辽宁省2021届高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析） (2)

1、高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）1.命题范围：外研版高中英语必修一、二、三2.试卷满分：120分 考试时间：100分钟3.本试卷分第I卷（客观题）70分和第II卷（主观题）50分 两部分。第I卷（选择题）第一部分 听力（略）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AI took a journey to New York,US several months ago.It was the first time I had been abroad.It was

2、 also the first time I had taken a trip by myself.I had great enthusiasm and high hopes,and I wasn't let down.Its hard to describe how I felt when I arrived at the airport in New York.Looking at people of different races and nationalities passing by and hearing different languages all around me,

3、I couldnt say anything for a long time.I had never understood the cultural diversity of the US so clearly and closely before.The following days were even more impressive.We integrated（融入）into the forest of concrete and cement（混凝土和水泥）.We waved to the Statue of Liberty;we looked down at the busy islan

4、d of Manhattan;we looked at well-known universitiesHarvard of ancient Egypt.Then we visited some well-known universityHarvard,Yale,Princeton and Columbiaeach with its own appealing and time-honored history.But what all these universities have in common is their peaceful academic atmospheres witch yo

5、u could feel everywhere.I was impressed by the libraries,decorated just like cathedrals（教堂）, and the laboratories just next to the classroom.My dream is to return to those places as an international student.Finally came our destinationsthe Model United Nations conference at the University of Chicago

6、.Students from various countries arrived to act as United Nations delegations and share their opinions about global issues.As a non-native speaker,I felt that competing against native speakers was a very tough task.But it was also a rare change to improve my English and I couldnt throw it away.With

7、perseverance and devotion.I got used to talking to other delegations naturally.Although I didn't win any awards,the chairman praised me at the closing ceremony for my excellent performance.That made me feel really proud.This trip brought me unforgettable and valuable experiences that will benefi

8、t me forever.1. What is the main purpose of the author's going to America?A. To see some places of interest.B. To visit some well-known universities.C. To attend a competition at a university.D. To learn about the cultural diversity there.2. How did the author feel when he/she saw the cultural d

9、iversity of the US?A. Regretful.B. Amazed.C. Peaceful.D. Confident.3. What is the author's wish in the future?A. To work for the United Nations.B. To tour more countries in the world.C. To have a job in the United States.D. To study in the famous universities in America.4. Why did the author fee

10、l proud?A. He won an award in the competition.B. He was praised by the chairman.C. He could persuade others to accept his opinions.D. He could speak English well at the conference.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. B【解析】本文作者去美国参加在一所大学里举行的的比赛，作者对美国文化的多元化感到惊讶。作者虽然没有获奖，但他被主席表扬因而感到自豪。作者最大的愿望是在美国大学里学习。【1题详解】C推理判断题。根据

11、倒数第二段Finally came our destinationsthe Model United Nations conference at the University of Chicago.Students from various countries arrived to act as United Nations delegations and share their opinions about global issues.和倒数第一段第一句As a non-native speaker,I felt that competing against native speakers

12、was a very tough task.可知，作者来美国的目的是为了在一所大学参加比赛。故选C。【2题详解】B推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句Looking at people of different races and nationalities passing by and hearing different languages all around me,I couldnt say anything for a long time.I had never understood the cultural diversity of the US so clearly and close

13、ly before.可知，作者看到美国文化的多元化时感到惊讶。故选B。【3题详解】D细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句.My dream is to return to those places as an international student.可知，作者最大的愿望是在美国大学里学习。故选D。【4题详解】B细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句Although I didn't win any awards,the chairman praised me at the closing ceremony for my excellent performance.That made me fe

14、el really proud.可知，他被主席表扬因而感到自豪。故选B。BWhile small may be beautiful, tall is just plain uncomfortable it seems, particularly when it comes to staying in hotels and eating in restaurants.The Tall Persons Club Great Britain (TPCGB), which was formed six months ago to campaign for the needs of the tall,

15、has turned its attention to hotels and restaurants. Beds that are too small, shower heads that are too low, and restaurant tables with hardly any leg-room all make life difficult for those of above average height, it says.But it is not just the extra-tall whose needs are not being met. The average h

