2020年福建省厦门市高三5月质量检查英语试题(解析版)

1、2020 年厦门质检（ 5 月）英语试题第二部分阅读理解 (共两节，满分 40分) 第一节 (共 15小题 ;每小题 2分,满分 30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的abc 和 d 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。a this is what a real silver dollar looks like if you trust in the yen, the euro, and the dollar. stop reading. because this is a story about the silver coin everybody wants. you read the headline

2、s. you know that troubled economic times have put global currency on a rollercoaster ride. but millions have found a smarter way to build long-term value with high-grade collectable silver. and right now, those people are lining up to secure some of the last 2012 u. s. mint silver eagles, americas n

3、ewest silver eagle dollars. today, you can graduate to the front of that line. buy now and you can own these brilliant uncirculated silver dollars for only $38.95! you cant afford to lose why are we releasing this silver dollar for such a remarkable price? because we want to introduce you to what hu

4、ndreds of thousands of smart collectors and satisfied customers have known since 1984 new york mint is the place to find the worlds finest high-grade coins. thats why were offering you this brilliant uncirculated 2012 u. s. silver eagle for as little as $37.45 (plus s/h). timing is everything our ad

5、vice? keep this to yourself. because the more people who know about this offer, the worse it is for you. demand for silver eagles in 2011 broke records. experts predict that 2012 silver eagles may break them all over again. due to rapid changes in the price of silver, prices may be higher or lower a

6、nd are subject to( 受 .影响 ) change without notice. supplies are limited. call immediately to add these silver eagles to your holdings before its too late. offer limited to 40 per household 2012 american silver eagle coin your cost 1-4 coins $38.95 each + s/h 5-9 coins $38.45 each + s/h 10-19 coins $3

7、7. 95 each + s/h 20-40 coins $37.45 each + s/h note: $10 s/h (shipping and handling) for each purchase for fastest service, call toll-free 24 hours a day new york mint 14101 1-888-201-7143 southcross drive w.,dept. ase177-04 offer code (代码 ) ase177-04 burnsville, minnesota 55337 please mention this

8、code when you call. www. newyorkmint. com 1. what is stressed in the ad? a. the coin can be circulated as a currency. b. demand for the coin is bound to break records. c. the coin is of high quality and worth collecting. d. limited supplies guarantee a stable price of the coin. 2. if you buy six 201

9、2 u. s. mint silver eagles by post, you should pay at least _. a. $230.7 b. $233.7 c. $240.7 d. $243.7 3. the ad strongly encourages people to purchase the silver coins by _. a. shopping online b. making a phone call c. writing to the company d. lining up in front of the stores 【答案】 1. c 2. c 3. b 【

10、解析】【分析】本文为新闻广告。广告从四个方面对2012 年美国薄荷银鹰硬币进行了介绍：收藏价值、购买价格、购买的紧迫性以及一些注意事项。【1 题详解】细节理解题。文章第一部分的第一段中的but millions have found a smarter way to build long-term value with high-grade collectable silver. （成千上万的人已经发现一种更加明智的做法，就是收藏高质量的有长效价值的银元。 ）和第二部分的new york mint is the place to find the worlds finest high-grad

11、e coins. （new york mint是发现世界上质量最好最高档银币的场所）， 说明作者想强调的是这种硬币收藏价值很高。experts predict that 2012 silver eagles may break them all over again （专家预言：2012 年 silver eagles 可能会再次打破记录） 。因此，通读全文，在收藏价值、购买价格、购买的紧迫性三个部分里面，都分别提到了银币极好的质量及极大的收藏价值。因此选项c.the coin is of high quality and worth collecting.（银币是高质量值得收藏的）。故选 c

12、。【2 题详解】细节理解题。文章中的价格部分中的“5-9 coins $38.45 each + s/h ”可知 5-9 枚是每个38.45；还有下面的note: $10 s/h (shipping and handling) for each purchase 可知邮寄费是$10。综合可知6$38.45$10$240.7。计算下来是 $240.7, 故选 c 项。【3 题详解】细节理解题。从文章的最后一部分for fastest service, call toll-free 24 hours a day。最快捷的方式便是打电话。可知广告建议人们通过打电话购买。故选b。【点睛】细节理解题主要

