2019高考英语一轮复习练习题Unit1Womenofachievement(含解析)新人

1、Women of achievement李仕才【阅读理解插花】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。We ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are,like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.Whats the problem? It s possible t

2、hat we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it s awkward and challenging, or we thinkits annoying and unnecessary. But the nexttime you find yourself amongstrangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say

3、it san invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we cant forget that deeprelationships wouldn teven exist if it weren t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease（ 润滑剂） for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director o

4、f the Shyness Research Institute atIndiana University Southeast. Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins withsmall talk, he explains. The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others,not just communicate with them. In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, assoc

5、iate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people ontheir way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction（ 互动 ） with its waiter;the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their serverreported significantly higher positive feelings

6、 and a better coffee shop experience. It s notthattalking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,IIsays Dunn. But2边缘的 ) members of our social network matter for ourwell-being also.Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense ofbelonging, a bon

7、d with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts withsmall talk. Small talk is the basis of goodmanners, he says.1. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?A. Addiction to smartphones.B. Inappropriate behaviours in public places.C. Absence of communication bet

8、ween strangers.D. Impatience with slow service.2. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?A. Showing good manners. B. Relating to other people.C. Focusing on a topic. D. Making business deals.3. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?C. Benefits of Small T

9、alkD. Uncomfortable SilenceA. It improves family relationships.confidence.C. It matters as much as a formal talk.4. What is the best title for the text?A. Conversation CountsB. It raises people sD. It makes people feel good.B. Ways of Making Small Talkinteractions with peripheral(3【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。 在当今

10、社会，人们在公共场合或沉迷于智能手机， 或与 不舒服的沉默抗争， 陌生人之间缺乏沟通。 但人与人之间是需要适当的交谈闲聊的， 闲聊是 人际关系社会交往必不可少的部分，而且也有很多好处。解析耳主旨大意题。题干问的是：第一段描述了件么现象。 舊公共场倉（优辟电梯里程银行排 队，或在飞机上）人们深深地专注于惟tn的智能手机，或昔更糟糕的是，与不鶴膿檢默抗争。有 眦哥枫陌生人之间缺乏沟通。A项竜为： 沉迷于智能手弘:B项董刎 在公共场第不适当的行为乜E项因“陌生人之间抉乏沟通。D项意为：对缓慢的服务不耐烦。故选&项。2.B【解析】推理判断题。题干问得是对于Carducci 来说， 成功的闲聊中

11、重要的是什么。根据第三段最后一句The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just com municate with them（成功闲聊的关键是学习如何与他们交流，而不仅仅是与他们沟通。）由此推断C 符合题意。A 项意为：表现出良好的礼貌。B 项意为：与他人有关的。C 项意为：专注于一个话题。D 项意为:做商业交易。故选 B 项。3.D 【解析】推理判断题。题干问的是：咖啡店的研究对闲聊有什么建议。根据第四段的调查结果可知，那些与服务员聊天的人， 有显著的积极情绪和更好的咖啡店体验

12、。由此可知，D 项符合题意。A 项意为：闲聊改善了家庭关系。B 项意为：闲聊提高了人们的信心。C 项意为：闲聊和正式谈话一样重要。D 项意为：闲聊让人感觉很好。故选 D 项。4.C 【解析】主旨大意题。整篇文章刚开始介绍了社会的现象（公共场合人们沉迷于智能手机，陌生人之间缺乏沟通交流），接着分析了这一问题的原因，接下来有专家对闲聊进行了研究，最后得出结论，闲聊都有什么样的好处。A 项意为：谈话很重要。 B项意为：闲聊的方法。C 项意为：闲聊的好处。D 项意为：不舒服的沉默。故选 C 项。I教材与语法填空根据教材课文内容，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。4Jane Gooda

13、ll had wan ted to work with ani mals in their own environment since she1.(be) a child. But this was not easy. When she first arrived in Combei n 1960,2.was unusual for a womanto live in the forest. However, 3.the helpof her mother, she bega n her work with the chimps, 4.cha nged the way thatpeople t

