2019高考英语一轮基础步练Unit22EnvironmentalProtection(含解

1、 Unit 22 Environmental Protection 李仕才 【阅读理解】 The Internet has led to a huge increase in credit-card （ 信用卡 ） fraud.Your card information could even be for sale in an illegal website（ 非法网站 ）. Websites offering cheap goods and services should be regarded with care. On-line shoppers who enter their cred

2、it-card information may never receive the goods they thought they bought.The thieves then go shopping with your card number or sell the information over the Internet.Computer hackers（ 黑客 ） have broken down security（ 安全 ） systems,raising questions about the safety of cardholder information.Several mo

3、nths ago,25,000 customers of CD Universe,an on-line music retailer（ 零售商 ）,were not lucky.Their names,addresses and credit-card numbers were posted on a website after the retailer refused to pay US $157,828 to get back the information. Credit-card firms are now fighting against on-line fraud.Masterca

4、rd is working on plans for web only credit card,with a lower credit limit.The card could be used only for shopping on-line.However,there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated （ 欺骗 ） . Ask about your credit- card firm s on -line rules: Under British law,cardholders have to pa

5、y the first US $78 of any fraudulent（ 欺骗性的 ） spending. And shop only at secure sites;send your credit-card information only if the website offers advanced secure system. If the security is in place,a letter will appear in the bottom right-hand corner of your screen.The website address may also start

6、 the extra “ s” stands for secure.If in doubt,give your credit-card information over the telephone. Keep your password（ 密码 ） safe: Most online sites require a user name and password before placing an order.Treat your passwords with care. 1. What do most people worry about the Internet according to t

7、his passage? A. A lot of stolen credit-cards were sold on the Internet. B. Fraud on the Internet. 2 C. Many websites are destroyed. D. Many illegal websites are on the Internet. 2. What is the meaning of “ fraud ”? A. Cheating. B. Sale. C. Payment. D. Safety. 3. How can the thieves get the informati

8、on of the credit card? A. The customers give them the information. B. The thieves steal the information from websites. C. The customers sell the information to them. D. The thieves buy the information from credit-card firms. 4. You are shopping on a site starting and you want to buy a TV set,what do

9、es this article suggest to do? A. Order the TV set at once. B. Do not buy the TV set on this site. C. E-mail the site your credit-card information. D. Tell the site your password and buy the TV set for you. 参考答案： 1.B; 2.A; 3.B; 4.B 解析： 本文介绍了网上黑客人员盗用信用卡资料进行欺骗的行为以及我们该怎样防卫的措施。 1. B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句 （ 因

10、特网已导致使用信用卡欺骗的行为大量增加 ） 可推知此题答案为 B 项。 2. A 词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句 （ 你的卡上资料可能会在网上非法出售 ）和第四段最后 一句（可采用下列步骤防止受欺骗 ）可推知此题答案为 A 项。 3. B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段的提醒 （ 当心那些提供便宜商品或服务的网址 ） 可推知此 题答案为 B 项。也可采用排除法：根据文章内容，排除 A、C 两项（并且此两项也不合情理）; 根据文章第四段第一句可知选项 D 也不正确。因此选 B 项。 4. B 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的说明 ： 安全的网址应在电脑的右下角有一个 小字母 ， 或在网址中有一个字母

11、 s， 而问题中的网址中没有字母 s， 从而可推知此题答案为 B 项。 3 I完形填空 If you re the smartest person in your circle, you re in the wrong circle you ve outgrown it.It s time to move to the next _ 1_. This saying en courages people to _2_ more by hanging out with those who are more drive n and _3_ tha n they are. I heard this s

12、aying _4_ to me from my daughter s friend this past week.Ally, Wesand I have been running for upcoming _5_. I m going to do another 5K and Ally and Wes are going to do the 12-mile obstacle course._ 6_, their training is more intense tha n mine, but whe n I was in _7_ with_them last week, Wes sudde n

13、ly said, “You should _8_with us !” “You meando what you re doing ?” I asked, with a surprised _9_ on my face. “ Exactly，” he an swered. “ You can do it! You 10_ n eed some on eto push you. ” As much as I _11 to admit it, he was right.I needed to 12 outside my comfort zone always let them run ahead o

14、f me, content to run at my own comfortable pace.But that was the _13_ I d grown too comfortable with my trai ning. I hadn t been pushing myself. Ever since I had the surgery in April, I was a little _14 _ about running again.l was afraid to even try _15_ that night when Wes pushed me into it and out

15、side my comfort zon e.He was right! I was able to run only about 5 minu tes at a time before I had to walk aga in but it was a(n) _16_. And that was all I n eeded to get back at it no Ion ger afraid to train harder. Recently I have _17 _ my “training circle ” to include Ally and Wes, and he wasn t a

16、fraid to push me. So, how are the circles in your life? Are you being 18 in every area of your life, or are you very comfortable these days, not being _19_ at all, still living in side your comfort zone? If you re the most _ 20 one, the n it s time to get into a new circle or at least add to your ex

