2021-2022学年广东省广州市荔湾区四中聚贤中学八年级（上）开学英语试卷（附答案详解）

1、2021-2022学年广东省广州市荔湾区四中聚贤中学八年级（上）开学英语试卷一、单选题（本大题共5小题，共5.0分）1. 找出下列单词中划线部分的发音与其他不同的一项。（）a. h ostb. h otc. h obbyd. h oliday2. 找出下列单词中划线部分的发音与其他不同的一项。（）a. m anyb. anybodyc. fr eshd. actually3. 找出下列单词中划线部分的发音与其他不同的一项。（）a. le ssb. tenni sc. ourselve sd. nervou s4. 找出下列单词中划线部分的发音与其他不同的一项。（）a. disc ussb. u

2、sualc. comp uterde uniform5. 找出下列单词中划线部分的发音与其他不同的一项。（）a. achiev edb. mov edc. enjoy edd. check ed二、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共20.0分）my family spent a few weeks in london last year.we went there autumn.we think it is (7) the best season to visit england.the weather is usually quite good(8) there are too many tra

3、velers in october.we stayed in(9) small hotel in the west end.we(lo) most of our sightseeing on foot.we went to look at the places which all travelers would like(l l).we went shopping and spent too much money(12) a lot of things. what we liked most was going to the theatres.we didn't have the ch

4、ance to see such(13) plays at home.a lot of people say english food is very bad.we didn't think so.it is true that most of the restaurants(14) french,italian,or chinese,but britain has some very delicious meals.in fact,we enjoyed(15) there,so we have already decided to go there again next year.b

5、ut we are going to take our umbrellas.i'm sure well need them sometimes.6.a. onb. atc. ford. in7.a. seldomb. neverc. alwaysd. only8.a. andb. orc. ford. but9.a. anb. ac. thed./10.a. dob. doingc. didd. does11.a. to seeb. seec. sawd. seeing12.a. buyb. buyingc- boughtd. to buy13.a. interestb. intere

6、stsc. interestedd. interesting14.a. isb. werec. ared. be15.a. web. usc. ourd. ourselveson my way home i knocked into (撞上)a stranger as he passed by. "oh i'm terribly sorry.u i said,"that's right.please excuse me too； i wasn't even(16) you.i wish i didn't hurt you." we

7、were very( 17) we said goodbye and went on our way.but at home we often( 18)our loved ones in a different way.later that day,while i was cooking the evening meal,my daughter stood beside me very quietly.when i turned,! nearly(19) her down, "move out of the way," i shouted.she walked(20), w

8、ith tears in her eyes.while i lay in bed,i kept on thinking about that thing before supper.i felt that i shouldn't be so rude to my daughter.so i decided to(21) to say sorry to my daughter.on the way to her bedroom,to my surprise,! found some(22) by the door of the kitchen. at that time my tears

9、 began to fall.i quietly went and got down on my knees by her(23).she woke up and put her arms around my neck when kissed her.then i asked, "did you(24) these flowers for me?" she smiled,ni found them out by the tree.i picked them because they're pretty like you.i knew you'd like t

10、hem.i stood quietly in order to give you a surprise." "oh dear,fm really sorry for the way i acted today； i shouldn't have(25) at you'1."that's okay.mom,! love you anyway.'1i suddenly realized what a clever way it is to explain the word "family" like this： (f

11、) ather.16.a. savingb. helpingc. callingd. noticing17.a. sadb. angryc. polited. proud18.a. helpb. treatc. welcomed. tell19.a. putb. tookc. turnedd. knocked20.a. onb. awayc. throughd. into21.a. get onb. get upc. turn ond. turn up22.a. booksb. clothesc. flowersd. vegetables23.a. bedb. tablec. chaird.

