2019版高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材复习题组提分练21Unit1Greatscien

1、 题组提分练 21 Unit 1 Great scientists 限时 70 分钟 语言运用练 完形填空 （2018 东莞质检） 体裁：记叙文 话题：兴趣与爱好 难度： Joh n Carpe nter Joh n Carpe nter did not like to buy toys that somebody else had made. He liked the fun of _1_ hem himself. The thought that they were his own work _2_ him. _ Tom, one of his playmates, thought a t

2、oy was worth nothing _3_ it cost a great deal of mon ey. He n ever tried to make _4_ ， but bought all his toys. “ Come and look at my horse，” said he, one day. “ It _5_ a dollar, and it is such a beauty !” Joh n was soon _6_ his frien ds horse, and he was exam ining it _7_ to see how_ it was made. T

3、he same evening he tried to make a _8_ one for himself. He went into the wood shed, and _9_ two pieces of wood one for the head of his horse, the other for the body. It took him two or three days to shape them to his _10_. But what _ about the wheels? This _11 him. With great efforts, he fin ally go

4、t some _12_ _ pieces of wood which could suit his _13_. Proud of his great _14_ _ ， he ran to his friend Tom, crying, “ Now then, Tom, here is my horse. Look !” “Well, that is a _ 1_ horse，” said Tom, “Where did you buy it ?” “ I did nt buy it ，” _ 16 一 Joh n, “ I made it. ” “ You made it yourself!

5、Oh, well, its a good horse for you to make. _ 17 一 it is not as good as mine. Mine cost a _18_ _ ， and yours did nt cost anything. ” “It was real fun to make it, though ，” said John, and away he ran with his horse _19_ after him. Does it really cost nothing and all his efforts are _20_ _ ？ Of course

6、 not, I will tell you. Joh n Carpe nter now is a master workma n, and will soon have a shop of his own. 1. A. collecting B. making C. doing D. inven ti ng 2. A. concerned B. annoyed C. amazed D. delighted 3. A. since B. in case 2 C. uni ess D. as if 4. A. anything B. someth ing C. nothing D. everyth

7、 ing 3 5 A. used C. wasted 6 A. searching C. admiring 7 A. patiently C. willingly 8A. vivid C. similar 9 A. picked out C. picked up 10 A. surprise C. relief 11 A. excited C. puzzled 12 A. flat C. sharp 13 A. approach C. concern 14 A. dream C. house 15 A. funny C. royal 16 A. asked C. reminded 17A. S

8、o C. But 18 A. pound C. note 19 A. rolling C. passing 20 A. for sure C. available 答案与解析 【语篇解读】 约翰卡朋特喜欢自己做的玩具，并因为这个爱好成为一个工匠大师。 1. B 根据上文提到的不喜欢别人制造的玩具，他喜欢自己做玩具。 make制造”，符 合语境。collect 收集”；do 做”；invent 发明”。 2. D 根据第 1 空前的 the fun 以及第 19 空前的 real fun 可知，对于他而言，玩具是 自己制造的，让他很开心。delight 使开心”，符合语境。concern 使担忧

9、”；annoy 使 生气；惹恼”；amaze使吃惊”。 3. C 根据第 4 空后的 bought all his toys 可知 Tom 认为一个玩具除非是花很多钱买 的，否则就一文不值。 unless 除非”，符合语境。 4. A Tom 从不做任何东西，所有的玩具都是买的。anything 任何东西”，符合语境。 5. B 根据设空后的 a dollar 及主语 it 可知，该空应用 cost 花费”。use 使用”； waste 浪费”；need 需要”。 6. C 约翰喜欢上了朋友的玩具马， 他耐心地察看，观察它是怎么做成的。admire “欣 赏；羡慕” ，符合语境。 search

10、 “搜寻；搜索”； feel “感受” ； attend “出席；照顾”。 7. A 解析见上一 题。 patiently “耐心地”，符合语境。 casually “随意地”； B. cost D. needed B. feeling D. attending B. casually D. hurriedly B. common D. rare B. gone through D. came over B. regret D. satisfaction B. cheered D. amused B. rough D. round B. curiosity D. purpose B. work

11、 D. wood B. horrible D. dull B. replied D. insisted B. As D. After B. bill D. dollar B. slipping D. marching B. in vain D. meaningful 4 willingly “情愿地”； hurriedly “匆忙地”。 8. C 当天晚上， 他就开始动手为自己做了一个类似的马。 similar “相似的； 类似的”， 符合语境。 vivid 生动的”； common 常见的”； rare 稀有的”。 9. A 他挑了两块木头， 一块做马头， 一块做马的身子。 pick out

