初二英语上册知识点概括181

1、初一英语学问点概括初二上册英语（ 2021 年秋季版）语法、短语和学问点概括unit 1 where did you go on vacation.1. 本单元的话题：谈论假期活动内容，复习一般过去时；本单元的语法： 1. 复习一般过去时； 2. 学习不定代词和不定副词的用法；2. 不定代词和不定副词的用法：（ 1）左边的 some、any、every 、no 与右边的 body、one、thing 构成不定代词，some、any、every 、no 与右边的疑问副词 where 构成不定副词；（ 2）一般情形下以 some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于确定句，以 any 开头的不定代词和不定副

2、词用于否定句、疑问句；以 no 开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义（ no one 为两个单词）；（ 3）不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面；he has something important to do. 他有重要的事情要做；（确定句用something ，形容词 important 放后）did you buy anything special. （一般疑问句用 anything ，形容词 special放后）did you go anywhere interesting last month.上个月你去令人感爱好的地方了吗？ 一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词

3、 interesting放后（ 4）不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式；everone is here today.今日每个人都在这里；本单元的短语和学问点：1. go on vacation去度假go to the mountains上山/ 进山2. stay at home 呆在家 go to the beach 去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp 去参观夏令营 3. study for tests为考试而学习备 考 go out 出 去初一英语学问点概括4. quite a few相当多 , 不少（后跟可数名词复数）t ake

4、photos照相 most of the time大部分时间5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物6. taste good.尝起来很好taste （尝起来）、 look （看起来）、 sound（听起来）为感官动词，后跟形容词7. have a goodgreatfun time过得兴奋，玩得开心（ =enjoy oneself） 8. go shopping去购物9. nothingbut+动词原形：除了之外什么都没有he had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做；10. seem

5、to do sth:似乎i seem to know him.我似乎熟悉他； seem+（to be ） +形容词：看起来the work seems （to be ） easy. 这工作看起来很简单；11. keep a diary记日记12. arrivein+ 大地方：达到某地（ get to +地方：达到某地）arrive at+小地方：达到某地get的过去式为 got如是 arrive和 get 后跟 home、there 、here 三个地点副词，后面的介词inatto必需去掉；tom got home yesterday evening=tom arrived home yest

6、erday evening.昨晚汤姆到家；13. decide to do sth:打算做某事 14. try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to dosth. 尽力去做某事15. feel like给的感觉；感受到16. in the past在过去walkaround 四处走走enjoy doing sth:宠爱做某事difference名词，差异，差别 -different形容词，不同的 18.start doing sth：开头做某事（= start to do sth）19.19.over an hour一个多小时（ over 超过，余外 = more than）20. t

7、oo many太多，后接可数名词复数；too much太多，后跟不行数名词，初一英语学问点概括修饰动词作状语；much too太，后跟形容词或副词，辨论三者的口诀：too much, muchtoo,用法区分看后头 :much 后接不行数 ,too后修饰形或副； too many要记住，后面名词必复数；21. because of由于, 后接名词、代词或动名词（即动词+ing ），不能接句子；because由于，后跟句子；he was late for school because of getting up late.他由于起晚而上学迟到；（ get 为动词）= he was late fo

8、r school because he got up late.22. enough足够的 与名词连用，一般放在名词前he has enough money .23. enough足够的 与形容词或副词连用， enough 放在后面； he is old enough to go to school.24. forgetdoing sth.遗忘已经做过某事（已经做完）forgetto do sth.遗忘去做某事（仍未做）forget的过去式为 forgot25. so+ 形容词 +that+ 句子：如此以至于too+ 形容词 +to do sth：太以至于不能形容词 +enough to do

9、 sth：足够能够做某事（留意三个句型有时可以互换） he is so young that hecantgo to school.= he is too young to go to school.= heisn told enough to go to school.unit 2 how often do you exercise.本单元的话题：谈论生活习惯，复习一般现在时；本单元的语法： 1. 复习一般现在时； 2. 学习表示频率副词的用法；主要频率副词的等级排序：always 总是 > usually 通常 > often常常 >sometimes 有时 > h