14、hink about chimps. Spending years observi ng and record ing their daily 5.(active), Jane discovered that chimps hunt and eat meat, aga inst what people usedto think. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other.6. (work) with the chimps for years, Jane hasargued that wild animals shoul

15、d 7. (leave) in the wild and not used for 8. (entertain)or advertisements. She hasachievedeveryth ing she wan ted to do, but more 9. (importance), she has got the world10.(understa nd) and respect the lives of chimps.答案：l.was 2.it 3.with 4.which 5.activities6.Working7.be left8.entertainment9. import

16、antly10.to understandn教材与话题写作(i)用本单元所学知识完成下列句子。1.玛丽是一个很有成就的人。她致力于帮助无家可归的儿童，她的行为赢得了所有人的尊重。(achievement; behaviour; respect)答案： Mary is a woma n of great achieveme nts. She has devoted herself to homelesschildre n and her behaviour has won the respect of all.2.玛丽被邀请在哈佛大学毕业典礼上发表演讲。(deliver)答案： Mary was

17、 asked to deliver a speech at the graduati on in Harvard Uni versity.3.玛丽说：关爱孩子是平凡的工作，但是你不要瞧不起平凡的工作。” (lookdown upon/on)答案：Mary said,“Caring for children is an ordinary job, but dont look down upon/onordinary jobs. ”4.一旦开始做一件事情，你就必须坚持下去，否则你将一事无成。(once; carry on)答案： Once you begin to do something, yo

18、u must carry on with it, otherwise you will n ever achieve anything.5.只有当你老了回首往事你能够说你已经全力以赴时，你才会对你的一生感到满足。(only+ 状语； be content with)答案： Only when you are old looking back and saying that you have tried your best will you be content with your life.(n)将以上句子连成短文，要求衔接连贯、过渡自然。5【完形填空插花】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A

19、、B C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。My fiance（未婚夫）and I decided today was the day to treat ourselves to a nice dinn er.It _1_ as “ ourday”， but little did we know that itwould tur n into much_2_did nt want the whole day to be about wan ti ng to _3_ the office for the upco ming（即将至 U 来的 ）_4_and I did nt wa

20、nt it to be just ano ther roma ntic ni ght for two , _5_ I decided to do something to make ourselves andothers happy.I began in small ways.1 _6_ a few more coins into the food vending machines （自 动售货机） at work for the staff ,so that there would be something for the next _7_ worker.I posted smile sig

21、 ns in the hall which gave _8_instructionson how to smileas _9_ entered the office , either before their morning cup of coffee or right before a meeti ng with their boss .I draftedsome powerful words of in spirati onon colorfulstrips of paper and decorated my _10_ _, so that any colleague who came b

22、y mightjust_11_ for a moment, read , and _12_ change their feeling.When it came time for our lovely dinner to _13_that ni ght , I left the servera big _14and a well-wishi ng n ote for her to have a _15 一 day.As my fiance andI were just about to leave our table , the waitress _16_ tears beside us.We

23、askedher to _17 with us and we just liste ned.As an emoti onal mother-to-be, I _18along with her , too.Our table for two was now for _19_._It was a day that was not _20ours , but it was the waitressday , myco-workersday, and now its your day too!1. A.startedB. adaptedC. disappeared D.finished2. A.la

24、terB.worseC. moreD.earlier3. A.applyB.leaveC. findD.stay4. A.partyB.pic nicC. banquetD.dinner5. A.ifB.thoughC. soD.because66. A.turnedB.putC. madeD.hid7. A.fullB.sleepyC. angryD.hungry& A.fewB.clea n7CclearD puzzling9 A.employeesB managersCfriendsD bosses10 A.homeB officeC restaurant D bedroom11