13、的答题策略有：（1）细心审题， 直接看题找答案。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读以及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。（2）语言转述型，要变通理解，从间接转述中找答案。细节理解题通常采用词语和句型转换的形式来取代原文中的表述， 如第 3小题属于细节理解题， 从文章的最后一部分for fastest service, call toll-free 24 hours a day。最快捷的方式便是打电话。可知广告建议人们通过打电话购买。故选b。（3）多点归纳

14、，综合事实找答案。细节理解题有时考查的并不是单一的信息，而是多处信息的整合。解答此类“综合”信息细节题时，一定要全面捕捉相关信息，进行综合分析、 归纳， 切忌根据“一面之词”草率地做出结论。如第 2 小题， 题目问如果要买6 块鹰洋， 通过邮寄要多少钱？根据文章中的价格部分中的“5-9 coins $38.45 each + s/h ”可知 5-9 枚是每个38.45；还有下面的note: $10 s/h (shipping and handling) for each purchase可知邮寄费是 $10。综合可知6 $38.45$10$240.7。计算下来是$240.7, 故选 c 项。b

15、 my violin is lik e a soul mate that whispers words of wisdom to me. together, we ve gone through both tears and happiness. about 12 years ago, i made acquaintance with it following an order from my mom. many hours of boredom were spent practicing it. and to make things wor se, the disappointment in

16、 my teacher s eyes as i played the wrong notes was like an invisible hammer, striking on my heart. one day, i finally decided: i hate it! by chance, things changed when i was seven. i was at home lying on the sofa, wondering how those famous violinists dealt with this terrible dilemma. i searched on

17、line for the e-minor concerto, a well-known violin work by german composer felix mendelssohn, and listened to it. a beautiful and mysterious sound came from the violin as the bow moved across it. it was like the music slid over the flowers, rose up, and started to fill the air. the violin s voice wo

18、ke up the sun, made the trees green, and freshened the air. as the music changed, the sky turned back to gray. a gloomy shade covered the grass as all the sunshine disappeared. i could hear children crying and men shouting. it was like an invisible claw had grabbed my heart tightly, making it unable

19、 to beat. that glorious day set off my passion and interest in violin i grabbed mine and never let it go. before the memories faded, i stared at my instrument. without hesitating, i picked it up, rosined(用松香擦 ) the bow, and began to play. peace filled my heart. my violin has been by my side for 12 y

20、ears. when i feel happy, an energetic tune makes it even better; when i m deep in sorrow, a peaceful tune washes it away, when i m walking on air, feeling especially pleased with my achievements, solemn(庄严的 ) tunes calm me down. gradually, it has become a part of my life. my violin, shall i compare

21、you to a summer s day?4. what further contributed to the authors dislike of violin-playing? a. orders from mum.b. boredom of practice. c. loss of passion for violin.d. disappointment in the teachers eyes.5. what can be inferred from paragraph 4? a. the author s feeling was continuously influenced by

22、 the music.b. the weather actually changed because of the tune. c. the sudden change made the authors heart unable to beat.d. the scenery outside the room was quite attractive. 6. why did the author pick up the violin again? a. the invisible hammer and claw are gone. b. the beautiful imagination cha

23、nged his attitude. c. a famous tune aroused his interest and passion. d. he was crazy about felix mendelssohns works.7. which of the following can be the best title for the text? a. deep love for musicb. my dislike and like of violin c. an inspiring story of violind. musical soul mateviolin 【答案】 4.