10、ardly ever很少 > never从不初一英语学问点概括这些副词在句子中的位置，一般放在助动词、be 动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前；即： “ 行”前“ 助 系 ” 后； peter is always late for school.peter 上学总是迟到；i usually do my homework in the evening.我通常在晚上做作业；提问 always, sometimes, twice a day等频率副词，用how ofteni watch tv every day.我每天都看电视how often do you watch tv.你多长时间看一次电

11、视？ 本单元的短语和学问点：1.on weekends 在周末go to the movies去看电影help withhousework 帮忙做家务 how often 多久一次 hardly ever 几乎从不2.once a week 每周一次 twice a week 每周两次 every day 每天 use the internet 用互联网be free有空are you free on weekends.你周末有空吗？4. stay up late熬夜 at least至少 go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动5. after school

12、放学后6.want sth：需要某物 he wants a new pen.他想要一支新钢笔；want to do sth:想做某事 he wants to watch tv after school.放学后他想去看电视；want sb to do sth:让某人做某事 my mother wants me get up early.妈妈让我早起；7. be good for对有好处be bad for对有害处8. play computer games打电子嬉戏go camping去野营9.ask sb about sth：问某人某事my parents often ask me about

13、 my study. 我的父母常常问我的学习情形；10. in ones spare time在某人业余时间he studies english in hisspare time.11.p13，2b” 数字+percent of+名词”做主语时，后面的单词取决于名词的情形；如名词为复数，后面的动词用复数形式；如名词为单数或不可数名词，后面的动词用单数形式；初一英语学问点概括in our class ,twenty of students are boys.thirty of water is dirty.12. notat all:一点儿也不（not 构成否定句） i don tlike th

14、e movie at all.13. go online上网=surf the internet14.the answer to+名词：的答案16. the best way to do sth:做某事的 最好 方式the best way to learn english is speaking english.学习英语的最好方法是说英语 .17. such as比如 （后跟名词或名词短语）for example例如（后跟句子）he likes fruits,such as apples,bananas and so on.他宠爱水果，例如苹果、香蕉等；he has some good wa

15、ys to study english,for example ,he often listens to tapes.19.more than =over超过，余外go to the dentist去看牙医unit 3 i'm more outgoing than my sister.本单元的话题：谈论事物对比，学习形容词比较级；本单元的语法：学习形容词比较级；（语法：见课本第113 页至 115 页）本单元的短语和学问点：1.play+the +乐器play the drums打鼓比 较 play + 球类playbasketball打篮球bothand两者都 后面的动词用复数形式

16、both tom and jim are students.3.be good at+名词 代词v ing:善于，在某方面做得好7. be like:像the books are like friends.书像伴侣；8. make friends with sb：（和某人）交伴侣enjoy doing sth:宠爱做某事9. be different from与不同 my brother is different from me.我弟弟与我不一样；初一英语学问点概括10. help sb to do sth:帮忙某人做某事常与 help sb with sth在某方面帮忙某人 互换he oft

17、en helps me（ to ） learn english.他常常帮忙我学习英语；= he often helps me with my english.他常常在英语方面帮忙我；help to do sth:帮忙做某事 he often helps（ to ）cook at home.他常常在家帮忙做饭；13.be good with sb:与某人相处很好14.information（ n. 消息，信息）不行数名词unit 4 what's the best movie theater.本单元的话题：谈论事物对比，学习形容词和副词的最高级；本单元的语法：学习形容词和副词的最高级；本

18、单元的短语和学问点：1.welcome to+ 地点：欢迎来到某地 welcome to our school. 欢迎来我校；2.what do you think of sth.=how dou you like sth.你认为 . 怎么样？ 3.watch sb do sth: 观察某人做了某事（ = see sb do sth ）4. 比较级别 +and+ 比较级：越来越（如比较级为 more+形容词原级，就为： more and more 形容词原级） the buildings are taller and taller. ourschool is getting more and

19、more beautiful.5. around the world全世界 =all over the world,such as例如unit 5 do you want to watch a game show.本单元的话题：谈论自己对天使节目或电影的喜好，学会表达自己的感受；本单元的语法：复习一般现在时；本单元的短语和学问点：1. what do you think of sth.=how dou you like sth.你认为怎么样？what do you think of the movie.你认为这部电影怎么样？it is boring无聊；2. mind doing sth:介意

