DwightD.Eisenhower-FarewellAddress

1、文库() /演讲致辞/英语演讲稿Dwight D. Eisenhower: FarewellAddressDwightD.Eise nhower:FarewellAddressGoodevening,myfellowAmericans.First,lshouldliketoexpressmygratitudetotheradioandtelevisionnetworksfortheopportunitiestheyhavegivenmeovertheyearstobringreportsandmessagestoournation.Myspecialthanksgotothemfortheop

2、portunityofaddressingyouthisevening.Threedaysfromnow,afterahalfcenturyintheserviceofourcountry,Ishalllaydowntheresponsibilitiesofofficeas,intraditionalandsolemnceremony,theauthorityofthePresidencyisvestedinmysuccessor.ThiseveningIcometoyouwithamessageofleave-takingandfarewell,andtoshareafewfinalthou

3、ghtswithyou,mycountrymen.Likeeveryothercitizen,lwishthenewPresident,andallwhowilllaborwithhim,Godspeedpraythatthecomingyearswillbeblessedwithpeaceandprosperityforall.OurpeopleexpecttheirPresidentandtheCongresstofindessentialagreementonissuesofgreatmoment,thewiseresolutionofwhichwillbettershapethefut

4、ureofthenation.MyownrelationswiththeCongress,whichbeganonaremoteandtenuousbasiswhen,longago,amemberoftheSenateappointedmetoWestPoint,havesincerangedtotheintimateduringthewarandimmediatepost-warperiod,andfinallytothemutuallyinterdependentduringthe sepasteightyears .Inthisfinalrelationship,theCongress

5、andtheAdministrationhave ,onmostvitalissues,cooperatedwell,toservethenationgood,ratherthanmerepartisanship,andsohaveassuredthatthebusinessofthenationshouldgoforward.So,myofficialrelationshipwithCongressendsinafeeling-onmypart-ofgratitudethatwehavebeenabletodosomuchtogether.Wenowstandtenyearspastthem

6、idpointofacenturythathaswitnessedfourmajorwarsamon命三一文库ggreatnations.Threeoftheseinvolvedourowncountry.Despitetheseholocausts,Americaistodaythestrongest,themostinfluential,andmostproductivenationintheworld.Understandablyproudofthispre-eminence,weyetrealizethatAmericasleadershipandprestigedepend,notm

7、erelyuponourunmatchedmaterialprogress,richesandmilitarystrength,butonhowweuseourpowerintheinterestsofworldpeaceandhumanbetterment.ThroughoutAmericasadventureinfreegovernment,ourbasicpurposeshavebeentokeepthepeace,tofosterprogressinhumanachievement,andtoenhanceliberty,dignityandintegrityamongpeoplesa

8、ndamongnations.Tostriveforlesswouldbeunworthyofafreeandreligiouspeople.Anyfailuretraceabletoarroganceorourlackofcomprehensionorreadinesstosacrificewouldinflictuponusgrievoushurt,bothathomeandabroad.Progresstowardthesenoblegoalsispersistentlythreatenedbytheconflictnowengulfi ngtheworldtcommandsourwho

9、leattention,absorbsourverybeings.Wefaceahostileideologyglobalinscope,atheisticincharacter,ruthlessinpurpose,andinsidiousinmethod.Unhappily,thedangeritposespromisestobeofindefiniteduration.Tomeetitsuccessfully,thereiscalledfor,notsomuchtheemotionalandtransitorysacrificesofcrisis,butratherthosewhichen

10、ableustocarryforwardsteadily,surely,andwithoutcomplainttheburdensofaprolongedandcomplexstrugglewithlibertythestake.Onlythusshallweremain,despiteeveryprovocation,onourchartedcoursetowardpermanentpeaceandhum anbetterment.Crisestherewillcontinuetobe.Inmeetingthem,whetherforeignordomestic,greatorsmall,t

11、hereisarecurringtemptationtofeelthatsomespectacularandcostlyactioncouldbecomethemiraculoussolutiontoallcurrentdifficulties.Ahugeincreaseinnewerelementsofourdefenses;developmentofunrealisticprogramstocureeveryillinagriculture;adramaticexpansioninbasicandappliedresearch-theseandmanyotherpossibilities,

12、eachpossiblypromisinginitself,maybesuggestedastheonlywaytotheroadwewishtot ravel.Buteachproposalmustbeweighedinthelightofabroaderconsideration:theneedtomaintainbalanceinandamongnationalprograms,balancebetweentheprivateandthepubliceconomy,balancebetweenthecostandhopedforadvantages,balancebetweenthecl

13、earlynecessaryandthecomfortablydesirable,balancebetweenouressentialrequirementsasanationandthedutiesimposedbythenationupontheindividual,balancebetweenactionsofthemomentandthenationalwelfareofthefuture.Goodjudgmentseeksbalanceandprogress.Lackofiteventuallyfindsimbalanceandfrustration.Therecordofmanyd

14、ecadesstandsasproofthatourpeopleandtheirGovernmenthave,inthemain,understoodthesetruthsandhaverespondedtothemwell,inthefaceofthreatandstress.Butthreats,newinkindordegree,constantlyarise.Ofthese,lmentiontwoonly.Avitalelementinkeepingthepeaceisourmilitaryestablishment.Ourarmsmustbemighty ,readyforinsta

15、ntaction,sothatnopotentialaggressormaybetemptedtoriskhisowndestruction.Ourmilitaryorganizationtodaybearslittlerelationtothatknownbyanyofmypredecessorsinpeacetime,or,indeed,bythefightingmenofWorldWarllorKorea.Untilthelatestofourworldconflicts,theUnitedStateshadnoarmamentsindustry.Americanmakersofplow