25、 A.stopBrunC eatDbuy12 A.neverB hardlyC frequently D perhaps13 A.changeB beginC ariseDend14 A.billBtipC orderDmenu15 A.wonderfulB carefulC busyD anxious16 A.looked intoB came intoC made into D burst into17 A.stand upB sit downC go awayD stay up18 A.smiledB shoutedC criedD cheered19 A.threeBfourC fiv

26、eDsix20 A.everB usualC justDeven【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。 作者和她的未婚夫决定一起共进晚餐。他们自己的特殊一天里， 作者却选择把关爱和欢乐一同送给同事、 餐厅服务员、 甚至是未曾 谋面的陌生人，让爱和温暖滋润他人。在这本该属于1A 考查动词辨析。根据下文的“ but little did we know that it would turn into much”及下文内容可知，这顿晚餐一开始只属于我们。 start 意为“开始”，符合语境。故选 A。2 C 考查形容词辨析。根据最后一段中的“ but it was the waitress day， my

27、co-workers day, and now its your day too ”可知，“我们”的这一天最后却变得更有意义，是更多人的一天。 more 意为“更多”，符合语境。故选C。893B 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指吃晚饭前先离开办公室。 leave 意为“离 开”，符合语境。故选 B。4 D 考查名词辨析。根据第一段第一句中的“ a nice dinner ”可知，此处指即将到 来的晚餐。故选 D。5C 考查连词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指作者不想这一天只属于她和未婚夫， 她也 想给他人带来快乐。本句与上句构成因果关系。故选C。6B 考查动词辨析。 根据语境及常识可知， 硬币应该

28、是放入自动售货机。 B 项意为“放， 安置”，符合语境。故选 B。7.D 考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的food vending machines（自动售货机）”可知，此处指在自动售货机里放入多一些的硬币， 是为了让下一个肚子饿了来买食物的同事有东西 吃。hungry 意为“饥饿的”，符合语境。故选D。8.C 考查形容词辨析。根据空格后的“ instructions ”及上文中的“ I posted smilesigns in the hall ”可知，此处指作者在大厅里贴出清晰易懂的笑脸示范。clear 意为“清晰易懂的，明白清楚的”，符合语境。故选C。9.A 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“ r

29、ight before a meeting with their boss”可知，此处应指雇员。故选 A。10.B 考查名词辨析。根据空格后的any colleague who came by”可知，作者装饰 的是办公室。故选 B。11.A 考查动词辨析。根据空格后的for a moment , read”可知，路过的同事们看 到激励的话会停下来读一读。故选A。12. D 考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，作者觉得这些激励的话可能会改变同事们的心情。此处表推测。故选D。13.D 考查动词辨析。 根据下文中的“ I left the server.”可推知，此处应表示在晚餐结束要离开的时候。end 意

30、为“结束，终止”，符合语境。故选D。14. B 考查名词辨析。根据语境及常识可知，在离开之前作者给服务员留下了很丰厚的小费。B 项意为“小费”，符合语境。故选B。15.A 考查形容词辨析。根据上文及“ a well-wishingnote”可知，作者的便条是祝愿服务员有美好的一天。 wonderful 意为“精彩的，绝妙的”，符合语境。故选A。16. D 考查动词短语辨析。 根据上下文语境可知， 服务员看到作者的便条感动得哭了。burst into tears 意为“突然哭了”，符合语境。故选D。17. B 考查动词短语辨析。根据空格后的“ with us ”可知，作者邀请服务员坐下来， 听她倾诉。B 项意为“坐下”，符合语境。故选 B。1018. C 考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“ As an emotional mother-to-be ”及语境可知，服务员突然哭起来，而作者作为一名感性的孕妇也陪她哭了起来。故选C。1119. A 考查数词辨析。根据上文可知，作者夫妇和服务员一起坐着，因此一共是三个人。故选 A。20. C 考查副词辨析。句意为：这一天已经不仅仅是属于我们的，也是属于服务员的、我的同事的而且现在也是你们的。just 意为“仅仅”，符合语境。故选C。川下面是李华的一篇作文，文中有五处错误，改正错误并背诵该文。Mary i