2019届高三英语一轮复习Unit1Greatscientists课时作业新人教版必修5

1、Un it 1Great scie ntistsI阅读理解A（2018 广西重点高中二模 ）People love cellph on es, which is why nine ten America ns own one. But does heavy use of cellphones pose a risk of cancer? This questi on has caused con troversy for many years. A new study in ratsnow augme nts those concern s. Its data lin kedIon g-ter

2、m, intense exposure to radiatio n from cellph ones with an in creased risk of cancer in the heartor brai n. The results have yet to be con firmed, the authors no te.In deed, although the rat study found a link betwee n cellph one radiati on and can cer, it offers noclues to why such a link might exi

3、st, no tes Jon atha n Samet. He teaches preventativemedicine anddirects the Institutefor Global Health at theUniversity of Southern California in Los Angeles. Still, he calls the new studys findings “significant” . They could lead to studies researching how cellphoneradiati on might cause cancer, he

4、 says.Phone sig nals are relayed betwee n cell towers and cellpho nes via radio waves. This radiofreque ncy or RF radiati on is a type known as non-i onizing（ 非电离的）. Un like X-rays, non-ionizing radiatio n does not deposit eno ugh en ergy into cells to release electr ons from atoms ormolecules, prod

5、uci ng ions. So it tends to be far less harmful tha n ionizing radiati on,such as X-rays.But that does not mean radiowaves might not cause harm.In very large doses （ 量）this radiati on will heat the body and cause tissue damage. But its notyet known what much lower RF levels might do, such as those f

6、rom cellpho ne use. Five years ago, theWorld Health Orga ni zati ons Intern ati onal Age ncy for Research on Can cer, or IARC, con cluded thatcellph one use“ ispossibly carcinogenic （ 致癌的）”.Its conclusion was based on what little research data was available at that time. But notice thatIARC was not

7、certain. It said only that phone use might“possibly ” cause cancer. So scientistsat the National Toxicology Program, or NTP,in vestigated further.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。人们喜欢用手机，90%勺美国人都有手机。那么，过度使用手机是否会有患癌的风险呢？ 一项新的研究给出了一些线索。【难句分析】 In deed, although the rat study found a link betwee n cellph one radiati on a

8、nd cancer, it offers no clues to why such a link might exist, no tes Jon atha n Samet.分析：本句为复合句。although引导让步状语从句。why such a link might exist为 why 引导的宾语从句，作介词 to 的宾语。译文：Jon athan Samet 指出，事实上，尽管在老鼠身上进行的研究发现手机辐射和癌 症之间有联系，但却没有提供线索表明这种联系为什么可能存在。1.Which of the followingcan replace the underlined word“aug

9、ments” ?A. figures out B. puts outC. refers to D. adds to答案与解析：D 考查词义猜测。画线词前面提到过度使用手机是否有患癌的风险这一 问题 多年来引发的争议不断，再根据画 线词后的“concerns ”和 “Its datalinkedIon g-term,intense exposure t o radiatio nfrom cellph ones with an in creased risk ofcancer in the heart or brain ”可知，现在一项在老鼠身上进行的新研究增加了那些忧虑。 故画线词与adds t

10、o 意义相近。2.In which aspect does Jonathan Samet think the new study in rats is significant?2A. It assists him with his teaching.B. It in dicates a new research direct ion.C. It warns people to mind cellphone safety.D. It makes a breakthrough in cancer research.答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的They could lead to s

11、tudiesresearch ing how cellph one radiati on might cause cancer, he says”可知，这项研究会促使科学家去查明手机辐射可能是怎样致癌的，也就是说它为科学家提供了一个新的研究方向。3.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. How phone signals are delivered.B. How cellphones produce radiation.C. Features of radiati on from cellph on es.D.Differen ces betwee n ion

12、izing and non-io nizing radiati on.答案与解析：C 考查主旨要义。根据第三段的内容尤其是non-ionizing radiationdoes not deposit eno ugh en ergy into cells to release electr ons from atoms or molecules, producingions. So it tends to be far less harmful than ionizing radiatio n. ”可知，本段主要讲的是手机辐射的特点，它是非电离的，其危害性远低于电离辐射。4.What might

13、 be the theme of NTP scientists further research?A. Why cellphone use causes cancer.B. Whether cellphone use really causes cancer.C. What health effects cellphone use has.D.How much exposure to cellpho ne radiati on is safe.答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的It said only that phone use might possibly cause canc

