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1、i. key to the exercises part i. tourist attractions section 1 : ancient town li1. pingyao2. it reflected people s wish for the town to last for ever since tortoise is a symbol of longevity in ancient china. 3. caves 5 to 20. because most tours begin with the second group of caves that is 5 to 13, an

2、d the caves from no.21 onward are built in the later times and cannot be compared with the other better-preserved caves. lli - i heard that people in shanxi are crazy about vinegar.- yes. shanxi has a long history of vinegar production. it is said that three thousand years ago, a village in shanxi b

3、egan to make vinegar with a mysterious recipe. in the song dynasty, every household had a vinegar jar and everyone was good at making vinegar. - is the process of making vinegar complicated? - yes. it required a lot of procedures and various ingredients. - it seems that people in shanxi can t live w

4、ithout vinegar.- exactly. this is not only because they like the taste of vinegar, but also because eating vinegar constantly can prolong people s life.- really? - i don t know. but vinegar can help to bring down blood pressure, and therefore it does good to our health. oh, there is a vinegar museum

5、. want a visit, then? - where is it? - in qingxu county. not far from downtown of taiyuan. - let s have a visit, then.- ok. then we ll know what tools and ingredients people used to make vinegar in the past.section 2: bridge i. -do you have any plan for this may day vacation?-i want to travel to hen

6、an. -really? these are a lot of places of interest in henan, such as the yin ruins, longmen grottos, shaolin temple and so on. -besides places of interest, luolyang peony is also famous. -yes. we have the saying “ the peony in luoyang is the most beautiful under heaven” . since 1983, henan has held

7、luoyang peony festival every year. -i will definitely go to see “ the king of flowers” . oh, do you know some specialties in henan? i want to buy some for my family and friends? -there are many. when i went to henan last year, i bought some cracked mushrooms cultivated in biyang county in henan. the

8、y are great. ii. 龙门石窟位于洛阳市南八英里处。公元494 年,北魏的一位皇帝从今天的山西大同迁都到洛阳后,工匠们开始在此修建佛窟。因此这里的佛窟是大同云冈石窟的延伸。龙门石窟的修建持续了几个朝代。在1,300 个洞里,有40 座小佛塔,大约100,000 尊佛像,这些佛像大到57 英尺, 小到 1 英寸不等。 这些洞窟石像和云冈石窟、敦煌石窟在中国的佛教文化中具有同样的历史意义。iii. 1. in 2.with 3. with 4. on 5. to 6. which 7. as 8. from 9. for 10.as section 3: cave ?i. 1.thei

9、r construction began in 336 with additions from the sui and tang dynasties down to the yuan dynasty2.the mogao grottoes in gansu, y ungang grottoes in datong, longmen grottoes in luoyang. 3. the invaluable murals and sculptures in the grottoes were created between the 4th and the 14th century. 4. th

10、ere are altogether 493 caves, 2200 sculptures and murals of 45,000 square meters in mogao grottoes5. dunhuang art research institute was established in 1943 to restore ,preserve and study these valuable cultural relics. iii. 莫高窟是集绘画、雕塑和建筑为一体的艺术宝库。莫高窟最大的洞窟可达40 米高, 30平方米大, 而最小的却不足一英尺。莫高窟中的雕塑都是由彩色粘土制成的

11、,最大的高33 米,最小只有10 厘米。这些雕塑用夸张的颜色来表达人物内心的特点和不同的方式。当看到这些具有艺术性和想象力的雕塑时,你会觉得非常的神奇。石窟中的壁画非常的丰富多彩,它们反映了远古时代的社会生活,如狩猎,农耕,歌舞,婚礼和葬礼仪式等各个方面的场景。 除了山西五台山佛光寺的大雄宝殿,建于唐宋时期的莫高窟是中国最古老的木结构建筑。section 4: folk culture village 1.the 56 ethnic group of china live in different parts of china and it is difficult to experience

