Book6Unit1语法-虚拟语气1(学案-学生)新

1、Book 6-Unit 1 Grammar: Subjunctive Mood (1)Stepl. Explanation of the use of Subjunctive Mood (1)一、 虚拟语气相关的概念。1. 英语动词有三种语气,陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、，建议、假设的语气叫虚拟语 气。e.g., (1) If I were you, I would forgive Mary.如果我是你，我会原谅玛丽。(2) How I wish I were a bird.我多么希望我是一只小鸟啊！(3) If on

2、ly you could understandme!要是你能理解我就好了！3. 在条件句中的应用：条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际 可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。1) 真实条件句：真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是如果的意思。2) 非真实条件句：非真实条件句用虚拟语气，假设的情况不可能发生，或者可能性很小，其中 if 是要是、如果”的意思。二、 用法归纳1.虚拟语气在 if 条件从句中的用法Look at the sentences and sum up the usage of the Subjunctive

3、 Mood.(1) If I were you, I would chooseto work in a small town.如果我是你，我会选择在小城镇工作。If he had time now, he would come to see me. 如果他现在有时间的话，他会来见我。(3) If the weather had been nice yesterday, we would have gone for a picnic. 如果昨天天气好的话，我们就去野餐了。If I had a chance to try it, I would do it in another way.如果我有机

4、会尝试的话，我会用一种不同的方法。If I were to do the job, I would do it in a differe nt way.要是我来做这项工作，我会用一种不同的方法。(6) If they should cometomorrow, they could meet the general manager.如果他们每天能来的话，他们就能见到总经理。虚拟语气在 if 条件从句中的用法归纳：所述情况从句主句与现在事实相反If+主语+(be 动词用)主语+与过去事实相反If+主语+(主语+与将来事实相反If+主语+If+主语+主语+If+主语+练一练:(1) If I _ (

5、have) enough money now, I _ (buy) a new car.如果我现在有足够的钱，我就会买一辆新车。(2) If it _ (rain) tomorrow, they _ (not go out).女口果明天下雨，他们就不外出。(3) If I _ (be) you, I _ (put) her suggestion into account.如果我是你，我会考虑她的建议。(4) If I _ (study) harder last term, I _ (pass) the exam.如果我上学期更努力学习的话，我就会考试及格。2.虚拟语气的特殊句式Look at

6、the sentences and sum up the usage of the Subjunctive Mood.(1) I wish I were ten years younger now.我希望我现在年轻 10 岁。I wish you would go with us tomorrow.但愿你明天跟我们一块去。I wish I had met him yesterday.要是我昨天能遇见他就好了。(4) I wish he could come tomorrow. 我希望他明天能来。She si ncerely wished that she might do someth ing

7、 to comfort him.她真切地希望能做点什么来安慰他。归纳一：wish 后的宾语从句，表示与现在情况相反，从句用 _，如例句_ ，表示与过去情况相反，从句用 _ ，如例句_ ;表示与将来情况相反，从句谓语常用“_ ”，如例句_。wish 后的宾语从句中常用 _ 代替 was,如上面的例句 _L；但是动词 hope 后面不用虚拟语气，而用相应的时态表达与过去、现在或将来有关的希望，例如：1) I hope you werentlate. 我希望你没有迟到。2) I hope you are ready.我希望你已经准备好了。3) We hope you ll be very happy

8、. 我们希望你非常幸福。练一练：(1) He wishes he _ (paint) as well as a professional artist.(2) I wish I _ (be) with you yesterday.(3) We wish the rain _ (stop) tomorrow.(4) I hope you _ (make) great progress this term.Look at the sentences and sum up the usage of the Subjunctive Mood.(1) Without air, there wouldnt

9、be living things in the world. 没有空气，世界上就没有生物。(2) With favorable win ds, we might have arrived there in two days.如果当时顺风的话，我们两天就到那里 了。(3) But for your help, I wouldnthave madesuch great progress.要不是你的帮助，我不会取得这么大的进步。(4) He was very busy yesterday. Otherwise he would come to the meeting.他昨天很忙，不然的话，他就会来

