试验使用NIM服务恢复mksysb备份

1、学习实验：使用 NIM服务恢复 mksysb备份使用条件：在对客户服务器进行更换硬件或者升级微码的过程中，由于各种操作都有可能带来风险性，引起系统宕机，所以在操作前必须进行系统备份，以便在意外发生时能够及时的进行补救，一般采用mksysb命令直接备份到磁带机上，但是当客户现场不能提供磁带机时，也应该做一个文件的mksysb备份，然后通过 FTP拷出来，以备不时之需。使用方法：在意外发生后，可以采用mkcd的方式将备份的 mksysb刻录成光盘进行恢复，也可以通过搭建 NIM服务器的方法，使用网络来进行mksysb的恢复。注意点：1.在用FTP协议传送mksysb文件时，一定要采用二进制的方式传

2、输。2 .在使用NIM恢复时，NIM服务器的AIX版本必须高于 mksysb中的AIX版本。3 .如果要停止 NIM ,先 smit nim ,然后 Perform NIM Administration Tasks Unconfigure NIM ,然后就可以卸载之前安装上的软件包，具体安装了什么软件包， 请在安装的时候先记录好。一、NIM搭建过程：4 .使用lslpp -l |grep nim查看系统中是否已经安装了NIM所需的相关软件包：用 lslpp -V grp mmbos. sysmgt. n-imr cl I ent6.1. 2.0CommittedNetworkinstallMa

3、nager-bo5. sysmgr. ni m. mast ercomviittedNetworkinstallManager-bos.sysmgt.nim.spotCOMMITTEDnetworkInstal1Manager- SPOTbcis.5ysmgt.rrim.cIlErtticwi工tte口networkinstallManager-如果没有以上几个软件包，教程说明要用光盘安装bos.sysmgt.nim.master和 bos.sysmgt.nim.spot两个软件包，则找到相应的光盘放到光驱中，然后使用smit install安装软件包

4、。但是在实际实验过程中，需要一起安装以上两个，以及bos.sysmgt.nim.client 三个软件包但是在我的实验过程中，由于采用虚拟的LPAR环境，而且没有光驱和光盘，所以在安装以上软件包得过程中是从AIX6.1的光盘镜像里提取的bos.sysmgt文件，放到相应的目录并安装后，用lslpp T |grep nim也能正常的看到以上4个软件包已经安装，但是在初始化 NIM 环境的时候，出现了 0042-002 nimconfig: error signal number 11 received - processing aborted的错误，后来，在安装软件包的时候，把我这个bos.sy

5、smgt里面包含的10个软件包全部安装上去，就解决了该问题，不知道什么原因。（后找到原因为要安装上面说的三个软件包一起，不管 client是否已经安装）软件包列表如下toooooooooo 9 *m 2 2 2 z 2 2 2 2 2 o vrfx 一I L X 11 1 11 L 6.6.6B6s6s6s.s(aLLta bure the inim Environmenthi UTM Software Install at -i on and 'Man rrt enance T&.S k sFilesystem quota conmandsLicense Man

6、sgenentwetwork install Manager - client ToolsNetwork insrall Manager - Kasrer ToolsNetwork install Manager - spotSoftware Error Logging and Dump service AidsSoftware Trace Service Aidssysterri Backup and B05 irstall uri 1 ixiesSystem Management Tnterface Tool (5MTT) Trace ReporL GUT5 .在软件包安装完以后，教程说要

7、重启，则按照要求重启过，不知是否有必要6 .安装完软件包并且把mksysb文件拷贝的本机后，开始搭建NIM环境。7 .首先，要在/etc/hosts文件里面定义 NIM服务器和客户端的别名及IP地址的对应关系,有了这个才能正常工作，比如：0 nimserver0 nimclient8 .然后，使用smitnim进入菜单，初始化 NIM环境，依次选择：Move cursor to ctesi rad item and pres与 Enter,perform mim Admi ni str at i on Taskscreare 工尸L 代QM Emul