14、er. So scientistsat the National Toxicology Program, or NTP,investigatedfurther ”可知，NTP 的科学家进一步研究的主题可能是手机使用是否真的会导致癌症。B(2018 济南模拟)A European Union program is letting blind people experience famous paintings for the first time. Ituses three-dime nsi on al (3-D) printing to recreate famous pain ti ngs

15、so they can be touched.One pain ti ng prin ted with the new tech no logy is Gustav Klimts“ The Kiss ” .It is a popular attract ionat the Belvedere Museu min Vienna, Austria. The pain ti ngshows a man and a woman standing in a field filled with flowers. They are wearing gold robes and havetheir arms

16、around each other. The man lea ns dow n to kiss the woma n.Klimt fini shedthe painting in 1908. Un til now, people who had trouble see ingcould not appreciate the artwork. But tha nks to the reproduct ionthey can touch thepiece and feel the ridges and depressi ons. An dreas Reich in ger started maki

17、ng 3-D versions ofartwork in 2010. He said this reproduct ion was his most difficult project because the couples robes areso detailed.Domin ika Raditsch is a bli nd museum visitor. She touched the reproduct ion.As she moved her hands around it she said ，“ Exactly, can you see these? There are so man

18、ydetails. ” Raditsch said she could imagine what the originalpainting lookslike whe n she touched the reproducti on.“ Its somehow roun d.You can feel it.Youcan feel it.It comes with it.A nd in many places its so smooth.A nd the n I think to myself: it probablyshines too!” Raditsch said.The Belvedere

19、 is not the only museum to have 3-D versions of its artwork. Some of the pieces atthe Prado Museum, in Madrid, Spain have reproduct ions that can be touched. But the piece in Viennahas one special part: it is made with widely available 3-D prin ti ng tech no logy. That means one3day, bli nd art fans

20、 any where in the world could dow nl oad the source files and print the reproducti onsthemselves.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了欧盟的一个项目使用3D 打印技术重现名画，让它们可以被视障人士触摸到。5. What is “ The Kiss ” ?A. A European Union project.B. A popular painting.C. A 3-D technology.D. A famous museum.答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。从文章第二段的One pa intin

21、g prin ted with the new tech no logy isGustav Klimt s The Kiss . It is a popular attracti on ” 可知，（吻）是一幅深受欢迎的画作。故选B 项。6. Why did Reich in ger say this reproduct ion was difficult to fini sh?A. The painting was reproduced detailedly.B. The original artwork was made in 1908.C. Blind art fans cant down

22、load the source.D. The 3-D tech no logy is not available.答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。从文章第三段的最后一句He said this reproduction was his mostdifficult project because the couples robes are so detailed” 可知，An dreas Reichi nger 说吻是最难完成的作品，因为那对恋人的长袍细节很多。故选A项。B 项“原画作制作于 1908 年”和 C 项“视障的艺术粉丝们不能下载资源”与该题的要 求不符；D项错在“ not avail

23、able，与文章第三段中的“ started making 3-D versionsof artwork in 2010” 不符。7. How did Raditsch feel whe n she first touched the reproduct ion?A. Awkward. B . Puzzled.C. Excited. D . Nervous.答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。从文章第四段中的“ You can feel it. You can feelit ”可以推测出 Raditsch “激动的”心情。故选C 项。8. What is the best title for the

24、 text?A. A Europea n Union Program for Museum VisitorsB.3-D Printing Lets the Blind Experienee FamousPain ti ngsC. How to Reproduce the World-famous PaintingsD. A Special Museum for Art Fans in Vienna,Austria答案与解析：D 考查标题判断。从文章第一段的内容可以看出，用 3D 打印技术让视障人士体验名画是文章的中心，下文是围绕该话题展开介绍的。故选B 项。A 项错在“ MuseumVisit

25、ors ”太宽泛；C 项“如何复制世界名画”只是文章的一部分，不全面；D 项没有突出“3-D printing ”和“ blind fans ，故排除。n.完形填空（2018 长春七校第一次联考）Jake Ols on lost his left eye whe n he was eight mon ths old because of a born cancer. _1_ itwas con trolledthrough treatme nts, it reappeared and _2_ the loss of hisright eye. But after years of cheeri

26、ng for his favorite football team, Jake has _3_ the impossibledream. Hes now a part of the team, despite his total _4_, playing the game not based on sight buton _5_.Being a _6_ fan of the USC Trojans, one of Jakes last _7_ before he lost his eye was to watchthe team play at Notre Dame. His strong l

27、ik ing for the sport did nt go _8_ former USC coachPete reached the boy, i nviti ng him to meet the4_9_.In spired by those players, Jake hoped to be _10_ in his schools football team. At first he did ntthink he would be of any real 11_, but whe n he heard peoples cheers for football players, his lov