20、做某事3. news 不行数名词，消息，信息 a初一英语学问点概括piece of good news一条好消息4.learn sth from sb:向某人学习（某物）5.plan to do sth:方案做某事（ plan 的过去式 planned, 现在分词planning ）6.hope to do sth:期望做某事8. favorite 形容词，最宠爱的 = likebestmy favorite shows are talk shows.我最宠爱的节目是谈话节目；=i like talk shows best.9. expect to do sth:期望做某事10.think o

21、f认为，想起 he often thinksof his teachers.11.in the 1930s:在二十世纪三十岁月（ 1930 年至 1939年）10.12.one of +可数名词复数：之一（该短语放在句首做主语时，后面的动 词用单数形式） one of the students has an english dictionary.这些同学中一个人有英语字典；14. luck名词，幸运 , 运气 lucky形容词 , 幸运的 -unlucky 形容词 , 不幸的15. be ready to do sth愿意做某事16.try ones best（to do sth）: 尽力（做

22、某事）unit6 im going to study computer science.本单元的话题：谈论自己将来的方案或准备；本单元的语法：学习一般将来时be going to do sth；本单元的短语和学问点：1. 词性转换 ：science 名词，科学 scientist（名词，科学家）violin（名词，小提琴） -violinst（名词，小提琴家） piano （名词，钢琴）- pianist（名词，钢琴家） 2.grow up成长，长大3.be good at+名词代词 动词+ing: 善于he is good at math,but he isnt good atspeakin

23、g english.他善于数学，但是不善于说英语；4.keep on doing sth:连续做某事5.be sure about:确信，对有把握his mother isnt sure about his study.他的妈妈对他的学习没有把握；6. move to +地点：搬（家）到某地7. take singingacting lessons初一英语学问点概括上唱歌课上表演课 =have singingacting lessons8. send sb sth = sendsth to sb寄 送给某人某物his grandfather often sends him money；= hi

24、s grandfather often sendsmoney to him.9. learn to do sth学会做某事10. play the piano弹钢琴 make the soccer team组建足球队get goodgrades 取得好的成果eat healthier food吃更健康的食品get lots ofexercise进行大量锤炼11. foreign language外国语言12. study hard努力学习most of thetime 大多数时间14. get back from+地点：从回来he will get back from beijing in 3

25、days.at the beginning of在开头的时候 , write down写下/ 登记，17. different kinds of不同种类的have to do with关于，与有关系 , take up开头从事20. too+形容词 +to do sth：太以至于不能so+形容词 +that+ 句子：如此以至于形容词 +enough to do sth：足够能够做某事（留意三个句型有时可以相互转换）he is so young that hecantgo to school.他如此年轻以至于不能去上学；= he is too young to go to school.他太年轻

26、了以至于不能去上学；= he isn told enough to go to school.22. make sb+ 形容词：让某人怎么样the good news made us happy.（留意：news为不行数名词）23. how to do better at school为“ 疑问词 +不定式 ” 即“疑问词 +to do sth ”he didnt know when to start.他不知道什么时候开头；24.go touniversity去上高校初一英语学问点概括unit 7 will people have robots.本单元的话题：谈论对将来的语言，学习一般将来时w

27、ill do sth；本单元的语法：学习一般将来时will do sth；一般将来时由 “助动词 will / shall +动词原型 ” 构成，表示将来某个时间 要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语如tomorrow 、next week，in 2 days2天之后 等连用；（ shall用于第一人称， will可以用于各种人称；）will not= wont一般疑问句：把确定句中的will提到句首即可；以上两句的一般疑问句为：will you visit the old man next week. yes,we will.no, we wont .否定句：把确定句中的will

28、变为 wont即可；以上两句的否定句为：we wont visit the old man next week. she wont finish the work in 2 weeks.本单元的短语和学问点：1. there be 结构： there beis/are/was/were+ 某物/ 某人+某地/ 某时“there be 结构”的一般现在时： there is/are+ 某物/ 某人+某地/ 某时there are 600 students in our school.在我们学校有 600 个同学； 一般过去时： there was/were+ 某物/ 某人+某地/ 某时 ther