8、ation Media NIM POWLR? ToolsThi ri server Man ntenanceMove cursor to desired item and press Enter.Advanced confiquritiohcc门flgcrr a 3asic nhm Environment (Easy startup)Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.initialize the nim Master onCreate BasicTnstal1 atnon ResourcesCreate create DefineDi sk

9、i ess -Datal ess cl n ent Resources nim system Bundles for inral1afion nlm clienr Machines6.Type or eel values in enxry fields.PR55 Enter after maki ng all aesired changes*Networ k NamePriinmry MEtwcirk 工门三tall 二门七总厂干义工2Allow Machines to Register Alternat& Port Numbers for (reserved values 】 cl

10、ient Regi str ar-i on client communicationsThemselves as Clients? Network C6mmunleations be used if 1 efr blank)Eritry Flel dsest_nameyes 口在这里，只需要填写带星号的两项，第一项为该NIM的名字，随便取，第二项为选择对外服务的网卡，根据情况选择即可。完成NIM环境的初始化之后，开始为NIM服务器建立资源，也先从 smit nim开始，过程如下：wove cursor to desired irem and pres Enter,Configure the N

11、IM EnvironnentPerform nim 5oftware Instai 1 atIon and Mainrenance TasksPerform NIM Adminitration TasksCreate TPL ROM Emulation MediaNIM POWERS TOO1S Thin Server wainrenanceMove cursor to desired IreiTi and p巨弓与 Enter.Manage NetworksManage MMuhfnasManaae Resourcesmanage GroupsBackup/Resrore the nim D

12、atabase confi qure nim Envlranmenr options Rebui1d the niminfo File on the Master change the Master's Primary interface Manage Alternate waster Environment unconfi gure nimMove cursor ZQ desired item and press Enxer.Li st Al 1 Network Instal1 ResourcesDefine a ResourcejChange/Shoi< Characteri

13、st-ies of a Rsour show rhe contenrs of a. ResourceReinove a ResourcePerform Operations on Resources verify Resources在弹出的资源类型中，选择我们要用到的mksysb类型:Resource TypeMove cursortodesired item and press Enter. use arrow keys to scroll.spot root paging dump home shared_hcme tmp exclude_f11es -lpp_souirce 1nstal

14、lp_bundle flxbundle bosinsx.diita Imagie.daTashared par ent parent parent parentProduct object Tree - e directory for c1ient / directory for cli&nT directory for clientuivalent to /usr file(root) director!esng f11qsrilesdirectory for clienx /home directories/home directory shared by clientspar e

15、nt di r ectory far client /tmp directori esfiles to be exc1uded when creating a mksysb or savev source device for optioral product imagesan Installp bundle f 11 eVIfix (keyword) Input file for the cust or fix_guery o carfig rile U5Rd during base 5y51gm in51ali矶ion corfig file usud during system 1 ns

16、tal 1 ati on corfig file used during volume group restorafi onsen pt resolv_匚nnf savevg adapter_def 11nux_source devexports savepar secattrs wpar_spec fb_script "logan executaMe file whi ch i s executed on a clientconfiguration fi1c for name-server Infornationa savevg imagedirectory containing

17、secondary adapter definition fi resource containing Li nux install ation i mages device handling file used during wpar Installation a workload partition backup imagesecurity privi 7eges file used during wpar instal1ati general specification file used during wpar Install a an executable scrl pt added

18、 to , etc/fl r st boot and r iin parent dir ectory for client /var/adm/r as di rectoriesFlHelpEsc+8=image /=Fi ndF?=Refreh E5C+O=EX1X n=Find nextF3=cancel Enter=DoCnrry FieT ds JnameType or select values In entry fie-!ds, Pres5 Enter after making mil desired changes.* Resource Name* Resource Type, s