12、sofa24.a. putb. pickc. buyd. borrow25.a. laughedb. shoutedc. shotd. aimed三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）athe colorful worldi can see a rainbow,glowing （发光） through the rain.i can see the people in a speeding train.i can see quite close,and i can see quite far.i can see forever when i see a star.i can hear t

13、he wind blow,trying to get in.i can hear a hungry cat,climbing on our bin.i can hear a whisper,and i can hear a scream.i can hear supporters,cheering for their team.i can smell the raindrops,falling on the grass.i can smell the paints and paper in my art class.i can smell a bad smell,also something

14、good.i can smell my parents cooking lovely food.i can taste an ice cream,creamy and so sweet.i can taste some strong cheese.i can taste a sour lime （酸橙）,also bitter tea.i can taste the salty air when i'm near the sea.26. when there is a game,the writer canpeople cheering for their team.a. seeb.

15、hearc. smelld. taste27. what can the writer smell in the art class? a. something bad and good.b. the lovely food.c. the raindrops.d. the paints and paper.28. what does the article mainly tell us? a. it mainly tells us four kinds of feelings.b. it mainly tells us the happy things in life.c. it mainly

16、 tells us the colorful worlds.d. it mainly tells us how to have a happy life.bchina's highly-respected translator and writer yang jiang passes away on may 25 in beijing,aged 105.yang graduated from dongwu university in suzhou,jiangsu,in 1932.she went to uk and france to study in 1935 and returne

17、d to china in 1938.yang wrote lots of works and most of them are still popular now.whafs more,yang finished a translation of "don quixote”.this made her first chinese t translate a whole book from spanish.her translation has been given as national gifts to visiting leaders of other countries.in

18、 2001, yang gave away royalties （版税）from books written by her husband qian zhongshu and herself worth 10 million yuan,to set up a scholarship fund （奖学金） to help poor students.bill gates is the former chairman of microsoft corporation,a worldwide leader in software and internet technologies.with his

19、friend paul allen,he founded microsoft in the 1970s.with the development of microsoft,he becomes one of the richest men in the world.in 1999 gates wrote a book named business the speed of thought.the book shows how computers can solve business problems in new ways.the book published in 25 languages

20、and is welcome in more than 60 countries.bill gates has made great contributions to education and health all over the world.he has given away about 21 billion dollars for education and health.when china was struck by co vid-19（新冠肺炎），he has also offered millions of dollars.29. where did yang jiang pa

21、ssed away? a. in shanghai. b. in jiangsu.c. in beijing.d. in zhejiang.30.a. english.b. spanish.c. french.d. german.in which language is don qiuxote written?31.a. in 1969.b. in 1965.c. in 1985.d. in 1975.when was microsoft corporation set up?32. what was the book business the speed of thought about ?

22、 a. how to solve business problems with computers differently.b. how to earn money.c. how to increase the speed of thought.d. how to be a successful person.chave you ever seen a solar panel （太阳能电池板）in your neighborhood? solar panels take energy from the sun and turn it into electricity.over the past

23、 ten years,the price of solar panels has gone down greatly.in many parts of the world,solar energy is now the cheapest form of electricity.more and more people have started using solar energy to power their homes.however,solar panels also have their problems.they stop working at night and on rainy d

24、ays.is it possible to make them produce electricity all of the time?scientists at suzhou university,china,have invented a new solar panel now.it can produce electricity not only from solar energy but also from falling rain.when a raindrop falls on the solar panel and then rolls down,it creates frict

25、ion （摩擦力）on the surface of the panel,which can then be turned into electricity.sun baoquan is one of the inventors. "our new invention can produce electricity in any weather during the day," he says. "it can even provide electricity at night if there is rain/'the solar panel,howev

26、er,does not take much electricity from falling rain.so sun baoquan is still working hard to improve it.the scientist also wants to make solar panels more flexible, which are as soft as clothing.the field of solar energy is developing fast.scientists around the world have been improving solar panels.

27、some have been working on ways to join solar panels and wind power together.some have been trying to use sunlight to produce liquid and gas fuels.33. what is one of the problems of the common solar panels? a. the price of them is rising.b. they can't work all of the time.c. they can hardly power

28、 people's homes.d. they only stop working at nights.34. why is the new solar panel more scientific and useful ? a. it has a large size and smoother surface.b. it can make much electricity from falling rain.c. in can provide electricity even in rainy conditions.d. the new solar panels are as soft

29、 as clothing.35. what does she underline word "flexible" mean in paragraph 5? a. 柔软的.b. 光滑的.c. 坚硬的.d. 粗糙的.36. we can infer （推断）from this text that.a. there is no room for developing solar energyb. "there is no end to research in the field of solar energyc. solar energy has completely

