n gon m e c i 1 rs ta s t h ei o noo r t i t u d a h i曲 w 勰 condel o f s t r a 1 e g

48、y instmetion t o selviooteooh e 鹤.i t a 证略 at缸o using the a w a 姗ess o f teachi n g r oo d i n g stratej/ljes and helpingstllde n t s tow'e reading strategics e££ectivel y. 1. 3 o oo iv i e w o f the thesis n e t h e s i s i s m a d e u p o f 5 既印 ters. abrief introduction is i n 打 o d u c e d i i 1 a 1 a p t e r one. the 1 i t e r a t lire rev i ewooread i ngld f e a d i i 1 g s t r a t egyin s t m c t i on 狮 d previo 惦 research 髓 onat e g y i n s tmclion arc pre珊 o .chaptef t硫 e h i g h 1 i g h tt u d y b y d e 虫曲吨 the s u b j e c 捋，s e m e d i n c h n 卩 te