29、e was a schoolten years ago.一般将来时： there will be+某物/ 某人+某地/ 某时.= there is going tobe+ 某 物 / 某 人 + 某 地 / 某 时 . there will be a sport meeting next week.=there is going to be a sport meeting next weeek.下周将有场运动会；2.on computers在电脑上 , on paper在纸上3.a few +可数名词复数：有一些、有几个a little +不行数名词：有一些few +可数名词复数：几乎没有（表

30、示否定）little+不行数名词：几乎没有（表示否定）many+ 可数名词复数：很多，很多few的比较级是 fewer ,little的比较级 是 less much+不行数名词：很多，很多manymuch的比较级都是 morethere will be less polution in the future.在将来将会有更少的污染；初一英语学问点概括（polution为不行数名词）we should plant more trees.我们应当种更多的树；（tree为可数名词） there will be fewer cars in the future.在将来将会有更少的汽车；（car为可数

31、名词）4.in （ great ）danger 在（极度）危急中on the earth在地球上 save theearth挽救地球6.in+ 一段时间：在之后（多用于一般将来时）he will come back in 2 days.两天之后他将回来； how soon will he comeback.多久他将回来？句型 there isare sb doing sth.有某人正在做某事；there is a cat eating fish.10.hundreds of+名词：成百上千的，很多（表示模糊数字）数字+ hundred + 名词：几百（表示详细数字）he has hundred

32、s of book.他有很多书； he bought two hundred books.他买了二百本书；12.at some point:在某些方面free time闲暇时间in ones freetime 在某人闲暇时间unit 8 how do you make a banana milk shake.本单元的话题：描述做事情的次序和过程；（first第一,next下面,then 然后,finally最终）本单元的语法：复习一般现在时；本单元的短语和学问点：1p57,1a turn on打开turn up调大turn off关上turn down调小2. how many+可数名词复数：

33、多少how much+不行数名词：多少he has eight books.他有八本书；how many books does he have.他有多少初一英语学问点概括本书？3. 量词的用法：不行数名词常用“数字+量词+不行数名词 ” 来表示；如： a piece of bread一片面包比较： two pieces of bread两片面包（ bread为不行数名词）a glass of orange一玻璃杯橘子汁one spoon of butter一勺黄油5.one more thing = another one thing基数词 + more +名词 = another+ 基数词

34、+名词：又多少某物he ate an apple,he wanted to eat two more apples.7.its time for sbto do sth是某人该做某事的时间了；it s timefor us to have lunch.it s time for sth是该做某事的时间了；it s time for the class.是该上课的时候了；unit 9 can you come to my party.本单元的话题：学会发出、接受或拒绝邀请；本单元的语法：复习情态动词；本单元的短语和学问点：1. on saturday afternoon在星期六下午，在详细哪一天

35、的是上午、下午或晚上用 on,2. have to必需（后跟动词原形） he has to get up early.他必需早起；（一般疑问句） does he get up early. yes,he does.no,he doesnt.（否定句） he doesnthave toget up early.他没有必要早起；4.sth=want sth想要某物jim would like a new pen.would liketo do sth=want to do sth想做某事hed liketo watch tv.would you like to do sth .你情愿做 .？（用来

36、提出建议或征求对方看法）-would you like to go shopping with me .你想和我一起去买东西吗？初一英语学问点概括-yes,id love to， but i m doing my homework.我想去 , 但是我现在正在做家庭作业；=sorry, im doing my homework.特别愧疚，我正在做家庭作业； 5.prepare for sth为做预备go to the doctor去看病 have the flu患流感 help my parents给父母帮忙have an exam考试6. until的用法 :<1> 如动词为连续性

37、动词就用确定句式 he studied until 21:00pm.他始终学习到晚上九点；<2>如动词为非连续性动词，就用not.until.（直到；才；）he didnt go to bed until his father came back.他始终到他爸爸回来才上床睡觉；10.study for a math test为数学考试做预备go to the party参与聚会 11.whats today.今日几号？ its monday,the 14th.今日星期一，十四号；补充： what day is it today.今日星期几？its monday 今日星期一；what

38、 s the date today.今日几月几日？ it s october 20th .今日 10月 20 日；12. go to the doctor去看病 have a piano lesson上钢琴课13. look after照看，照管=take care ofshe is old to look after his brother她足够大了能够照看她的弟弟；take good care of =look afterwell好好照管，好好照管 we should take good care of the children.= we should look after the chi