16、sharescould,withtimeandasrequired,makeswordsaswell.Butnowwecannolongerriskemergencyimprovisationofnationaldefense.Wehavebeencompelledtocreateapermanentarmamentsindustryofvastproportions.Addedtothis,threeandahalfmillionmenandwomenaredirectlyengagedinthedefenseestablishment.Weannuallyspendonmilitaryse

17、curityalonemorethanthenetincomeofallUnitedStatescorporations.NowthisconjunctionofanimmensemilitaryestablishmentandalargearmsindustryisnewintheAmericanexperience.Thetotalinfluence-economic,political,evenspiritual-isfeltineverycity,everyStatehouse,everyofficeoftheFederalgovernment.Werecognizetheimpera

18、tiveneedforthisdevelopment.Yetwemustnotfailtocomprehenditsgraveimplications.Ourtoil,resources,andlivelihoodareallinvolved.Soistheverystruct ureofoursociety.Inthecouncilsofgovernment,wemustguardagainsttheacquisitionofunwarrantedinfluence,whethersoughtorunsought,bythemilitary-industrialcomplex.Thepote

19、ntialforthedisastrousriseofmisplacedpowerexistsandwillpersist.Wemustneverlettheweightofthiscombinationendangerourlibertiesordemocraticprocesses.Weshouldtakenothingforgranted.Onlyanalertandknowledgeablecitizenrycancompelthepropermeshingofthehugeindustrialandmilitarymachineryofdefensewithourpeacefulme

20、thodsandgoals,sothatsecurityandlibertymayprospertogether.Akinto,andlargelyresponsibleforthesweepingchangesinourindustrial-militaryposture,hasbeenthetechnologicalrevolutionduringrecentdecades .In thisrevolution,researchhasbecomecentral,italsobecomesmoreformalized,complex,andcostly.Asteadilyincreasing

21、shareisconductedfor,by,oratthedirectionof,theFederalgovernment.Today,thesolitaryinventor,tinkeringinhisshop,hasbeenovershadowedbytaskforcesofscientistsinlaboratoriesandtestingfields .In thesamefashion,thefreeuniversity,historicallythefountainheadoffreeideasandscientificdiscovery,hasexperiencedarevol

22、utionintheconductofresearch.Partlybecauseofthehugecostsinvolved,agovernmentcontractbecomesvirtuallyasubstituteforintellectualcuriosity.Foreveryoldblackboardtherearenowhundredsofnewelectroniccomputers.TheprospectofdominationofthenationsscholarsbyFederalemployment,projectallocations,andthepowerofmoney

23、iseverpresent-andisgravelytoberegarded.Yet,inholdingscientificresearchanddiscoveryinrespect,asweshould,wemustalsobealerttotheequalandoppositedangerthatpublicpolicycoulditselfbecomethecaptiveofascientific-technologicalelite.Itisthetaskofstatesmanshiptomold,tobalance,andtointegratetheseandotherforces

24、,newandold,withintheprinciplesofourdemocraticsystem-everaimingtowardthesupremegoalsofourfreesociety.Anotherfactorinmaintainingbalanceinvolvestheelementoftime.Aswepeerintosocietysfuture,we-youandI,andourgovernment-mustavoidtheimpulsetoliveonlyfortoday,plunderingforourowneaseandconveniencethepreciousr

25、esourcesoftomorrow.Wecannotmortgagethematerialassetsofourgrandchildrenwithoutriskingthelossalsooftheirpoliticalandspiritualheritage.Wewantdemocracytosurviveforallgenerationstocome,nottobecometheinsolventphantomoftomorrow.Duringthelonglaneofthehistoryyettobewritten,Americaknowsthatthisworldofours,eve

26、rgrowingsmaller,mustavoidbecomingacommunityofdreadfulfearandhate,andbe,instead,aproudconfederationofmutualtrustandrespect.Suchaconfederationmustbeoneofequals.Theweakestmustcometotheconferencetablewiththesameconfidenceasdowe,protectedaswearebyourmoral,economic,andmilitarystrength.Thattable,thoughscar

27、redbymanypastfrustrations,cannotbeabandonedforthecertainagonyofthebattlefieldDisarmament,withmutualhonorandconfidence,isacontinuingimperative.Togetherwemustlearnhowtocomposedifferences,notwitharms,butwithintellectanddecentpurpose .Becausethisneedissosharpandapparent,IconfessthatIlaydownmyofficialres

28、ponsibilitiesinthisfieldwithadefinitesenseofdisappointment.Asonewhohaswitnessedthehorrorandthelingeringsadnessofwar,asonewhoknowsthatanotherwarcouldutterlydestroythiscivilizationwhichhasbeensoslowlyandpainfullybuiltoverthousandsofyears,IwishIcouldsaytonightthatalastingpeaceisinsight.Happily,I can sa

29、ythatwarhasbeenavoided.Steadyprogresstowardourultimategoalhasbeenmade.Butsomuchremainstobedone.Asaprivatecitizen,IshallneverceasetodowhatlittleIcantohelptheworldadvancealongthatroad.So,inthismylastgoodnighttoyouasyourPresident,lthankyouforthemanyopportunitiesyouhavegivenmeforpublicserviceinwarandinpeace .I trustthatinthatserviceyoufindsomethingsworthy.Asfortherestofit,lknowyouwillfin