12、 each ethnic group s architecture, their festivals and taste their snacks during one single visit. but the chinese folk cultural village in shenzhen will help solve this problem.2. because the mosuo people is the world s only matriarchal community in existence today.3. because of their nomadic livin

13、g habits, mongols live in yurts which are not only cool in summer and warm in winter but easy to set up or take part. 4.this two- part festival starts on the first day with the “ jumping into the fire sea” . several barefooted men jump in and out of a burning fire. the performance on the second day

14、is as dangerous as that on the first day. it is called “ climbing the mountain of knives because brave men will climb a ladder formed by two wooden poles with 32 sharp long knives as the rungs. when barefooted heroes reach the top of the ladder, they let off firecrackers to declare their success. th

15、is traditional festival commemorates a hero who bravely helped the lisu people resist foreign invaders during the ming dynasty. 5. the construction of the ling canal. 6.the symbolic landscape in guilin is a water buffalo leisurely working in the rice paddies, with buffalo boys on their back against

16、the misty but graceful green mountains as background. . -do you know the miao peoples sisters festival?-sister s festival? does it mean that it is a festival for girls?-no. sister s festival is actually the miao s people s “ valentine s day ” . during the festival, young men from several villages ga

17、ther together and try to win over the hearts of their loved ones. -girls are dressed up in beautiful clothes, right? -of course. they also wear silver jewelry. -when does it occur? -the celebration begins on the fifteenth day of the lunar march and normally lasts three days. -besides the search for

18、a marriage partner, are there any other activities? - eating “ sisters rice”.-what is it? -it is the rice eating during the sister s festival. a few days before the festival , girls flock to the mountains to collect wild flowers and berries to dye the glutinous rice known as “ sister rice ”.-oh, i s

19、ee. the festival will come next week. i really want to attend it. - ok, let s go to feel the unique ethical minority culture. section 5: garden i. 1. four : the imperial garden, prvate garden, monastic garden and natural landscape garden2. the humble administrator s garden. 3.the necessity for the g

20、arden to “ look natural, though man-made” , the harmonious combination of opposites, and the covered corridors. ii. - -yes, this is just like the pavilion i saw on postcards.-out of all suzhou s gardens, this is the largest pavilion.-the furniture here is truly amazing. -the furniture is all made of

21、 cedar, so this is also called the cedar hall. -these two rooms are completely different; i can t even take it all in.-this is called the mandarin duck hall. -“ mandarin duck ” refers to a bird though, right? what could a bird have to do with this pavilion? -“ mandarin duck” does refer to a bird, bu

22、t here, it conjures up the idea of “ a pair” . look, this is the men s side, used for receiving male guests; and this is the women s side, which, of course, is for receiving female guests. -i got it. (getting out of the pavilion) -feel thirsty? let s go over there to buy some water.-ok, oh, by the w

23、ay, i am wondering what suzhou specialties i can buy. can you recommend anything? -no problem. section6: historic site i. 坐落在距西安市30 公里临潼区境内的骊山北麓的华清池,以它袅娜的春色和唐玄宗与杨贵妃的浪漫爱情故事而享誉盛名。悠久的历史和位于西安奇妙景观之中的优越地理位置使得它吸引许多游客前来参观、沐浴温泉。据说西周的周幽王在这里修建了一座宫殿,随后由秦始皇和西汉的汉武帝进行了修缮。在唐玄宗统治时期,他又花费了令人瞠目的巨资将此建造成为一座奢华的宫殿,并将其改名为华清

24、池或华清宫。唐玄宗在位的41 年间,他曾到此高达36 次之多。由于它拥有3000年历史的宫殿和6000 年历史的温泉,华清池是中国百花园中璀璨的景观,它被列为国家文物保护单位和国家重点风景名胜区。ii. 1. they sell terracotta warrior replicas.2. the real terracotta warriors are life size and truly magnificent. 3. they are really like an army. 4. they actually are an army buried with qin shi huang.