39、ldren well.感叹句的类型： whataan+adj+可数名词单数（ +主语+谓语）！ what +adj+ 可数名词复数不行数名词（+主语+谓语）！whata fine day it is .多么好的天啊！（day 为可数名词单数）whatan interesting book it is .多么好玩的一本书啊！（book 为可数名初一英语学问点概括词单数）what beautiful flowers they are .多么美丽的花啊！（flowers为可数名词复数）whatbad weather it is.多么糟糕的天气啊！（ weather 为不行数名词） how +adj

40、+ 主语+（谓语中的）系动词！how +adv +主语+（谓语中的）实义动词！how happy i am. 我多麽兴奋啊！（happy 为 adj,am 为系动词）how hard they are working .他们工作多么努力啊！（hard 为 adv,work 为实义动词）点拨：陈述句改为感叹句，可以采纳“ 一判、二定、三移 ”； 一判：是判定出陈述句谓语动词后的中心词的词性（ adj advn）；二定：是依据判定出来的结果来确定引导词（中心词为名词用what；中心词为 形容词或副词用how；）三移：就是把主语和谓语移到后面；留意：在感叹句中，不得显现so,very ， very

41、much 等表示程度的单词；例如：our school is beautiful .一判： beautiful为形容词；二定： beautiful为形容词，用 how 来引导；三移：把 our school is移到 how beautiful后面，即为感叹句how beautifulour school is.he is a clever boy.一判： boy 为名词；二定： boy 为名词，用 what 来引导；三移：把he is移到what a clever boy后面，即为感叹句what a clever boy he is.he studies english well.一判： w

42、ell为副词；二定： well为副词，用 how 来引导；三移：把hestudies移到 how well后面，即为感叹句how well he studies.练习：将以下句子变为感叹句； theroom is very bright. we live a happy life today.itis a nicepresent.初一英语学问点概括thisis difficult problem.she played the piano wonderfully.16. ） the best way to do sth:做某事的（最好）方法17.thanksfor+ 名词v.ing:为什么而感谢

43、18.take a trip参与郊游， at the end of this month在本月底19. go back to+地点：回到某地he will go back to beijing in 2 days.两天后他将回北京；20. have a surprise party for sb为某人举办一个惊喜的晚会21. without+名词 代词 v.ing：没有he can t finish the work without our help.（ help 为名词）he went to school without having breakfast.他没有吃早饭就去上学；（ have

44、为动词）24. look forward to +名词 代词v.ing：期望，希望25. hear from sb.收到某人的来信= receive a letter from sb.27.the opening of：开幕 / 开业 28. 在详细哪一天的上午、下午、晚上用on, 比较：in the morning在早晨on sunday morning在星期天的早晨29.invite sb to +地点: 邀请某人去某地（ invite - invitation） invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事31.reply to sth / sb：回答某事 / 回答某人go sh

45、opping购物， dohomework做家庭作业unit 10 if you go to the party, youll have a great time.本单元的话题：谈论事情可能的结果；本单元的语法：在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来 即主将从现；if you go to the party,we will have a great time从句（一般现在时）主句一般将来时 说明：在条件状语从句，时间状语从句中，如主句用一般将来时，从句就用一般现在时表示将来 -简称主将从现初一英语学问点概括if it is fine tomorrow,ill visit shanghai区分:

46、宾语从句如主句为一般现在时，从句可以依据需要用任何时态i thinki”ll finish the work in 2 days.我认为我在两天内将完成这项工作；主句（一般现在时）宾语从句填空： i think shecomehere tomorrow. if hecome here,icallyou.本单元的短语和学问点：1.have a great /good time玩的高兴stay at home呆在家里 take thebus 乘公交车， go to the party参与晚会tomorrow night明天晚上 talk about sth谈论某事have a class party开班级晚会have a class meeting开班会6.plan to do sth 方案做某 they are planning to go shopping. 他们正在方案购物； 7. （p74,2b）half the class 全班一半人 ,make some food 做食物8.ask sb. to do sth请某人做某事 my parents often ask me to