24、d 5. a 6. c 7. d 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己小时候被妈妈要求学小提琴，后来由于无聊和失望而放弃，无意中因为一首名曲又有了学习的热情，一直坚持了12 年到现在，小提琴已经成了生活的一部分，成了我的灵魂伴侣。【4 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的and to make things worse, the disappointment in my teachers eyes as i played the wrong notes was like an invisible( 隐形的 ) hammer, striking on my heart. 可知，当作者演

25、奏错误时老师失望的眼神加剧了作者对小提琴的不喜欢，故选d。【5 题详解】推理判断题。通过第四段中的it was like the music slid over the flowers, rose up, and started to fill the air. the violin s voice woke up the sun, made the trees green, and freshened the air. as the music changed, the sky turned back to gray.可知，这些对优美琴声的描写，表现了琴声对人心情的影响，人的心情会随着音乐而

26、变化。故选a。【6 题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的i searched online for the e-minor concerto, a well-known violin work by german composer felix mendelssohn, and listened to it. 和第五段中的that glorious day set off my passion and interest in violin - i grabbed mine and never let it go. 可知， felix mendelssohn 的 e-minor concerto 这

27、首曲子让作者对小提琴又有了兴趣和热情，故选c。【7 题详解】主旨大意题。文中作者讲述了自己小时候被妈妈要求学小提琴，后来由于无聊和失望而放弃，无意中因为一首名曲又有了学习的热情，一直坚持了12 年到现在，小提琴已经成为了生活的一部分，成了灵魂伴侣。musical soul mate violin 概括了全文意思，又能吸引读者，适合作为标题。故选d。【点睛】主旨大意题的做题技巧。1) 主旨大意题属于归纳概括题。如有标题，标题中蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。2) 找准文章的主题句是关键。“主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法。在答题时，我们可以：读首句抓大意；读尾句抓大意；读首尾段抓大意。3.) 无明显

28、主题句时高频信息词，任一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。比如小题4，文中作者讲述了自己小时候被妈妈要求学小提琴，后来由于无聊和失望而放弃，无意中因为一首名曲又有了学习的热情，一直坚持了12 年到现在，小提琴已经成为了生活的一部分，成了灵魂伴侣。musical soul mate violin 概括了全文意思，又能吸引读者，适合作为标题。故选d。c when you think of a national park, you generally picture fresh air an

29、d wild animals, right? well, now youre going to have to add tea shops and something called the tube to your definition, because london, england has signed up to be the first national park city. london was established by the romans around 2.000 years ago and has been continually inhabited ( 居住于 ) sin

30、ce then. in all that time, however, nobody had the idea to replace all the parks with big box stores or high buildings, which means london already has a much lower urban density ( 密度 )than most of the worlds cities. nowadays about a third of the city is green space, in july 2019, london announced it

31、s willingness to become the worlds first national park city. now the city is moving toward the goal of achieving 50% green space by the year 2050 by connecting and expanding public parks, greening up unused parking lots and the private yards of existing and new houses, fixing some green roofs on exi

32、sting buildings and even cutting holes in fences for wildlife to pass through. inspired by the aims and values of our precious rural national parks, the london national park city is basically about making life better in the capital through both small everyday things and long-term strategic thinking.

33、 daniel raven-ellison, who began the campaign to make london a national park city six years ago said in a press release. we ve been doing that in london for centuries, which is why london is so green and diverse.”london will have a much easier job achieving this type of green transformation than mor

34、e densely-urbanized cities like paris and new york, which have 10% and 27% greenspace respectively. but that doesnt mean its not possible- the national park city foundation hopes to employ 25 more cities in addition to london by the year 2025. glasgow. scotland and newcastle upon tyne in northeast e

35、ngland are both currently considering becoming national park cities. 8. what makes london more likely to become a national park city than other cities? a. its smaller population.b. its less dense urbanization. c. its citizens great support.d. the governments efforts. 9. where can we find the data on

36、 londons measures to achieve its goal? a. in paragraph 1.b. in paragraph 2. c. in paragraph 3.d. in paragraph 4. 10. what is daniel raven-ellison trying to talk about in the fourth paragraph? a. the significance of londons campaign. b. the effects of national parks on london. c. the resources of lon

37、dons green space. d. the strategic thinking of london for long. 11. what can we infer from the last paragraph? a. trying to be a national park city is turning new trend. b. national park cities are springing up around the world. c. it is so easy for london to become a national park city. d. national