25、 5. it is said there are totally about 7 or 8 thousand. i am not sure. 6. besides the terracotta warriors, there are copper chariots and copper horses and so on. 7. only three pits of the whole mausoleum have been excavated. 8. a farmer discovered it when he was digging a well in the fields. 9. mayb

26、e we could discover something, too. section 7: lake ?. 1.欲把西湖比西子,淡妆浓抹总相宜。2.because the west lake always looks its best, just like xishi,one of the four most beautiful women in ancient china. 3.because it offers a mild climate and a habitat rich in aquatic plants and fish with no industrial pollution

27、. 4.black sleeve cranes. ii . 1. having experienced many geological changes, the poyang lake is now wide in the south and narrow in the north, 1ike a huge gourd tied on the waist of the yangtze river. 2.the cloud-and-fog tea from mt. lushan was a tribute to the royal court in the song dynasty. 3.jin

28、gdezhen is called “ the capital of china” . porcelain productions dates back to early tang dynasty. 4.jiangxi province is called “ the land of fish and rice” . it is also famous for tea, sugarcanes, fruits and so on. .1. located 2.professional 3.covering 4.collection 5.historical 6. painting 7.varie

29、ty 8.exhibition 9.tourists posed section 8: mountain ii. 1. f 2. t 3. f 4. f.太平湖位于黄山南麓,九华山的东南方,面积大约88 平方公里,水深40 米。它是安徽省最大的人工湖。湖中有各种形状的小岛十多个。风格简朴的房子及它们的彩墙和茶树一起倒映在镜子一样的湖水中。湖面上点缀着渔船的白矾和竹筏。太平湖是许多诸如鹿野兔等野生动物的家园。最近湖中又建了许多新景点,包括鹿岛,猴岛,白鹭洲,蛇塘,鳄鱼塘等。太平湖距黄山北入口40 公里,距九华山90 公里。 1996 年 12 月太平湖大桥正式通车,给旅游提供了更大的方便。iv.

30、 1. huangdi made pills of immortality in the area of the mountain.2. pine trees, grotesque rocks, the sea of clouds and the hot spring. 3. no. certain weather conditions are required for its appearance. 4.五岳归来不看山,黄山归来不看岳。5. it has got its fame because of its beautiful landscape and pleasant climate,

31、 the visit by famous men of letters, politicians, even emperors and because of its profound buddhist culture. 6. wuxia was a famous buddhist monk who wrote the sutras with gold powder mixed with his own blood. he had practiced buddhism in mt. jiuhua for 100 years and died at 126. his body was found

32、3 years after his death but is still well preserved till now. section 9: pagoda i. 1. the original leifeng pogoda fell down in 1924。2. in october 1999 ,a special committee was organized to prepare for the reconstruction of the tower. 3. originally it was built in 652 during the reign of emperor gaoz

33、ong of the tang dynasty (618-907). 4. inside the pagoda, stairs twist up so that visitors can climb and overlook the panorama of xi an city from the arch-shaped doors on four sides of each storey. on the walls are engraved fine statues of buddha by the renowned artist yan liben of the tang dynasty.

34、steles by noted calligraphers also grace the pagoda. ii. 至于这座塔为什么被称为大雁塔的原因,有一个传说。 根据古老的佛教故事,佛教有两个分支,其中一个认为僧侣可以吃肉。有一天,僧侣们买不到肉。当看到一个野生的大雁飞过的时候,一个僧侣对自己说:“今天我们没有肉。我希望仁慈的菩萨会给我们一些”。就在这时,领头雁折断了自己的翅膀,摔在地上。所有的僧侣都吓了一跳,认为是菩萨显灵了,要求他们要更加虔诚。于是,僧侣们在大雁塔掉下的地方建立了一座宝塔,并不再吃肉。大雁塔的名字由此而来。section 10: palace i. 1. the kunm

35、ing lake is shaped like a peach.2. hall of supreme harmony. the emperors executed their rule over the whole country there. 3. the northern half, or the outer court where emperors executed their power over the nation and the southern half, or the inner court where they lived with their family. ii. -l