12、 挑选”， 符合语境。 go through “经历；经受”；pick up “捡起；接收；接某人；染上”；come over 顺便来 访；过来”。 10. D 他花了两到三天才做出自己满意的造型。 to ones satisfaction “令某人满意 的是”； to ones surprise “令某人吃惊的是”； to ones regret “令某人遗憾的是”； to ones relief “令某人宽慰的是”。 11. C 车轮怎么办呢，这可把他难住了。 puzzle “使 迷惑；难住”，符合语境。 excite “使兴奋”；cheer 喝彩”；amuse使开心；逗乐”。 12. D

13、 他费尽周折找到一些圆形木头做轮子。 根据生活常识，车轮是圆形的。round “圆 的”，符合语境。flat “平坦的”；rough “粗糙的”；sharp “锋利的；敏锐的”。 13. D 他找圆木头的目的是做车轮。 purpose “用途； 目的”， 符合语境。 approach “方 法”； curiosity “好奇”； concern “关心”。 14. B 马是他的作品。work “作品”，符合语境。dream 梦想”；house “房间”； wood 木头”。 15. A 根据第 17 空前的 a good horse 可知，Tom 说这匹马很有趣。funny “有趣的”， 符合

14、语境。 horrible “可怕的”； royal “皇家的；盛大的；高贵的”； dull “乏味的”。 16. B根据上文Tom问“你从哪里买的”可知， 该处表达约翰回答说“我自己做的”。 ；remi nd “提醒”；in sist “坚持；坚决要求”。 17. C 前后语境是转折关系，故用连词 but。 18. D 根据上文第 5 空后的 a dollar 可知，D 项“美元”符合语境。 19. A 小马带有轮子，故应该是在约翰身后滚动着。roll “滚动”，符合语境。slip “滑 倒”；pass “经过”； march “行军”。 20. B 难道小马真的一文不值，他的努力徒劳无功吗？

15、 in vain “徒劳”，符合语境。 for sure “一定的”；available “可得到的”； meaningful “有意义的”。 词汇微存 workman n.工匠； shape vt .塑造 完形技巧 5 上下文中一一寻信息 reply “回答”，符合语境。ask 问” 5 完形填空选项的设置多用以考查学生通过上下文的提示或暗示， 对文意进行整体把握的 能力。联系空白处的含义与前后句的意思进行合理推断； 开头的题目从下文中查找信息； 中间或最后的题目从上下文中查找信息；常见信息多为单词、 短语、句子，有时是语境 暗示。 小题补练 完形技巧 5 补练 1. 需“瞻前” 【考例】

16、（2017 北京卷）. She asked her mother why he did that, and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry . More recently, the foundation bega n ano ther campaig n called Nati onal Red Scarf Day a day whe n people don ate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Can adas _ and homeless. A. elderly B.

17、 hungry C. l on ely D. sick 答案与解析 B 单独就本空来看，四个选项都有可能。但是由前面的“ the man was homeless and hungry ”可知，此处应该选用 hungry。 （2017 全国卷I ）While high school does not gen erally en courage stude nts to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration After that, feeling the need to _ further

18、, I decided to drop in on one of ASL clubs meeti ngs. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. expla in 答案与解析 B 根据上下文，尤其是关键词 explore 可知，作者觉得自己有进一步“探 索”美式手语的需要，故选 B 项。 2. 需“顾后” 【考例】 （2017 全国卷川）A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-world air ticket to the right woman.But _ apply.You must be named Eli

19、zabeth Gallagher and have a Can adia n _ (passport) . A. ben efits B. deposits C. restricti ons D. exam in ati ons 答案与解析 C 由下一句可知，这张免费机票是有限制的，即名字必须叫 Elizabeth Gallagher，还得持有加拿大护照，因此选择 C 项。 6 (2016 全国卷 I )One more look and he noticed _ shooting out from under the _ (disabled) vehicle. Larry pulled ov

20、er, set the brake and (got_hold_of) _ the fire ext in figuisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the ext in guisher and the fire was put out. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam 答案与解析 A 由后面Two good bursts from the ext in guisher and the fire was put out”可知，从损毁的汽车下冒出的是 fire，故选 flames 火焰”，而不是 smoke烟”。 3需“

21、瞻前顾后” 【考例】 (2015 广 东卷 )On the whole, our population is getting older. The _ in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life. Some people fear such cha nges will be for the worse, while some see _ (chances),_not disaster. A. changes B. recovery C. safety D. i

22、n creases 答案与解析 A 联系上一句话中的“ gett ing older ”和下一句话中的“ such changes”可以判断，人们寿命的延长和人口老龄化这些变化正对我们的社会发展和生活方 式产生持久的影响，故选 A 项。 4 需通览全文 有些题目依据上下文找不出答案，文中没有明确的信息， 只有通览全文，把握主题，才 能确定正确答案。 【考例】 (2016 全国卷 I )One thing is _ (for certain) Larry went above and bey ond the call of duty by gett ing so close to the bur

