XX年考研英语全题型高分强化教程(19)

1、xx年考研英语全题型高分强化教程(19)partb小标题选择directions:youaregoingtoreadalistofheadings choosethemostsuita bleheadingfrom thelistafforea,chnunibe:redparagr'aph (1 5) thefirstandlastparagraphsofthetextarenotnumbered thereisno neextrahead ingwhichyou donotneedto usenowleslookatsomeglobalaspectsofourpopulationpr

2、o blem.(1)thereisagrowingscientificconcensusthattheearlyphasesofglobalwarmingmaybeuponusnow. witheachpassingyear,ourknowledgeofthesituationwillincreasesothatwewillknowbetteriftheearthiswarming, andifso,howrapidlychangemayoccur.whetherornottheearthiswarming,itisclearthatbypouringincreasingquantitieso

3、fgreenhousegasesintotheearth' satmosphereeachyear, weareembarkedonaglobalexperimentwhoseoutcomewedon，tknow. wedon'tknowiftheeffectsofincreasingthegreenhousegasesi nt heea.rth' satmospherearereversible wedon tknowiftheatmospheregobacktoitspre-industrialconditionifwestoppedallemissionsofgr

4、eenhousegases, andifitwouldg oback, wedon ' tknowhowlo ngitwouldta ke.onthescaleofahumanlifetime, thesechangeshappenveryslowly. sotheburdenofdealingwiththeunknownoutcomeofthepresentglobalexperiment, willnotfallontoday' spoliticaldecisionmakers:itwillfallonourchildrenandgrandchildren presentp

5、opulationgrowth, soardentlyadvocatedbythemanyintheoldergenerations, isputtingourchildrenandgrandchildrenatrisk. forcenturies,parentshaveworkedsotheirchildrencouldhavebetterlivesandopportunitiesthantheyhad wemaynowbedoingjustthereverse. wemaybeguaranteeingthatourchildrenwillnothavetheresources, oppor

6、tunitiesandenvironmen tthatwehave enjoyed(2)thedestr uctionofozo neinthehighatmospherea llowsmoreul tra-violetl ighttoreach thesurfaceo ftheearthwh ereitcanhav eseriousbio logicaleffe ctsonplants andanimals, includinghu mans(3)_ theworldwatchinstitutereportsthat globalannua lpercapitap roductionofgr

7、aindroppe dfrom346kil ogramsperpe rsoninl984to313kilogra msperpersoninl996. thisisadropof9.5%injust8ye ars.we've allhearditsaidthatpercapitafoodproductionhasbeengrowingeversincethetimeofthomasmaithus, andthatthisgrowthhasprovenhimwronghasleveledoionsmeansth sincethelaff, sotheconatthepercaptel98

8、0sgrai tinuinggtow itaproductinproduction thofpopulat onoffoodisdeclining pe rhapsmalthu swasrightaf terall.(4growthintheannualoceanicfishca vailablefis yoftheworld ein. mostoft ouslydepletchstoppedi hpercapitah 'speople, fi heworld' smanl989, andsi asbeendecli shisamajors jorfishinganeethen

9、thea ning. formem ourceofprot reasareserited.thegra ndbanksoffo fnewfoundla ndwasoneoftheworld5 sma thoughttobe pparentlyal njanuaryof1 eyear2025, tjorfisherie unlimited.n mostgone. (5 997fromstoc wo-thirdsofs, withstock ow, thesefis ) kholmindica theworld，spsoffishonce hstocksarea areporti tedthatb

10、yth eoplewillsufferfromwat therateofus rateofworld ausedbypopuershortages eoffreshwat population, lationgrowt,andtherepo erwasgrowin allofthesep h,andnoneofrtnotedthat gattwicethe roblemsarec theseproblemscanbe/zsol ved/zifpopul at iongrowth continues.todaywehea rmanypeople talkingabousustainability

11、, asth ationgrowth hatiscalled htseemstobe lation:allw nsofourwayo hiswillsuffoughwecanac withsomethi /zsustainabl thatthereis eneedtodois flife, (cons icetomakeoucomodatecon ngvagueandi edevelopmen noneedtowor tomakeminor erve,recycl rsociety/zsutinuedpopul11-definedtt.thethougryaboutpopumodif ica.