19、erver of Resourcenfs client securitymethod NFS version Access commentssource for ReplicationPR-5y5ien Backup image creation opt-ions:Create system backup imagie?HIM CLIENT to backupPREVIEW only?ignore space requirements?expand /tmp needed?create map files?Backup extended attributes?Number of blocks

20、to wri te in a single output (leave blank to use system default)use local exclude file?(specify no to Include all files- In backup)口no 口no no no no VnoPR-EXCLUDE_FILE5 resource(1 eave blank to i ndude al 1 files in backup)Backup encrypied f11es7Backup dmaPi fi1esysrem files?yes yes,第一项为资源然后在上图的定义资源窗

21、口中，填写带星的三项（一项已经自动写好）的名称，可以自己取，第二项为资源存放的服务器，选本机即master,第三项则是 mksysb的路径了，按照实际填写。7.定义完资源之后，就该利用该资源去制作NIM可用的格式了，在上面同样位置定义：Move cursor to desired lien and press Enter.Li st a!1 Network insral1 Resourcesnef 1 ne a Resource!Chang/Sho;< Characteristes of a Resource show cho conrenrs of a ResourceReinove

22、a ResourceP&rform Operations on Resources verify Resources在弹出的资源类型中，选择我们要用到的spot类型:Resource TypeMove cursor to desired em and press Enter. us电 arrow keys to scrol 1.Fl=Help E5c+S=image /=FindF2=Re1zresh E5C+O=EX1X n=F5nd NextF3=cancel Enter=Dospotshared Proaucc object Tree - equivalentTto Juzr f

23、ileroot paging dump home shared_home tmp exclude_flies Ipp_saurce nnsxallp_bundT e f -ix-bundl e bo5i ns t_dat a i rraqe_dat a vq_aata mksysb script resol v_con(f savevg adapter_def 1inux_source devexports savewpar secattrs wpar_spec fb_script log= parent d5r act oror client / <root) (I5rector5s=

24、 parent directory for clierr paging f1les= parent di rectory for cli ert dump fi1es-parent directory for cliert /home directories- /home directory shared by clients=parent directory for cl1 ent /ter directories=files to be exd uded when creati ng a mksysb or savev =source device for optional product

25、 images= an insrallp bundle 干11 史=fix (keyword) input file for the cust or fix_guery o = config file u5ed during base system i1aTlor = confi g file used during base system i nstal 1 afior = config file used during volume group restoration =a mksysb ima9e=an executable fi le wtiich is executed on a c

26、l iem= configuration file for name-server 1 mf orntarl cn=a savevg image= directory containing secondary adapter definition fi =resource containing Linux installation Images- device handling file used during wpar t ns tai 1 at ion- a workload partition backup image- security privileges file used dur

27、ing wpar installari - general specificati on file used during wpar installs = an executable script added to /etc/flrstboot and run = parent directory fcr client /var/adm/ras directories然后填写该资源相关信息:Type cr seiect values in entry fields, press Enter after making al 1 desired changes>Entry ft el ds*

28、 Resource Name* Re5ource Type* Server of Resource* Source of Inst al1 ImagesiLOcaxion of Resource!NFScTTeritsecLirTry MethodNFS versi on AccessExpand file systems if space needed? commentsinsxallp FlagsPREview only? (instal1 operation w511 not occur) COMMIT software updates?Save replaced fi1s?automa

29、tically insral1 requisire software? overwrite same or newer versions?VERIFY install and check file sizes?spotePno no yes yes ro no要填写的带星的四项分别为该spot资源的名字，随便取，第二项为所在服务器，当然选才m master本机了，第三个则选择我们前面定义的mksysb资源的名称，会利用这个来制作相关格式的资源，第四项则是制作出来的资源的存放目录i,指定一个路径即可。写好后执行，过程比较长。8.定义完所有资源后，会生成相应的目录，不用管它，接下