17、isting ones. 【解题导语】 如果你在一个圈子里首屈一指的话， 那么你就该改变一下，走出安乐窝 了。 1. A.pattern B. level C. item D. standard B 解析：根据文章第一句话可知，此处指是改变圈子，也就是移动到下一个“层级 4 (level) ”的时候了。 2 A.appreciate B pay C achieve D solve C 解析：这句话鼓励人们“取得 (achieve) ”更多的成就。 3 A.honest B experienced C potential D mature B 解析：根据语境及空前的“ more driven ”

18、可知，此处指与那些更有干劲和“经验丰 富的 (experienced) ”人为伍，向他们学习。 4 A.directly B immediately C suddenly D gradually A 解析：此处指上周作者从女儿的朋友口中听到了这句“直接 (directly) ”对自己说 的话。 5 A.sports B exams C races D performances C 解析：从下文的“ another 5K ”“ the 12-mile obstacle course ”可知，此处指的 是即将到来的“竞赛 (races) ”。 6 A.Hopefully B Thankfully

19、C Fortunately D Obviously D 解析： 根据语境可知， 作者的女儿及其朋友的训练强度“明显 (Obviously) ”大于作 者的。 7 A.company B love C touch D relation A 解析：根据下文的“ You mean do what you re doing ”可知，此处指但是上周， 当作者“和他们一起 (company) ”去训练时， Wes 对作者说作者应该和他们一起参加同样强 度的“训练 (train) ”。 in company with sb. 意为“和某人一起”。 8 A.play Bexercise C train Dgo

20、 C 解析：参见上题解析。 9 A.appearance Bview C manner D look D 解析：对于 Wes 这样的提议，作者应该是觉得不可思议，因而脸上流露出一副吃惊 的“表情 (look) ”。 10 A.still B just C even D never B 解析：根据语境可知， 此处指 Wes 说：“你能做到， 你只是 (just) 需要有人敦促你”。 5 11 A.expected B agreed C hated D failed C 解析：根据语境可知，此处指作者心中明白 Wes 说的是对的，就是“不愿意(hated)” 承认。 12 A.spread B s

21、hift C immigrate D step D 解析：此处指作者需要“走出 (step) ”自己的安乐窝。 13 A.opinion B sight C comment D problem D 解析：呼应首段首句，指作者以自己觉得舒服的速度来训练，这就是“问题 (problem) ”所在。 14 A.particular B nervous C confused D excited B 解析：此处是倒叙，指作者四月份动了手术之后，对再次跑步感到有点“紧张 (nervous) ”。下文中的“ afraid ”亦是提示。 15 A.since B if C after D until D 解析

22、：那时候也是 Wes 鼓励作者重新开始跑步的。在 Wes 敦促作者之前，作者甚至 都不敢试一下。un til “直到为止，在以前”。 16 A.stop B start C end D distance B 解析：作者之前害怕跑步，后来能跑五分钟，这是个 ( 好的 ) “开始 (start) ”。 17 A.entered B traced C drawn D enlarged D 解析：根据语境可知，最近作者“扩大 (enlarged) ”了训练圈子。 18 A.shocked B challenged C stricken D frightened B 解析：根据语境可知，此处指的是你在生

23、活中的任何一个领域都挑战自我吗？ challenge “挑战”符合语境。 19 A.shaken B stretched C punished D stimulated B 解析：这些天你是否依然非常舒服地生活在你的安乐窝里，没有“全力以赴 (stretched) ”？stretch “使全力以赴，使发挥出全部本领”。 B special C suitable D independent 20 A.confident 6 C 解析：如果你是圈子中最“适合的 (suitable) ”，那么是时候进到一个新的圈子里 了。 n语法填空 A school in Sarajevo not only ac

24、cepted a deaf student, but also 1. _ (teach) the entire class sign language to allow them to better communicate with him. The heartwarming story began in September last year 2. _ a womanasked the primary school in her neighborhood 3. _ (accept) her six-year-old son, Zejd, who has a 4. _ (hear) disab

25、ility.The teacher, Sanela, agreed almost immediately, 5. _ on the first day of school, she noticed Zejd 6. _ (sit) all by himself, unable to communicate with any of his classmates. Sanela, 7. _ (determine) to find a way out, tried developing a few signs of her own.But a parent of another child cameu

26、p with 8. _ even better idea getting the whole class to learn sign language along with Zejd.So they got a sign language teacher on board, and three months later ，Zejd was able to communicate 9. _ (happy) with all his classmates about regular things like homework and 10. _ (game) 【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文， 主要讲

27、述萨拉热窝的一所学校不仅接受了一个名字 叫作 Zejd 的有听力障碍的学生，而且还请老师教整个班级学生手语来方便他们更好地和 Zejd 进行交流的故事。 1 taught 解析：考查动词的时态。通读全文可知，本文整体时态为一般过去时，所 以空格处应用 teach 的过去式形式。故填 taught 。 2 when 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为 “ September”，从句中缺少时间状语。故填 wher。 3 to accept 解析：考查非谓语动词。 ask sb.to do sth. 为固定用法，意为“要求 某人做某事”。故填 to accept 。