16、eight of the population has been increasing yet the standard size of beds, doorways, and chairs has remained unchanged.“The bedding industry says a bed should be six inches larger than the person using it, so even a king-size bed at 66 (6 feet and 6 inches) is falling short for 25% of men, while the

17、 standard 63 bed caters for less than half of the male population.” Said TPCGB president Phil Heinricy, “seven-foot beds would work fine.”Similarly, restaurant tables can cause no end of problems. Small tables, which mean the long-legged have to sit a foot or so away from them, are enough to make ta

18、ll customers go elsewhere.Some have already taken note, however. At Queens Moat Houses Caledoman Hotel in Edinburgh, 66beds are now put in as standard after requests for longer beds from taller visitors, particularly Americans.5. What is the purpose of the TPCGB campaign?A. To provide better service

19、s.B. To rebuild hotels and restaurants.C. To draw public attention to the needs of the tall.D. To attract more people to become its members.6. Which of the following might be a bed of proper length according to Phil Heinricy?A. 72.B. 7C. 66D. 637. What may happen to restaurants with small tables?A.

20、They may lose some customers.B. They may start businesses elsewhere.C. They have to find easy chairs to match the tables.D. They have to provide enough space for the long-legged.8. What change has already been made in a hotel in Edinburgh?A. Tall people pay more for larger beds.B. 66beds have taken

21、the place of 63beds.C. Special rooms are kept for Americans.D. Guest rooms are standardized.【答案】5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B【解析】说明文。主要讲述一个英国的高个子组织TPCGP在六个月以前向宾馆和酒店发起的针对高个子的一些特殊需求的活动。【5题详解】C 细节理解题。由第二段的which was formed six months ago to campaign for the needs of the tall, has turned its attention to hotels an

22、d restaurants.可知TPCGP是为了让公众注意高个子的一些特殊需求。【6题详解】B细节理解题。由倒数第三段Said TPCGB president Phil Heinricy, “seven-foot beds would work fine.”可知。【7题详解】A推理题。由倒数第二段的内容可知，如果饭店使用小的桌子，自然就失去了高个子这样一类群体的顾客。选A。【8题详解】B。细节理解题。ACD在文中均是无中生有，在文中无对应内容。由倒数第一段可知66beds are now put in as standard after requests for longer beds fro

23、m taller visitors, particularly Americans. B项正确。CCassandra Feeley finds it hard to manage on her husband's income. So this year she did something more than a hobby. She planted vegetables in her yard. For her first garden, Ms. Feeley has put in 15 tomato plants, and five rows of a variety of veg

24、etables. The family's old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next month. Last year, Ms. Rita Gartin kept a small garden. This year she has made it much larger because, she said, "The cost of everything is going up and I was looking to lose a few pounds too; so it&

25、#39;s a win-win situation all around."They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy, have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time. Others have increased the size of their existing gardens. Seed companies and garden shops say that

26、 not since the 1970s has there been such an increase in interest in growing food at home. Now many gardens across the country have been sold out for several months. In Austin, Tex, some of the gardens have a three-year waiting list.George C Ball Jr., owner of a company, said sales of vegetable seeds

27、 and plants are up by 40%, over last year, double the average growth of last five years. Mr. Ball argues that some of the reasons have been building for the last few years. The big one is striking rise in the cost on food like bread and milk, together with the increases in the price of fruit and veg

28、etables. Food prices have increase of higher oil price. People are driving less, taking fewer vacations, so there is more time to garden.9. What does the word "residents" in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?A. chickensB. tomatoesC. gardensD. people10. Why is vegetable gardening becoming incre

29、asingly popular?A. More Americans are doing it for fun.B. The price of oil is lower than before.C. There's a growing need for fruits.D. The cost of living is on the rise.11. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?A. Family Food PlanningB. Banking on GardeningC. A Belt-tighte

30、ning MoveD. Gardening as a Hobby【答案】9. A 10. D 11. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了越来越多的美国人在自家花园里种菜，分析出现这一现象的原因是由于生活成本的上升和经济的下降，人们不得不自己种菜以降低生活成本。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据本段中“The family's old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next month.”可知，Cassandra Feeley的旧房子成为了养鸡的地方，下个月新的居民就要来了。这里的新居民就