12、 tioe, etc.) andtstainablepleaseremem berthefirst lawofsustai nability:itisnotposs ibletosusta inpopulatio ngrowthorgr owthinthera tesofconsum ptionofreso urcesfoodg rain.global warmingw orldoceanic fisheries.t heozonehole freshwater ill transla tionpleaset ranslatethe underlinedsentencesint hefollo

13、wing passage.a commentaryo npopulation problemsm anypredicta slowingofgr owthinthefu ture, evennearfuture. certainlythatisso. (1)eithersocietieswill, usingonemethodorseveralmethods,decreasetheworldwidebirthrate,ornaturewilleventuallyincreasethedeathrate(usingnature'sowndraconianmethods).environm

14、entaiproblems,starvationandnewandtreatment-resistantdiseasesrankhighamongnature'smethodsfordealingwithhumanpopulationproblems. manyclaimthateartheansupportmanymorepeople.butonemust as k/z howmanymore?zza twhatcostinhumanlifestylesandaggravatedenvironmentalproble ms?(2) mar1 yclaimpopulationgrowt

15、hproblemsandenvironmentalproblemsareregional ,butmodernsocietyisincreasinglyz/globalz/androblemsinparticularregion (s)mustaffe ctallothers arehumanpopulationproblemsserioustoday?0nemightlookatvarioussymptoms justafewexamplnmostbigcit iesisbecomi ngincreasin glyunhealth y.(3) scienceandtechnology, an

16、d, yes, politics,mayzzhandle/zhuma npopulationproblemsandenvironmentalproblemsintheshorttermevenifhumanpopulationeontinuestogrow.butwhatkindofworldwillourgreatgreat-grandch ildreninher it?(4 ) eventuallyglobalpopulationmustbecontrolied,butthelongersocietywaitsthemoredraconianmustbethemethodandthegre

17、atermustbethepricepaidintermsofenvironmentalproblemsandhuma.nl ifestyles isspacecolonizationanalternative?ifso, wheredoesonego? (5) ca nearthexport/zthenumbers,themanymillionsperyear, necessarytoeasehumanpopulatio nproblemsan denvironmen taiproblems ?es:thousand rydayindiff immigration ndjustafewo m

18、s:forestse balunpolluts, mostlychi erentplaces isabigprobl ftheconsequ verywherear edfreshwateldren, starv aroundthewo emfortheuni entenvironm ezzdisappear rsupplyisineto dea. theve rid illegal tedstates. a entalproble ing"theglo danger airi练习答案与题解:pa rtb小标题选择1.文中有一处可以作为信息点，帮助我们找到正确答案。 在段中有这样一句

19、theearlyph asesofgloba lwarmingmay beuponusnow 由此推知，该段主要讲全球变暖的。2.在该段段首有这样一句可以给我们启示： the destruction ofozoneinth ehighatmosp here帮助我们了解 了该段将主要谈论关于臭氧层的问题。d项意思是臭氧层空 洞，正好合适，所以选d。3.从横线后的段落中，我们能看到关于谷物产量的叙 述，所以，这里可填a。4讲全球捕鱼业的，c选项可以恰当的概括原文段落的意 思，所以选c。5.在该段中提到了"watershort age",看到这里基本可以 判断，这个段落一定是与水有关的。那么自然可以选氏iiltrans lation：1. usingonemet hodorsevera lmethods 本句中的这不中ing形式在翻译时可译成谓语。本句应译为：或者是科学家能够找到一种或是几种方 法来降低世界范围的人口出生率，或者是自然界将会最终 增加人口的死亡率（通过最严峻的自然法则）。2. 在该句中"m