宾语从句讲解

1、宾语从句讲解宾语从句小口诀 ：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；that 引，一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。一、基本讲解1 概念 :在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg,He said he was good at drawing. ( 动词宾语 )He asks him how long Mike has been down . ( 动词宾语 )Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. ( 介词宾语 )2.

2、连接词(1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。e.g, She told me(that) she would like to go with us.(2) 以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句 , 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情况下，whether 和 if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用 whether 不用 if eg, We are talking about

3、whether we'll go on the pinic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时， 只用 whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next.Could you tell me whether u go or not?c. if 当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。E.g.Could you tell me what's the matterwrong with you?特殊情况：当do you think后接特

4、殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词doyou think陈述句语序。3.宾语从句时态a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：Do you know （ if/whether he has seen the film ）?b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如： I didn't know （ if/whether hehad seen the film. ）注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：He said （ that the

5、 earth moves round the sun. ）Theteacher told us （ that light travels much faster than sound. ）4.、人称的变化和标点的使用a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：“May I use your knife ？” He asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife.“ Do you know her telephone number？” He asked me. He

6、asked me if I know hertelephone number.b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：Who will give us a talk? I don t know. I don t know who will give us a talk.Do you know ？ Where does he live? Do you know where he lives?二、宾语从句的转化 1.当主句谓语动词是 hope，wish， decide，forget，plan，agree 等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时， 从句可简化为不定式

7、结构。 如： She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths.2.当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide 等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词不定式结构”。例如： I don't know精选文库which sweater I should buy. I don't know which sweater to buy.3.当主句的谓语动词是ask， tell, s

8、how, teach 等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词不定式结构”,或者在连接代词 /副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词 /副词不定式”结构。如： Could you tell me how to get to the park?4. 当主句谓语动词是 find ， see，watch， hear 等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语宾补”结构，宾补为不带to 的不定式或V-ing 形式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the

9、 ground. She found the wallet lie/lying onthe ground.宾语从句专项习题1.Have you decided _for Australia?A. when will you leave B. when do you leave C. you will leave whenD. when you will leave2.Can you tell me _ ?A. where does Tom liveB. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives3.The old man aske

10、d me _ .A. where was the cinemaB. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema wasD. where was the way to the cinema4.I think _ you will like him.A. thatB. ifC. whyD. how5.I didn t knowhe will come or not.A. thatB. whetherC. weatherD. how6.I wonder _ .A. how much cost these shoesB. how much do these shoes

11、 costC. how much these shoes costD. how much are these shoescost7.She asked me _ . A. who he wasB. who was heC. who is heD. who he is8.Ask him _. A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup9.I don t know.A. what time the movie startsB. what time starts the mov

12、ieC. the time to start the movieD. the movie what time starts10.The doctor asked me how long _ .A. was I illB.have I been illC. I have been illD. I had been ill11.The weatherforecast doesn sayt _. A. if it rains tomorrowB. if does it raintomorrow C. if it will rain tomorrowD. if will itrain tomorrow

13、12.Do you know _?A. whose pen is thisB. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong toD. whom the pen belong to13.Could you tell me where _?A. the tape wasB. was the tapeC. the tape isD. is the tape14.They want to know _?A. where is the hospitalB. how old are youC. when the train will leaveD. why i

14、s the boy crying15.Tony wanted to know _. A. what had Father Christmas put in his stockingB. when Father Christmas had put in his stocking C.what Father Christmas had put in hisstocking D.where Father Christmas had put in his stocking16.No one knows _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow t

15、o give us a talk or not.A.whenB. whetherC. whereD. if17.July didn t know_A. where is Tim s fatherB. when was the first watch madeC. who the old man isD. what was wrong with her watch2精选文库18.No one told us _, so we need your help.A. how should we doB. what we should doC. what to doD. what should we d

16、o19.We don t know _with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.A. how do itB. how to doC. what do itD. what to do20.He asked me _.A. whether I find out the sender of the moneyB. whether did I find out the sender of the money C. whether the sender of the money found outD. whether I found out th

17、e sender of the money能力提高练习1. I don't know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, I'lltell you A. if; WhetherB. whether; WhetherC. if; ThatD. if;If2. I don't know _ the day after tomorrow.A. when does he comeB. howwill he comeC. if he comesD. whether he'll come3. Could you tell me _the

18、 nearest hospital is?A. whatB. howC. whetherD. where4. Couldyou tell me _ the radio without any help?A. how did he mendB.what did he mendC. how he mendedD. what he mended5. I want to know _.A. whom is she looking afterB. whom she is lookingC. whom is she lookingD. whom she is looking after6. Do you

19、know where _ now?A. he livesB. does he liveC. he lived D. did he live7. Do you know what time _?A. the train leaveB. does the train leaveC. will the train leaveD. the train leaves8. I don't know _. Can you tell me, please?A. how the two players are oldB. how old are the two playersC. the two pla

20、yers are how oldD. how old the two players are9. The small children don't know _.A. what is their stockings inB. what is in their stockingsC. where is their stockings inD. what in their stockings10. I can't understand _.A. what does Christmas meanB. what Christmas does meanC. what mean Chris

21、tmas doesD. what Christmas means11. I don t know _ he will be back home.A. whoB. whatC. whenD. where12. Could you tell me _?A. where do you liveB. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting forD. where you live in13. Do you still remember _? A. that he said B. what he said C.did he say that D. w

22、hat did he say14. I can t understand _the boy aloneA. why she leftB. why did she leaveC. why she had leftD. why had she left15. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. riseB. roseC. risesD. had risen16. They tried to find out _ the new train _.A. how far/ had goneB. how long/ has gone C. how far/ went

23、D. how far / had run17. The manager came up to see _.A. what was the matterB. what the matter wasC. what the matter is D. what s the matter18. Can you tell me _?A. what are you doingB. where do you studyC. what you were doingD. what to do it19. He asked his father _.A. where it happensB. where did i

24、t happenC. how it happenedD. how did it happen20.No one tells us_ ， so we need your help.A. how we should doB. what should we doC. how to do itD. what to do it3精选文库点击高考1. Someof my friends areinteresting in science, but none of them can tell_.A. when UFOs will appear next timeB. why do horses know t

25、hewayC. where was this kind of plant foundD. how do elephants communicate2. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China?-Sorry. I don t know.A. when did he go abroadB. why he is going abroadC. how soon will he be backD. how long he will stay abroad3. - May I come in ? I m sorry I am late.-Come in, pl

26、ease. But could you please tell me_.?A. why you are late againB. what were you doing thenC. who you talked withD. how do you come to school4. -Could you please tell me _. ?-Bus No.32 will take you right there.A. where is Henan MuseumB. what Henan Museum is likeC. how can I get to Henan MuseumD. whic

27、h bus I shall take to Henan Museum5. Peter says that the Whites are on holiday, but no one knows _. .A. where they have been B. where are theyC. where are they fromD. where they have gone6. -Do you know_. the Capital Museum?-Next Friday.A. when will they visitB. when they will visitC. when did they

28、visitD. when they visited7. He wanted to know _.the English party. A. when will we haveB. when we will haveC. when would we have D. when we would have8. I want to know _. .A. when we should arrive at the airportB. when should we arrive at the airportC. when the airport we should arrive atD. when the airport should we arrive at9.-David, look at the man in white over there. Can you tell me_. ?-He is a doctor.A. who is heB. who he isC. what is heD. what he is10. -Could you tell me_