28、e forfootball strengthened. So Jake _12_ the coach, ask ing to join the team. The coach told him to_13_ the next seas on. SoJake spe nt his time practici ng hard. _14_, he became a starter on the team inthe n ext seas on. Having made his high school football team, it did nt seem too _15_ to do the s

29、amein college. Coach Steve agreed that Jake _16_ the requireme nts of the team. So Jakes dream cametrue._17 _ football, Jake is also a motivati onal speaker.“ I went into footballwith the thought that I had nothing to _18_，” Jake said, “I really had nofear. Going through _19_ in life does make you s

30、tro nger. Lifes un fair, but its _20_ me not to giveup and keep fighti ng.”【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。Jake Olson 双目失明，但这并没有阻止他对运动的 热爱。他是高中和大学橄榄球队的队员，并且他还是一位励志演讲人。1. A.Unless B . ThoughC. Only if D . Now that答案与解析：B 根据下文的 “ itwas con trolledthrough treatme nts,itreappeared. ”可知，此处指尽管(Though)经过治疗，癌症被控制住了，但是它还是复发了

31、，并导致(led to) Jake Olson 失去了他的右眼。主从句之间存在让步关系，故选Though。2. A.backed off B . held backC. broke down D . led to答案与解析：D 参见上题解析。back off 退缩，退却”；hold back 抑制，阻止”； break down出故障，崩溃。”3. A.forgotten B . quittedC. realized D . ignored答案与解析：C 但是，在为他最喜欢的橄榄球队加油多年之后，Jake 实现了 (realized)那个不可能的梦。下文中的Jakes dream came t

32、rue ”亦是提示。forget 忘记”；quit 放弃”；ignore忽视”。4. A.blindness B . abseneeC. deafness D . innocence答案与解析： A 根据上文中的lost his left eye ”the loss of his right eye ” 可知，此处指尽管Jake 双目失明(blindness)，但他现在成了球队的一员。absenee 缺席”； deafness 聋”。5 . A.ability B . guessC . feel D . imagi nati on答案与解析：C 根据上文提到的 Jake 双目失明的内容可知，此

33、处指的应是他打球靠的不是视力而是感觉(feel)。ability 能力”；guess 猜测”；imagination 想象”。6 . A.respo nsible B . faithfulC . careful D . temporary答案与解析：B 根据语境及上文的years of cheering for his favorite footballteam”可知，此处指作为 USC Trojans 球队的忠实粉丝，Jake 在失去视力之前最后的愿望 (wishes)之一是观看球队在 Notre Dame 的比赛。 responsible 负责任的”； faithful 忠 实的”； ca

34、reful 细心的”；temporary 临时的”。7 . A.cha nces B . promisesC . courses D . wishes答案与解析：D 参见上题解析。8 . A.unno ticed B . un solved5C . un reported D . un limited答案与解析： A 根据下文的former USCcoach Pete reached the boy, invitinghimto. ”可知，此处指Jake 对运动的热爱并不是不被注意的。unnoticed 未被注意的，被忽视的”；unsolved 未解决的”；unreported 未报道的”；u

35、nlimited无限制的，无条件的”。9 . A.l eaders B . playersC. fans D . coaches答案与解析：B 根据语境及上文提到的Jake 是球队的忠实粉丝以及想观看球队的比赛的内容可知，此处应是指教练 Pete 邀请 Jake 跟球员们(players)见面。下文中的“ In spired by thoseplayers ”是关键的提示信息。10. A.occupied B . involvedC. trapped D . absorbed答案与解析：B 受到那些球员们的鼓舞， Jake 希望自己能加入学校的橄榄球队。beinvolved in 是固定搭配，

36、意为参与，参加。be occupied in 忙于”；be trapp ed in 被 困在”；be absorbed in 全神贯注于”。11. A.i nterest B . hopeC. use D . concern答案与解析：C 此处指尽管 Jake 想加入学校的橄榄球队，但是因为自身有残疾，Jake最初觉得自己加入球队并不会有什么实际的用处(use)。12 . A.approached B . appreciatedC. recog ni zed D . greeted答案与解析：A 因此，Jake 找了教练，请求加入球队。approach 靠近，接洽”； appreciate 感激，欣赏”；recog nize 认出，认可”。13 . A.pull through B . set outC. leave off D . come back答案与解析： D 根据下文的the n ext seas on he became a starter on the team in the nextseason”可知，此处指教练叫Jake 下个赛季再回来。pull through 痊愈，康复”；set out 动身踏上”；leave off 停止”；come back 回来，返回”。14 . A.Gradually B . Fin