23、 ning vehicle! His _ most likely saved the womans life. A. patie nee B. skills C. efforts D. promise 答案与解析 C 本题必须结合全篇内容才能解出。由上文内容可知，运输司机 Larry 在路上冒险救人，因此此处应为 Larry 的努力挽救了那位女士的性命。本文为典型的“分7 总”结构，前文叙述的是 Larry 的英勇事迹，后文是对 Larry 事迹的总结。 语法填空 (原创) 体裁：记叙文 话题：社会 难度： For his graduate thesis, a German student n

24、amed Jorg rode 5,800 kilometers in China to learn about the Chinese Dream among ordinary people. Because 1. _ his interest in Chinese culture, he 2. _ (go) to Zhejiang University in 2015 for a master s degree. “Whats your Chinese Dream？” This is the question 3. _ (raise) by him for every stranger he

25、 came across on his 100-day journey. Jorg learned the term “Chinese Dream” in 2013, 4. _ has become a buzz word in Chinese society. Eager 5. _ (understand ) the true meaning of the term among ordinary Chinese people, he started his journey in May 2016. Jorg believes riding is 6. _ (nature), environm

26、entally-friendly, and flexible. His trip covered 12 7. _ (province), autonomous regions, and municipalities, from the northernmost city of Moheto the southernmost city of Sanya. Jorg concluded that dreams of individuals are mostly related to wealth and 8. _ (happy). From an official perspective ( 角度

27、 ), the dream that 10. _ strong country is the prerequisite ( 答案与解析 【语篇解读】 浙江大学，有一位叫 Jorg 的德国留学生，骑行 5 800 公里穿越中国。 从黑龙江漠河北极村， 一直到海南三亚，这趟旅程历经近 100 天，以了解中国人心中的“中 国梦”是什么。 1of 考查介词短语。 because of “因为”，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 2 went 考查动词时态。设空处所填词在句中作谓语，且句中时间状语是 in 2015 ， 故谓语动词用一般过去时，故填过去式 went。 3 raised 考查非谓语动词。设空

28、在句中作定语修饰名词 the question, 应用非谓语 动词。 raise 与 the question 是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。 4 which 考查定语从句。本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 the term “Chinese Dream”，指物，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词 which 弓 I导非限制性定语从句。 5to understand 考查非谓语动词。 be eager to do sth. “渴望做某事”。 6natural 考查词性转换。 设空处所填词在句中作表语， 应用形容词， 表“自然的”， 应填 natural 。 7provinces 考查名词的

29、数。设空前是数词 12, 故该空应填复数名词。 & happ in ess 考查词性转换。设空处所填词与设空前的名词 related to 的宾语，故应用名词，填 happiness 。 9. paints 考查时态。设空处所填词在句中作谓语，根据语境“中国梦”描绘了整个 9. _ (paint) a (复兴), he noted. Though the people seek their own way to realize their dreams, they all believe 前提), Jorg said. wealth 共同作 are 8 国家和民族复兴的更大远景指的是现

30、在的情况，应用一般现在时，故填 paints。 10. a 考查冠词。根据语境“一个强大的国家是前提条件”可知，此处应用不定冠词 a,表泛指。 写作满分等 短文改错 （2018 南阳模拟） Dear Ms Jenkins , rm Li Hua, a Senior 3 student from No. 5 Secondary School. I would like to offer my apology for un able to teach you to make Chin ese knot this Saturday. The reas on is that I have got a

31、cold, but the doctor suggests that I must lie in bed for one week or so. But dont worry. I had asked a friend of mine, Han Meimei, to go here in stead. He is very experie need in making Chin ese kno ts. She will drop on at your apartment at 9: 00 this Saturday morning. Please allowing meto say sorry

32、 aga in. I have the con fide nt that you can lear n how to make Chin ese kno ts. Wish you a good time! Li Hua 答案与解析 Dear Ms Jenkins , rm Li Hua, a Senior 3 student from No. 5 Secondary School. I would like to offer my apology for A un able to teach you to make Chin ese knot _ this Saturday. bei ng k

33、n ots The reason is that I have got a cold, but the doctor suggests that I must 或 an d/so must lie in bed for one week or so. But dont worry. I had _ asked a friend of mine, should have Han Meimei, to go her _ in stead. He is very experie need in mak ing Chin ese kno ts. there She She will drop og a

34、t your apartment at 9: 00 this Saturday morning. Please allowing in allow me to say sorry aga in. I have the confident _ that you can lear n how to make Chin ese con fide nce kno ts. Wish you a good time! Li Hua unable 前加 being 考查非谓语动词。介词后面接动名词作宾语， 故此处需在形容词 前面加系动词 being 。 knotTknots 考查名词的数。knot 为可数名词，根据下文可知此处需要用名词复数 knots 。 9 but T an d/so 考查连词。根据上下文意思，此处表示并列关系或因果关系，故此处 用并列连词 and 或 so。 去掉 must 或 musttshould 考查虚拟语气。 suggest 表示“建议”之意时其后的宾 语从句谓语用动词原形或“ should +动词原形”。 hadThave 考查动词时态。本文为现在时态，故此处需要