30、taken the place of other kinds of energyd. some have been working on ways to join solar panels and water energy together.dnot long ago,a senior high school student caught much attention at the second world laureates forum （世界顶尖科学家论坛）in shanghai.she is tan fanglin,a senior high school student from sh

31、anghai.the forum brought nearly 70 world's top scientists together to discuss important issues about science.besides the world's top scientists,the forum also invited many young scientists.tan fanglin was among them,and as a 15-year-old girl,she was the youngest member in the meeting.her res

32、earch has improved people's understanding of the connection between the fibonacci sequence and bezout number（斐波那契数列与贝祖数）.the findings have won her many prizes in youth innovation competition in shanghai and elsewhere in china.from a very young age,tan has always been crazy about math.this is lar

33、gely because of the influence of her father,who is a math teacher in east china normal university. according to tan's head teacher,she never takes after-school classes or too many exercises.her achievements come from her strong interest in math and the right study method.talking about her experi

34、ence,tan said "taking part in the wlf and communicating with great scientists face-to-face have further encouraged me to do scientific research.i like math and i dream of achieving good research results like the top scientists.to make my dream come true,i'll have to keep learning.'*37.

35、who has influences tan's interest in math largely ? a. her head teacher.b. her mother.c. her father.d. her friends.38. tan fanglin's achievements come from.a. taking after school classesb. a large number of extra exercisesc. her strong interest in math and the right study methodd. her father

36、's influence39. from the last paragraph,we can infer that.a. tan fanglin will keep doing scientific researchb. tan fanglin's findings haven't won prizesc. tan fanglin has no chance to communicate with top scientistsd. tan fanglin will take part in wlf40. what is the best title for the pa

37、ssage? a. a young scientist in china.b. the second world laureates forum.c. the youth innovation competition.d. the beauty of math.四、信息匹配(本大题共5小题，共5.0分)you have lots of things you*d like to do.but sometimes it's hard to get to the finish line just like your goal.how can you break your bad habits

38、 and develop good ones? here are a few opinions we often get from kids,followed by ideas that might help. i can't get away from screens.(2) if you usually spend time lying on the sofa and watching tv programs or a video when you're bored,go somewhere else instead.take a book to your room or

39、your violin to the backyard.or ask if you can help cook in the kitchen.(31start with "showing uph.then take one small step or do one tiny task,followed by another and another.for example,how do i practice playing the piano? first sit at it.then play one note at a time.starting with a super-simp

40、le step often helps.why? it's easy,quick,and gets you in action (4). i have no time.take a look at the choices you make about how you spend time.do those choices show what's important to you? can you spare 10 minutes a day to work on a goal? let's suppose you want to be a singer. (5) tal

41、k with a parent about why your goal counts.discuss whether you can let go of something less important to free up time to achieve it.a. then keep taking steps.b. i can't start such a huge goal.c. and how can you try to reach your goal?d. to change a habit,try changing where you spend your time.e.

42、 is it more important to practice singing than play video games?41.a. aeb. bc.cd. de.42.a. ab.bc. cd. de.e43.a. ab.bc.cd. de.e44.a. ab. bc.cd. de.e45.a. ab. bc.cd. de.e五、单词拼写/单词释义(本大题共6小题，共15.0分)46. there are three workers in the park now.they are working (1) h.one worker is(2) pa tree in a hole.the

43、 other two are (3) dholes in the ground,theyalso need to (4) wthe trees and clean the area for visitors.although the work isvery hard,they still feel very happy.they hope the whole city will (5) bgreener.so we should respect all the workers.47. 多么现代化的一栋建筑啊！the building is!48. 我不能同意你的观点。i cannotyou.4

44、9. 我曾经常常和我妈妈出门去看夜晚的星星。iwith my mom to look at stars at night.50 .她变得对科学感兴越。she becomesscience.51.从那天起，她每天早上都起的很早。, she gets up early every day.答案和解析1. 【答案】a【解析】h osthou st； h othd t； h obby' hd bi； h olidayf' hd lodei .根据各项中单词 的音标可知，划线部分在b, c, d选项中的发音是d,而在a选项中的发音是oul.a 项中划线部分读音与其余三个读音不同。故选：a