10、参加会议。I got up late, or I should have caught the first bus.我起床晚了，不然的话，我就可以赶上早班车了。归纳二：无“条件”的虚拟语气句：有时虚拟的条件并不是直接通过“if ”条件句来表示，而是用一些词或短语，女口_ , _, _ , _, _等或通过上下文暗示来 说明。句中谓语动词的形式与前面表格中的内容一致。练一练：(1) Without music, the world _ (be) a dull place.(2) But for your help, I _ (fail) in the experiment.(3) We took

11、 a taxi to the airport. Otherwise we _ (be) late.Look at the sentences and sum up the usage of the Subjunctive Mood.(1) I would rather you told me the truth.我宁愿你跟我讲真话。(2) I would rather you had been present.我倒宁愿你当时在场。(3) I would rather you told him the truth next week.我宁愿你下周再跟他讲真话。归纳三：would rather 后

12、的宾语从句中，用_ 来表示与现在或将来情况相反的假设，如例句_，用_ 表示与过去情况相反的假设，如例句_。练一练：(1) I would rather you _ (do) it now.(2) I would rather you _ (not tell) me the truth yesterday.(3) I would rather you _ (come) tomorrow.Look at the sentences and sum up the usage of the Subjunctive Mood.(1) If only I were a bird!要是我是一只小鸟该多好！I

13、f only I would fly into the sky one day!如果有朝一日我能飞上天该多好！If only I had followed Mr. Liu s advice!要是听了刘老师的话该多好啊！If only I could speakseveral foreign Ianguages!要是我能讲几门外语就好了！If only I might live on the moon one day!如果有朝一日我能住在月球上该多好！归纳四：由 if only 要是就好了.”引导的句子相当于感叹句，多用虚拟语气。(1)_ 表示与现在事实相反的假设，用 _ be 动词用_),如例

14、句_。(2)_表示与过去事实相反的假设，用，如例句 。(3)表示与将来事实相反的假设或难以实现的意愿或愿望，用_ ,如例句_练一练：(1) If only our parents _ (live) with us!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了！(2) If only I _ (not miss) the train!要是我没错过火车就好了！If only I _ (be)20 years younger!我要是年轻 20 岁该多好啊！Step2. Practice (巩固练习) )1. Complete the sentences with the correct form of th

15、e given verb.(1) If I should be free tomorrow, I _ _ (go) with you.如果我明天空闲的话，我会和你一起去。(2) If I were to meet him tomorrow, I _ (ask) him about it.如果我明天去见他，我会问他这件事。Without your help, we _ (not finish) this task on time.没有你的帮助， 我们就不能按时完成任务。(4) I wish you _ (not smoke) any more. 希望你另 U 再抽烟。I wish I _ (kn

16、ow) it earlier.我要是早知道就好了。I wish I _ (have) a little lab of my own. 但愿我有一间属于自己的实验室。If I _ (be) you, I wouldn answer the call.如果我是你，我就不会接电话。(8) If you tried again, you _ (succeed).如果你再试一次，你就会成功。(9) But for your timely warming, we _ (be) in trouble.要不是你及时的警告，我们就会处于麻烦之中。(10) If only I _ (come) to the pa

17、rty yesterday!要是昨天我来参加聚会就好了！(11) We would rather our daughter _ (stay)at home with usnow. 我们宁愿我们的女儿现在跟我们一起待在家。2. Choose the best answers.(1) Thank you very much. We might have lost the competition if you _ us a hand.A. have not give nB. would not give C. had not give n D. did not give(2) He did his

18、best i n everyth ing. _ , he would not be what he is today.A. AndB. But C. OtherwiseD. However(3) We _ back in the hotel now if you didn lose the map.A. are B. were C. will be D. would be(4) Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I _ as well as her.A. dance B. will dance C. had danced D. danced(5) We _ Johns name on the ra