38、 park cities are making improvements to our life. 【答案】 8. b 9. c 10. a 11. a 【解析】本文为新闻报道。文章主要介绍了伦敦致力于建成国家级的公园城市，努力创造更加湛蓝清洁的天空，国家公园城市的创建已成为一种新的趋势。【8 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“which means london already has a much lower urban density ( 密度 )than most of the worlds cities” 这意味着伦敦的城市化密度已经远远低于世界上大多数城市。可知。伦敦与世界上的其他城

39、市相比是城市化密度比较低的城市。故选b。【9 题详解】推理判断题。第三段“now the city is moving toward the goal of achieving 50% green space by the year 2050 by connecting and expanding public parks” 现在，该市正朝着到2050 年通过连接和扩展公共公园实现50%绿地率的目标迈进。可知，第三段提到了伦敦为了实现到2050年达到 50%是绿色空间这一目标而努力，接着后面是具体的措施。由此可知在第三段能找到伦敦为实现其目标而采取的措施的数据，故选c。【10 题详解】细节理解

40、题。根据第四段中的the london national park city is basically about making life better in the capital伦敦国家公园城基本上是为了改善首都的生活。以及最后一句. which is why london is so green and diverse这就是为什么伦敦是如此的绿色和多样化。由此可知伦敦正在把城市变得更美丽，更多样化，环境更清新，这是伦敦行动产生的影响，故选a。【11 题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段the national park city foundation hopes to employ 25 m

41、ore cities in addition to london by the year 2025. 国家公园城市基金会希望到2025年，除了伦敦之外， 还能再运用于25 个城市。由此可推断出，许多城市都在努力争取成为国家公园城市，这已变成了一种趋势。可知选a。d the okapi is a mammal living above the equator in one of the most biodiverse areas in central africa. the animal was unknown to the western world until the beginning o

42、f the 20th century, and is often described as half-zebra, half-giraffe, as if it were a mixed-breed creature from a greek legend. yes its image is prevalent in the democratic republic of congo-the only country in the world where it is found living in the world. the okapi is to congo what the giant p

43、anda is to china or the kangaroo to australia. although the okapi has striped markings resembling those of zebras , it is most closely related to the giraffe. it has a long neck, and large, flexible ears. the face and throat are greyish white. the coat is a chocolate to reddish brown, much in contra

44、st with the white horizontal stripes and rings on the legs and white ankles. overall, the okapi can be easily distinguished form its nearest relative. it is much smaller (about the size of a horse) and shares more external similarities with the deer than with the giraffe. while both sexes possess ho

45、rns in the giraffe, only males bear horns in the okapi. the west got its first whiff of the okapi in 1890 when welsh journalist henry morton stanley had puzzled over a strange “ african donkey” in his book. other europeans in africa had also heard of an animal that they came to call the “ african un

46、icorn.” explorers may have seen the fleeting view of the striped backside as the animal fled through the bushes, leading to speculation that the okapi was some sort of rainforest zebra. some even believed that the okapi was a new species of zebra. it was only later, when okapi skeleton was analyzed,

47、 that naturalists realized they had a giraffe on their hands. in 1987, the okapi wildlife reserve was established in eastern congo to protect this rare mammal. but decades of political turbulence has seen much of the congo s natural resources spin out of the government s control, and okapi numbers h

48、ave fallen by 50 percent since 1995. today, only 10,000 remain. 12. which of the following is a picture of an okapi? a. b. c. d. 13. which of the following descriptions is true about the okapi? a. it is an important symbol of congo. b. it has been well protected since 1987. c. it is a mystical creat

49、ure from a greek legend d. it is more closely related to the zebra than the giraffe. 14. what does the underlined word“whiff ”most likely mean in paragraph 3? a. firm belief.b. kind intention. c. strong dislike.d. slight trace. 15. what can be inferred about henry morton stanley? a. he was the first