45、ohost主办；hqt热的；h obby爱好；h oliday假期。首先要掌握这儿个词的发音，然后根据具体的题目，就可以做正确选择.2. 【答案】d【解析】many' meni； anybody' enibodi； freshfref ； actually'缶ktj uoli.根据各 项中单词的音标可知，划线部分在a, b, c选项中的发音是e,而在d选项中的发音 是叫.d项中划线部分读音与其余三个读音不同。故选：dom any许多；anybody任何人；fr esh新鲜的；actually事实上。首先要掌握这几个词的发音，然后根据具体的题目，就可以做正确选择.3. 【

46、答案】c【解析】le ssles； tennis' teni s； ourselve s' auo' selvzj； nervou s' n3 : vos.根据 各项中单词的音标可知，划线部分在a, b, d选项中的发音是s,而在c选项中的发 音是z.c项中划线部分读音与其余三个读音不同。故选：cole她较少的；tenni s_网球；ourselve宣我们自己；nervou s_紧张的。首先要掌握这几个词的发音，然后根据具体的题目，就可以做正确选择.4. 【答案】a【解析】disc ussdi ' ska s； usual' ju： 3 uol；

47、 comp uterk9m' pju： to （r）；uniform' ju： ni fo : m.根据各项中单词的音标可知，划线部分在b, c, d选项中的发 音是uu：,而在a选项中的发音是a.a项中划线部分读音与其余三个读音不同。 故选：aodisc qss 讨论；usual 通常；comp uter 电脑；uniform 制服。首先要掌握这几个词的发音，然后根据具体的题目，就可以做正确选择.5. 【答案】d【解析】achieved。tj i： vd； movedmu： vdl： enjoy edi n' dj i d； checkedftf ektl. 根据各项

48、中单词的音标可知，划线部分在a, b, c选项中的发音是d,而在d选项中 的发音是t.d项中划线部分读音与其余三个读音不同。故选：doachiev ed_达到；mov ed 移动；enjoy ed 享受；check ed 检查。首先要掌握这几个词的发音，然后根据具体的题目，就可以做正确选择.6.【答案】【小题1】d【小题2】c【小题3】a【小题4】b【小题5】c【小题6】a【小题7】b【小题8】d【小题9】c【小题10 d【解析】（1） d介词辨析。a在上，b在，c为，d在里，根据in autumn在秋天, 是固定短语，故答案是d。（2）c副词辨析。a很少，b从不，c总是,d只，仅仅，根据we

49、 think it is （2）the best season to visit england.应该是我们认为这总是访问英格兰的最佳季节，故答案是co（3）a连词辨析。a和，b或者，c由于，d但是，根据。月份的天气通常都很好，旅 客太多了。表并列，故答案是a。（4）b冠词辨析。a（个），用于以辅音音素开头的单词前表示泛指；an -（个）， 用于以元音音素开头的单词前表示泛指；the定冠词，表示特指；/不填。根据语境：我 住在伦敦西区的一家小旅馆里。泛指，small首字母发音/s/是辅音音素，故答案是b。（5）c动词辨析。根据全文时态是一般过去时，动词要用过去式，故答案是c。(6) a非谓语动

50、词辨析。根据would like to do sth想做某事，是固定用法，故答案是a。(7) b动词辨析。根据spend time doing sth花费时间做某事，是固定短语，故答案是b。(8) d形容词辨析。a动词或名词，b动词或名词，c形容词，修饰人，d形容词，修 饰物，根据plays是名词，前面要用形容词，修饰物，故答案是d。(9) c动词辨析。根据后面but britain has some可知时态是一般现在时，主语是复数, be动词要用are,故答案是c。(10) d代词辨析。根据enjoyed oneself玩得开心，是固定短语，要用反身代词，故答 案是d。本文主要介绍了作者的一