36、ook, this is the place i told you.-let s go closer. oh, are these stone blocks?-yes. different stone blocks have different meanings. from them we can have a general idea about the job of the host. -i see. is it true that four families shared a courtyard? -not necessarily. a rich family in the past m

37、ight have several courtyards while several poor families might share a single one. -are the courtyards here still the same as before? -no. they have changed a lot. the setup of most courtyards has changed. -look, air conditioners. life in the courtyards has been modernized. -in my opinion, courtyard

38、s are the most important symbol of life in beijing no matter how they have changed. section 11: patriotic education base . 1.the yellow emperor s mausoleum, hukou waterfall on the yellow river, the loess plateau (which is yellow) and the holy land of the chinese communist revolution movement.2.baota

39、 3.yangjialing revolutionary site . 华山以其险峻的悬崖而闻名。沿着通往山顶的12 公里长的蜿蜒小路到处是令人敬畏的悬崖峭壁,探头向下看一看就足以使人倒吸冷气。在华山五峰中,东峰(朝阳峰),西峰(莲花峰) ,和南峰(落雁峰)相对较高。站在东峰顶上,人们可以在清晨时分欣赏日出。西峰状如莲花,是华山最秀美的峰。此外还有中峰(玉女峰)和北峰(云台峰)。中峰因相传曾有玉女乘白马入山间而得名。北峰峰顶平坦如云中之台,著名“智取华山”的故事就发生在这里。section 12: pavilion . 1. the yellow crane pavilion was buil

40、t in “three kingdoms” period (221-263a.d.).2.the building is named after a fairy tale that a fairy once passed here riding on a yellow crane. 3. the great emperor wu of the western han dynasty. 4. today the saying means that everybody has his or her own way of dealing with things. 5. because penglai

41、 sits on the southern tip of the bohai strait , the low temperature of the sea water and the high temperature along the coast result in the appearance of spectacular optical illusions. 6. the pavilion high up in the air casts its reflection in the blue sea, with ring upon ring mist wrapping the moun

42、tainside. it is just like a fantastic mirage written in water. standing in the pavilion with mist and clouds floating beneath, visitors will feel like immortals hovering over the waves against wind. under the pavilion, reefs rising above the sea surface are called yuliang. sometimes you can find old

43、 men, in groups of three or five,fishing on the reefs, happy and pleased with themselves. . 0.3 miles from qingdao railway station, zhan bridge, a qingdao landmark, welcomes travelers to this beautiful coastal city. originally built in 1891 as naval pier, zhan bridge is 440-meter long and 10-meter w

44、ide with giant granite supports. loutus-shaped lamps provide illustration and decoration. at the south end of the bridge is a chinese style octagon pavilion, called huilan pavilion, standing in contrast to european buildings in the background. qingdao bay is shaped like crescent. like an arrow, zhan

45、 bridge shoots into the broad sea. standing afar, a white lighthouse braves the waves and wind, while the small green island is a platform for exuberant trees. here dynamic and static scenes combine as one perfectly. section 13: river .1.the yangtze river, the third largest river in the world, is 6,

46、300 kilometers long and contains a basin area of 1.8 million square kilometers. 2. it has more than 70,000 kilometers of navigable waters accounting for two thirds of chan s inland navigable waters. 3. if fully tapped, it can produce more than 1,000 billon kilowatt-hours annually, three times china

47、s present total electricity output. 4. but only 3.5 per cent of the river s energy potential has been tapped, the lowest utilization rate of well-know river in the world. section 14: summer resort ii. 1. leading 2. largest 3.summer resort 4.key 5. construct. 6.four 7.moderate 8. imperial iii. 1.ther

48、e is a seaside pavilion in beidaihe called wanghaiting. looking down from wanghaiting, one can see the misty sea in all its majesty and feel carefree and joyous. 2.it s named after the several huge rocks standing upright in the shape of a lotus flower. 3. the yinjiao pavilion 4. “ dove nest ” is als