31、是指他们所养的鸡。故A项正确。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy, have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time.可知，菜园的出现是由于生活成本的上升以及经济的下降导致的。故D项正确。【11题详解】标题判断题。本文主要讲述了越来越多的美国人在自家花园里种菜，分析出现这一现象的原因是由于生活成本的上升和经济的下降。文章并没有涉

32、及家庭食物计划和紧缩活动，更不是把园艺当成爱好。B项与文章内容相关，故B项正确。【点睛】本文小题2属于推理判断题中较为简单的因果推断题，正是因为美国生活成本的提高以及经济的下降，导致人们需要自己种植蔬菜降低生活成本，才会出现把花园当成菜园的现象。上下文的因果关系是非常清楚的。此类因果推断题要求考生根据已知结果推测导致结果的可能原因或根据已有的原因推断可能的结果。考生要准确掌握文章的内涵，理解文章的真正含义。最关键的是要找准事物间存在的因果关系信息，根据已有信息，进行分析判断推理，从而推出最符合逻辑的原因或判断出最可能导致的结果。DBabies born in summer are more l

33、ikely to become short-sighted in late life, a study has shown.As many as a quarter of all cases of short-sightedness are caused by too great an exposure to sunlight in the first weeks of life, say eye experts.They are advising all parents to put sunglasses on their babies during the first weeks.Scie

34、ntists had already established that over-exposure to sunlight caused shortsightedness in animals.Researchers who compared the months in which babies were born with whether they needed glasses later on say the principle also applies to humans.A study of almost 300,000 young adults-the largest of its

35、kind-showed that those born in June and July had a 25 per cent greater chance of becoming severely short-sighted than those born in December or January.Research leader Professor Michael Belkin, of Tel Aviv University, said it was because prolonged illumination(光照) causes the eyeball to lengthen-caus

36、ing short-sightedness.Hence the more light a newborn is exposed to, the more the eyeball lengthens and the worse the short-sightedness will be.The mechanism which lengthens the eyeball is associated with levels of melatonin(褪黑激素), a pigment (色素) which protects the skin against harmful rays of the su

37、n.In young babies not enough melatonin is released as protection, meaning they are more_12_to sunburn and changes to eyeball shape.Sight expert Professor Daniel OLeary, of Anglia Ruskin University in Cambridge, said “At the moment we dont know the precise cause of why light exposure affects sight, b

38、ut the evidence seems to prove that it is one of the reasons for people becoming shortsighted.”12. Babies born in summer are more likely to be shortsighted _.A. because the summer sun is too strong for babiesB. because babies born in summer have lengthened eyeballsC. if they are exposed too much sun

39、light in the first weeks after they are bornD if parents dont know a proper way to protect their babies eyes13. Melatonin is a kind of material to _.A. prevent the eyes from becoming near-sightedB. protect the skin from harmful sun raysC. make our body strongD. protect babies eyes from summer sun14.

40、 From what Professor Daniel OLeary says we can conclude that _.A. there is no evidence that shortsightedness is related to exposure to sunlightB. whether light exposure affects sight still needs to be further provedC. he believes that light exposure can cause shortsightednessD. he tries to give the

41、cause of why light exposure affects sight15. The underlined word “vulnerable” in the passage probably means _.A. easy to be harmedB. resistantC. protectiveD. changeable【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A【解析】试题解析：研究表明在夏季出生的婴儿长大后更容易成为近视眼，眼科专家称多达四分之一的近视眼病例是由于在出生后前几周里暴露阳光太久造成。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段得知，眼科专家称：在夏季出

42、生的婴儿长大后更容易成为近视眼，因为由于婴儿在出生后前几周里暴露阳光太久造成。故选C 。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段The mechanism which lengthens the eyeball is associated with levels of melatonin(褪黑激素), a pigment (色素) which protects the skin against harmful rays of the sun.得知，褪黑激素是一种可以保护皮肤不受阳光紫外线伤害的色素。故选B 。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段得知，剑桥大学视学专家Daniel OLeary