51、家在去年的秋天去伦敦旅行，这个时节气候好、游客少，旅行 便利，他们在伦敦观赏名胜、购物、看戏剧、吃可口的食物等，并且打算明年再来游玩。考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个 符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。16.【答案】【小题11 d【小题2】c【小题3】b【小题4】d【小题5】b【小题6】b【小题7】c【小题8】a【小题9】b【小题10 b【解析】(1) d考查动词。saving拯救；节省；helping帮助;calling打电话；noticing 注意。根据上文 on my way home i knocked into (撞上)a stranger a

52、s he passed by.在回家 的路上，我撞到了一个路过的陌生人。可知，因为没有注意到，所以会撞到对方。句意： 我甚至没有注意到你。故选d。(2) c考查形容词。sad伤心的；angry生气的；polite有礼貌的；proud骄傲的。根据 上文 oh i'm terribly sorry." i said,"that's right.please excuse me too； i wasn't even (1) youi wish i didn't hurt you.”'可知，”我”和那个陌生人都非常的有礼貌。句意:我们都很 有

53、礼貌。故选c。(3) b考查动词。help帮助；treat对待；welcome欢迎；tell告诉。根据句意可知，这 里表示我们对待爱的人的方式不同。句意：但是在家里，我们经常用不同的方式对待我 们所爱的人。故选b。(4) d考查动词。put放下；安置；took带走；turned转身；knocked敲，撞。根据上 文”my daughter stood beside me very quietly.*'可知，”我''的女儿悄悄地站在”我”旁边，所 以当我转身的时候，差点把她撞倒。knock-down撞倒，是固定短语。句意：当我转身 的时候，我差点把她撞倒。故选d。(5)

54、b考查副词。on在上面；away离开；through穿过；into到里面。根据上文” 'move out of the way； i shouted.,h,可知，”我”让女儿走开，所以这里女儿走开了。句意：她走开 了，眼睛里含着泪。故选b。(6) b考查动词短语。get on ±车；get叩起床；turn on打开；turn叩把声音开大；出 现。根据上文while i lay in bed,./*可知，”我”已经上床了，这时想去跟女儿道歉，所以 应该是”起床”。句意：所以我决定起来对女儿道歉。故选b。(7) c考查名词。books书；clothes衣服；flowers花；ve

55、getables蔬菜。根据下文 then i asked, "did you (9) these flowers for me? ”可知，女儿给”我”摘 了一些花儿。句意： 令我吃惊的是，在去她卧室的路上，我发现在厨房门口有一些花。故选c。(8) a考查名词。bed床；table桌子；chair椅子；sofa沙发。根据语境n0n the way to her bedroom-she woke叩”可知，”我”去了女儿的卧室，而且那时候女儿已经睡着了，所以 这里应该是表示在床边。句意：我悄悄地走过去，在她床边跪下来。故选a。(9) b考查动词。put放；pick摘；拾起；buy买；bor

56、row借。根据下文i picked them because they're pretty like you.可知，女儿给”我"摘了一些花。句意："那些 花是你摘给我的吗？ ”故选b。(10) b考查动词。laughed笑；shouted大喊;shot射击;aimed目标，目的。根据上 文“move out of the way, ”1 shouted"可知，”我”对着女儿大喊,这里向女儿道歉。句意： 我不应该朝你大声喊。故选b。本文主要介绍了我们平时对待陌生人很有礼貌但是我们经常用不同的方式对待我们所 爱的人。作者讲述了自己粗鲁的对待女儿的故事。考查完形

57、填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个 符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。26.【答案】【小题11 b【小题2】d【小题3】c【解析】(1) b。细节理解题。根据"i can hear supporters,cheering for their team'*我能听 到支持者在为他们的球队欢呼。可知是b项符合题意。故选：b。(2) do 细节理解题。根据"i can smell the paints and paper in my art class11 在美术课上我 能闻到颜料和纸的味道。可知d符合题意。故选：do(3) co主旨大意题。根

58、据标题”the colorful world”五彩缤纷的世界。可知是c项符合 题意。故选：co文章通过看、听、闻、尝四种感觉介绍了多姿多彩的世界。做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。 推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。29.【答案】【小题1 c【小题2】b【小题3】d【小题4】a【解析】(1)c。细节理解题。根据 chinafs highly-respected translator and writer yang jiang passed away on may 25 in beijing,aged 105.可知 5 月 25 日，