49、o called the yinjiao stone, which is in the east of beidaihe. it is a separate rock with the unique shape of an eagle perched upon it. groups of wild doves once dwelled in the rock caves there, so it is also known as “ dove nest ”. section15: temple i.1. visitors can see the 2.100 pieces of steles f

50、rom various dynasties make a fine exhibition of calligraphy and stone sculpture. 2. confucianism has had the most lasting and profound effect on chinese culture. as time went on, confucius became respected as a sage, and the temples of confucius were built all over china. each year as confucianism b

51、ecame the backbone of chinese culture, the temple was expanded. sacrifices were often made to the sage, either by emperors themselves, or by high officials. sacrifice to confucius were as grand as those given to the heavens. this gives us an idea of the importance of the temple of confucius in histo

52、ry. 3. this cemetery has already lasted 2.340 years. at the time confucius was buried there, the cemetery was about. 66.700 square meters. it was continualiy expanded to over2.000.000 square meters in the foilowing dynasties. the walls around the cemetery are 7 kilometers long surrounding more than

53、10.000 tombs. ii. 1.where confucius taught 2.was built in the song dynasty in memory of confucius 3.the earliest and greatest philosopher and educator in the history of china 4.the spring and autumn period and the warring states period 5.burn three pieces of incense section 16: valley ii. 1.four: sh

54、enzhen happy valley, splendid china, chinese folk culture villages and windows of the world 2.there are nine theme sections in happy valley. they are spanish plaza, cartoon city, adventure mountain, happy time, gold mine town, shangri-la forest, hurricane bay, sunshine coast, maya water park and hap

55、py train, a high-altitude single track train. 3. the multi-color lake. the water in the lake shows different colors. 4. it never overflows in rainy summer and fall, and never dries up in winter and spring. iii.峨眉山以其宜人的自然景观,深远的佛教文化以及丰富的物种和独特的地貌而闻名天下。因此 ,峨眉山素有“植物王国”、 “地质博物馆” 、 “动物天堂”和“佛教神山”之美誉。走进峨眉山,你

56、会看见连绵的山峰,峰顶树木参天,溪流湍急,百鸟欢唱,彩蝶飞舞。春天,万物复苏,峨眉山坡披上翠绿的衣裳;夏天,百花竞放;秋天,红叶满山;冬天峨眉山被大雪覆盖,俨然一位身穿白色婚纱的青纯新娘。峨眉山终年植被葱绿,加之雨水丰富, 地貌奇特, 气候多样, 土壤结构复杂, 为大量物种提供了完美的生存环境。在这里,你可以欣赏稀有的树木,各种各样的花草。这些植物不但使峨眉山秀美迷人,也为动物创造了一个自然仙境。峨眉山在众多动物中不乏珍稀物种。金顶是最高峰海拔,有 3099 米高。金顶的四大奇观,也是峨眉山的四大奇观,它们是日出,云海,佛光,圣灯。它们正是峨眉山的自然美与神秘魅力之所在。. in normal

57、 situations, a giant panda is always very tender and tame, just like a shy lady. when it meets strangers, it often covers its face with a palm, or lowers its head to hide its face. therefore, the giant panda is also called “ miss panda” . it seldom has the initiativeto attack other animals or human

58、beings. if it happens to encounter a human in the wildness, it always tries to avoid direct contact. however, its another case when the panda becomes a mother. a mother panda is very easy to get irritated , using her teeth and claws to protect her little boy, even when some visitors are just trying

59、to see her baby for care purpose. sometimes the panda likes dressing itself, or doing things to make itself comfortable. for example, the panda often relaxes itself by stretching its belly and then arching its back, just like a cat. besides, the panda will stretch its front limbs and yawn after waki

60、ng up. if the panda is soaked with water, or after it wades across a river, it will shake water off its body like a dog. v. 1.largest. 2. sits 3.began 4.tried 5.take out 6.do 7.shocked 8.was pleted 10.design part ii. tourism service section 1: meeting i. 1f 2t 3f 4t 5f 6f 7f 8f 9t 10tii .1.只有经过媒人的介绍

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