50、 europeans to analyze okapi skeleton. b. he had found many new species of animals in africa. c. he did not know the“african donkeyin his book was the okapi.d. he had seen the backside of an okapi dashing through the bushes. 【答案】 12. b 13. a 14. d 15. c 【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了生活在赤道以上的哺乳动物- okapi，这种动物直到2

51、0 世纪初才为西方世界所知，通常被描述为半斑马半长颈鹿，仿佛它是希腊传说中的混血动物。1987 年，在刚果东部建立了okapi野生动物保护区，来保护这种稀有的哺乳动物。现在okapi 成为刚果的重要象征。【12 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“the okapi has striped markings resembling those of zebras, it is most closely related to the giraffe. it has a long neck, and large, flexible ears. the face and throat are greyis

52、h white. the coat is a chocolate to reddish brown, much in contrast with the white horizontal stripes and rings on the legs and white ankles. overall, the okapi can be easily distinguished form its nearest relative. it is much smaller (about the size of a horse) and shares more external similarities

53、 with the deer than with the giraffe.” okapiokapi有类似斑马的条纹，但它与长颈鹿的关系最为密切。它的脖子很长，耳朵又大又灵活。脸和喉咙是灰白色的。皮毛是巧克力色到红棕色，与白色的水平条纹和腿上的环以及白色的脚踝形成了鲜明的对比。总的来说，okapi 可以很容易地把它从近亲中分辨出来。 它比长颈鹿小得多（大约马的大小） ，与鹿有更多的外部相似性。分析四副图片可知b 项符合题意，故选 b。【13 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“the okapi is to congo what the giant panda is to china or the

54、kangaroo to australia.” okapi 对刚果，就像大熊猫对中国或袋鼠对澳大利亚。根据常识可知，大熊猫是中国的象征，袋鼠是澳大利亚的象征。因此可推断出okapi 是刚果的重要象征。故选a。【14 题详解】词义猜测题。 根据划线词后的“when welsh journalist henry morton stanley had puzzled over a strange “african donkey ” in his book. other europeans in africa had also heard of an animal that they came to

55、call the “ african unicorn.” 当威尔士记者亨利莫顿斯坦利在他的书中对一头奇怪的“非洲驴”感到困惑。欧洲人也听说过一种他们称之为“非洲独角兽”的动物。由此可推断出西方在1890 年是第一次发现了这种动物的一点踪迹。分析选项a. firm belief 坚定的信仰；b. kind intention 善意； c. strong dislike 非常不喜欢； d. slight trace一点踪迹。由此可知d 项符合题意，故选d。【15 题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句the west got its first whiff of the okapi in 1890

56、 when welsh journalist henry morton stanley had puzzled over a strange “ african donkey” in his book. 1890 年，当威尔士记者henry morton stanley 在他的书中把okapi 看作是一头奇怪的“非洲驴”而感到困惑，由此可知，henry 不知道书中的“ 非洲驴 ” 是 okapi，故选 c。【点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。如第4 小题属于推理判断题。根据第三段

57、的第一句the west got its first whiff of the okapi in 1890 when welsh journalist henry morton stanley had puzzled over a strange “african donkey ” in his book. 1890年，当威尔士记者henry morton stanley 在他的书中把 okapi 看作是一头奇怪的“非洲驴”而感到困惑，由此可知，henry 不知道书中的“非洲驴”是okapi故选 c。根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定判断和推论，从而

58、得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理 , 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。第二节 (共 5小题，每小题 2分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。why are some people successful and others arent? whats the secret of success?

59、_16_many of gladwells ideas appear in his social psychology bestsellr outliers. _17_gladwell thinks that this is just an excuse for not trying.and if you really want to be good at something. you have to work at it.“ practice isn t the thing you do once you re good. gladwell writes.“ its the thing yo

60、u do that makes you good. central to the book is the“ 10.000-hour rule. it means that if you want to be among the best in the world, you need to practise something for 10.000 hours. _18_for example, the beatles played live in hamburg more than 1.200 times between 1960 and 1964. which is more than 10