30、去继续定义客户端，smit nim后选择如下：Move cursor ro desired Item and press Enter.Configure the NIM Environment perform M工同 software insrallarlon and Maintenance TasksPerform nim Administration Taskscreate ipl rqm Emulation Media MIM POWERS ToolsThin server MainrenanceMove cursor to desi r ed i tern and press Ente

31、r.M an age NetvorkisManage Machine&Mana.g& ResourcesMarage GroupsBatkup/ResrQre the NHMconf i gure nim Envi roninenr opti onsRebuiId the nlminfo fj1e on the Master change the Master'5 Prinary interface manage a! 1 ernate Mas-Ter Enwi ronment Unconf 1gure NIMType or seiecx values in entry

32、 f1 el ds.Press Enter after making al 1 desired changes* nim Machi n电 Mame* Machine Type* Hardware platform Type Kernel to use for Network Bootcommum cati on Protocol useprimary Network install interface cable TypeNetwork sp&总d settingNetwork Duplex sextingnim NetworkNetwork TypeEther net Typesu

33、bnetmaskDefault Gat eway used by Machi neDefaulr Gateway Used by MasrerHost NameNetwork Adapter Hardware AddressNetwork Adapter Logical Device Name ipl ROM Emu 1 ation DeviceCPU IdMachi ne GroupManaging system informationNanaging systemEntry Pi&lds Yimcl i net ;standalonej chrp网5嗡日丁bnc-Networ kl

34、 ent standardnimclinet 0Comments在上图中，给出nimclient的名字，这个名字必须是在之前 hosts文件中定义过的名称， 可以被解析出来 IP地址的才行，然后图上黑色的 communication protocol used by client 这一项，必须选择 nimsh这一项，这样才能走正确的协议。9.以上我们的资源和客户端定义就全部完成了，然后就是启动这些资源让其可以用来还原系统：过程如下，依然是先smit nim :wave cursor ro desired irem and press Enter.Perform Software Install

35、ation and Maintenance Tas匚Qnfigu9P 工八七 用工M Enri-nnnerKPerform Administration Tasks create ipl fiqm Emulation Media MIM POWERS Tool 3Thin server m5li ntenanteMove cursor to desireci nt«m and press Enter.1n5rdi and update softwareList software and Related Infermarion installation inventory softwa

36、re Ma-inrenance and LTiliTies Alternate Disk installatior manage Diskle3s/Datales3 Machines manage workload Parfifion MctriresMove cursor to desired Iren and press Enter.Install the Base Operatinq System on Standalone ClientsTnsral1 sortwareupdate insraHed software to Latest Levl (updaie All)Instal

37、1 Software BundleUpdate Software by Fix (APAR)Install and update from all Avan Tabie softwareTnstal 1 Linux on a Standa"!one C11 ent or Machnre Groupwove cursor to desired Item and press enter.Instal 1 the Base Operatinq System on Standalone Clientsinstall softwareupdate installed software ro L

38、atest Level (update 昌11)Instal1 Software Bundleupdate software by Fix (apar)insral1 and update fron all Avail able softwareinstal 1 Linux on a standalone client or Machine Group在选择这一项之后，会接着弹出几个弹出窗口，依次选择要还原的客户端select a target for the operationMove cursor to desired item and press E nt er»Icl i e

39、nt03 machi nesstandalonelFl=HelpP2=RefreshF3=cance1£5C+&=lmagee*+0=ek1eEnter=Do/=Flndn=Flnd Next再选择要使的资源类型select rhe installation tvpewove cursor to desired item and press Enter»hiksvs 工nstNll fron in.talldtiQn 5magesInstalromi aspot - Instal 1 a copy of a Spot resourceF3=Cante1 Enter=

40、doFl=Help Esc+&=lntaqe /=FindF2=Refresh ESC+OEXit n=F i nd Next接着是相应资源类型中我们已经定义的资源instal l ationselecx the mksysb to use for theMove cursor to desired item and press Enter.resourcesF1=He】p Esc+&=imaqe /=FindF2=Rtfresh Esc+0=Ex1r n=F i nd NextF3=cance1Ent erDo然后出现相应的spot资源，继续选择select the spot