43、教授相信暴露在阳光下会导致人们近视眼。故选C。【15题详解】猜测词义题。在婴幼儿时期，没有产生足够的褪黑激素作为保护，婴幼儿更容易被阳光灼伤，并且改变眼球的形状。故选A。考点：科研类文章第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Money MattersParents should help their children understand money. _16_So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in

44、buying things candy or toys, for example.1.The basic function of moneyBegin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services. It is important to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have. If he wants to have a toy，give him the m

45、oney and let him hand the money to the cashier（收银员)._17_When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money，you can start explaining more complex ways of using money.2.Money lessonsApproach money lessons with openness and honesty._18_ If you must say no to a child's req

46、uest to spend money，explain，“You have enough toy trucks for now.” Or，if the request is for many different things，say，“You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”3._19_Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands(品牌) of a producta name-brand butter and a generic（一般的），for exam

47、ple. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. _20_ If he chooses the cheaper brand，allow him to make another purchase(购买) with the money saved. Later，you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchas

48、es.A. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.B. Wise decisionsC. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.D. Tell your child why he canor cannothave certain things.E. The value of moneyF. Permit the child to choose between them

49、.G. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. F【解析】钱很重要，所以家长应该让孩子理解钱的问题，最好是在孩子对钱感兴趣是告诉他钱的作用、用途，以及如何聪明地花钱等。【16题详解】C考查上下文的理解和推理分析能力。根据下一句when your child shows an interest可知G项（教给孩子的钱的问题的最佳时间是当他表现出兴趣时。）符合语境。故选C. 【17题详解】A考查上下文的理解和推理分析能力。根据上一行If he

50、wants to have a toy，give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier（如果他想要一个玩具，就把钱交给他，让他把钱交给收银员。）可知A项（在离开玩具商店后，跟孩子谈论一下钱是如何买到东西的。）符合语境。故选 A.。【18题详解】D考查上下文的理解和推理分析能力。根据下一行If you must say no to a child's request to spend money，explain（如果你必须拒绝孩子的花钱要求，请解释）可知D（告诉孩子为什么能或不能买某些东西。）符合语境。 【19题详

51、解】B:考查上下文的理解和推理分析能力。本段内容是关于如何在不同的产品中做出明智的选择，所以B项（ 明智的选择）符合语境。 故选B.项。【20题详解】F考查上下文的理解和推理分析能力。根据后句的If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase(购买) with the money saved.可知这里是让孩子自己选择。可知F项（允许孩子在它们之间进行选择。）符合语境，故选F项。【名师点睛】七选五题型解题技巧考试说明对该题型命题目的的表述为“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”该

52、题型对学生的考察能力总体从两个方面来考察；第一，把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系。第二把握微观信息间关联性。（即空格前后句间关系。 该题型选项大致可分为：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）；过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。正确的解题思路分为两步： （1）首当其冲看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。（2）精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。而本大题主要的方法就是通过

53、对比前后句的内容从而选出正确的答案。（3）看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。（4） 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though,however 等。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I remember when my husband s

54、tarted coaching the basketball team at a local high school in Richmond, California.He had a(n)_21_for sports and loved working with kids.Sitting in the stands during the first game,I cried _22_joy as I watched him interact with the students.He seemed to_23_.On the car ride home,we both realized that

55、 he has a gift for_24_.Not just on the_25_,but also in the classroom.He_26_a well-paid job in finance,and went back to school to_27_his teaching certification.He landed a job teaching 8th grade US history to the amazing kids at Helms Middle School in San Pablo,California.He had found his occupation.

56、Little did I know that I would be in the_28_,too.My husband knows that I work for a software company that does stuff with 3D printing and that we get free tickets to Maker Faire（创客节）,but thats usually the extent of his interest m my profession.So I was_29_when he asked me to be a(n)_30_speaker in hi

57、s class that first year._31_I was planning my first lesson for his students,I asked myself, “What should I do?How do I integrate（融入）_32_,modeling and 3D printing into 8th grade US history?”I_33_my friends from Make magazine,read the local teacher blogs and thought I was_34_to go.But a_35_thing happened during my first lesson: I kind of failed.The end result,_36_,was better than I ever_37_.At the