28、4hearirg 解析：考查词性转换。 hear 为动词，此处应用 hear 的名词形式 hearirg 作定语修饰“ disability ”。 hearirg disability 意为“听力残疾，听力障碍”。故填 hearirg 。 5but/yet 解析：考查连词。句意为： Sarela 老师几乎立刻同意了，但是在开学的 第一天，她注意到 Zejd 独自一人坐着，不能和班级的任何同学交流。前后两个分句为转折 关系。故填 but/yet 。 6. sitting 解析：考查非谓语动词。notice sb.doing sth.意为注意到某人正在做 某事”。感官动词 n otice 之后常接

29、现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行。故填 sitti ng 。 7 7. determi ned 解析：考查词性转换。此处用 determ ine 的形容词形式 determ in ed 作状语，表示主语San ela ”当时所处的状态。故填 determ in ed 。 & an解析：考查冠词。句意为：但是另一个孩子的家长想出了一个更好的主意 根据句意可知，此处表示泛指，意为“一个更好的主意”； 且 even的读音以元音音素开头， 故填 an。 9. happily 解析：考查词性转换。在英语中，常用副词修饰动词。此处应用 happy 的副词形式修饰动词“ communicate

30、”。故填 happily 。 10. games 解析： 考查名词的数。 根据上文“ regular things ”可知，此处应为复数 含义，game 为可数名词。故此处应填其复数形式 games。 n、七选五 Self-c on fide nt people face their fears head-on and they know that no matter what obstacles come their way , they have the ability to get past them.Wouldn t it be amaz ing to have this kind o

31、f self - con fide nee ? Guess what ? You can .1. _ Stay away from n egativity. 2. _ is is a tough one, but it s time to seriously consider getting away from those in dividuals who put you dow n and shred your con fide nce.Eve n a temporary break from Debbie Downer can make a huge differe nee and hel

32、p you move toward more self-c on fide nee. Be positive. Put some positive en thusiasm into your in teract ions with others and hit the ground running , excited to begin your next project. 3. Instead , begin to focus on soluti ons and making positive cha nges. Don t accept failure. Never give up.Neve

33、r accept failure and get rid of the negative voices in your head.There is a solution to everything.4. _ Make this your new mantra（ 真 言）.Succeedi ng in a difficult or un pleasa nt situatio n is a huge con fide nee booster（激励）. 5. _ Learn everything there is to know about your field , job , presentati

34、on whatever is next on your “ to conquer ” list.If you are prepared , and have the knowledge to back it up , your self - con fide nee will rise very quickly. A. Be prepared. B. Create a great list. C. Get out of your comfort zone. D. Stop focusing on the problems in your life.8 I still remember how

35、my spoke n En glish was improved .In a the beg inning , I always kept sile nt in our oral class to avoid mak ing mistakes. Before long my teacher got to know about my situati on. He en couraged me to speak out that what I thought.Whe never I E. Therefore , why would you want to stop trying? F. Here

36、s how you can lear n to be con fide nt of all you do. G. Evaluate your inner circle , including friends and family. 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高自信的一些方法。 1 . F 解析：根据空前的 “Wouldn t it be amazing to have this kind of self-confidence ? Guess what ? You can. ”及下文罗列的内容可知，此处需填一个承上启 下的句子，故 F 项“这是你可以学会对你所做的所有事情感

37、到自信的方法。 ”符合语境。 2. G 解析：根据小标题“ Stay away from negativity . ”以及 G 项中的“ fr iends and family ”与空后句子中的“ those individuals ”的对应关系可知， G 项符合语境。 3. D 解析：根据小标题“ Be positive . ”及空后的 “ In stead , begi n to focus on solutions and making positive changes. ”可知，空处所填内容与其后面的内容之间存在 转折关系，故 D 项“不要再关注你生活中的问题。”符合语境。 4. E

38、解析：根据空前的“ Never give up.Never accept failure and get rid of the n egative voices in your head.There is a solutio n to everyth ing. ”可知，空处所填 内容与上文存在因果关系，故 E 项“因此，你为什么想要放弃努力呢？ ”符合语境。 5. A 解析：根据最后一段中的内容尤其是“ If you are prepared , and have the knowledge to back it up. ”可知，本段介绍的提高自信的方法是要做好准备，故 A 项符 合语境。 川

39、、短文改错 Mistakes are unavoidable in life.But attitudes towards it may make a differenee. I still remember how my spoke n En glish was improved .In a begi nning , I always kept silent in our oral class to avoid make mistakes. Before long my teacher got to know about my situati on. He en couraged me to

40、speak out that I thought.Whe never I made mistakes and felt discouraging , my teacher and my classmates would help me figure out how I must have avoided them. I also joined in an En glish club to get more cha nces to speak.Practice made perfect.Now I can talk flue nt in En glish. ,and success is just waiting for us. 【答案】 Mistakes are un avoidable in life.But attitudes towards it them may make a differe nee.Just as the say ing