41、 to useMove cursor to desired Item and pressfor the instal 1 ati onEnterxI huj1e_5piorresourcesspotFl=HelpF2=RefreshEsc+8=imagc£5C+0=EXlt/-Fl ndn-Find NextF3=cancel Lnter=Do选择完成之后来到了最后一步Type or select values In entry fields.Press Enter AFTER making all desjlred changes.TOP* Instal1ation Targer*

42、 rnstal1arlon type* SPOTLPP_SOURCEMKSYSBBO5IN5T_DATA to use during installation image_data to us电 during installatian R£5OLV_conf to use for network eonfigurati on Custom! ZAti on SCRIPT ta run after install at -ion customi zaflon FB script to run at first reboat accept new 1icense agreements?R

43、emain nim cl1 ent after install?preserve nim def1nltions far resources an this target?force push the iinstallat1 on?Entry 臼白Idscl i enr 03mksysb hujie_spothujie_sysb>oyeseslimtiAte reboot and installation now?!-OR- set bootl1st far installation at the next reboot?Additional bundles to install-OR-

44、Additional FILE5ET5 to Iristai 1(bundles will be ignored)installp PJagscommit software updates?save 电placed files?automatic al Ly i nstal 7 requi site software?extend fi1esystems if space needed?overwrite same or newer versions75 verify install and check file sizes? accept new license agreements?mor

45、ero国no；yes yol.yes I .yes TO. g m口在上面这步中，只需要把黑色的initiate reboot and installation now设置为no,然后运行，等OK后，NIM的服务器端就完成了设置，可以去客户端重启进行网络引导了。、客户端:在客户端，进入 SMS菜单以后，选择第二项设置远程启动选项设置网络地址:MainMenuLSal telLan grudge2. Setup R牵miutg IFL Cui ti al Frcgran Load)3HChmg«SCSI S«ttings4. SelectCdfksole5. SeiectFo

46、ot Options选择正确的网卡，我这里是21HC Adap tersIieviceLoce.tioa CodeHardwareAddrwMM1. lMirpartitifiii Ljgisil LAS V8203. E41, lD8nD5-¥8-C2-Tl 8658f3d22002 之 PORT - T IBM 加G Ethernet Ala U789,0S，口CT55-f ITT-门 00215eb3bS7S网络协议，IPV4Select 工nt«ri应t Frtoatl Veriion.1. 邛诃-Ad±r9£E Format 123.231 H

47、l 22Z2 IPv6 - MArm Format 1234 5S73：9Cal：ciet 12M：窕隹：独小：=靛£协议选择BOOTPSelect Network Service.1 BDOTf2. ISCSI先选1设置IPNetwork FarimtieriFOfcT - 7 工酬 EthfirneL Adiptw. VTS9C. OOI. MJXF55-F1-C7-T11. IF PfffMn&t&FEZ.Adapter Confi curat ion3. Ping T&s I4. Adruictd 5t“； BOOTP根据情况设置IP P«T

48、M金七电F工:'ORT - 1 IBM Host Etheriwel Ajdapter. U739C. 001. EQD0F55-T1-C7-T1LClientIP Addre«192. 168.1.2D32. ServerIF iddress19?. 16B,1,2023. G&t钟时工f AQ3r*=132. l&S,Ll4. Subletkk251 2%.2鹃.0设置完成后进行一下ping test,会列出所有信息Ping TextFORT - T IBM Host Ethernet Adapter： UTOaC 301 DQTOF55-FI-CT-TJ£p世4， Bupl ex: auto iutcclient IF hddr«iz： 192 166 1.203Server IP Addr一蝶 192 16s L 202Gateway IP Address： 1S2. 168. 1. 1Stibut n