2016高考英语二轮复习第二部分专题四介词和介(精)

1、迅专题探究O怎么考1.考查固定搭配中的介词；2.考查介词短语；3.语篇填空 和短文改错中。O怎么学在平时的学习中注意积累，体会常用介词与介词短语的 用法，以及动词与介词的搭配。O怎么解1语境提示法；2.牢记介词的基本用法和特殊用法。k专题四介词和介词短语I体验考向用适当的介词填空。1.（2015江 苏卷）The universitystarted some new language the country*s SilkRoad Economic2.（2015江苏卷）The whole team countRonaldo, and he seldom lets them down.3.（2015

2、-江苏卷） Manyofthethingswenow benefit from would not be around butThomas Edison.考点突破programs to caterBelt.Crist4. （2015-浙江卷）Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes_animals both on land and sea?5. （2015-浙江卷）Most people work because itsunavoidable._ contrast, there are some people whoactually enj

3、oy work答案l.for句意：大学开始开设一些新的语言项目，以迎合中国 的丝绸之路经济带。固定表达cater for迎合，满足所需。2.on句意：整个团队依靠Cristians Ronaldo,他很少让他们 失望。固定表达count on依靠，指望。3. for句意：如果没有托马斯爱迪生的话，我们现在所受益 的许多东西是不会出现的。butfor如果没有的话。J4. to句意：你听说过既可生长在陆地上又可生长在海里的可 作为动物家园的树吗？固定表达home to.是的家园或故 乡。5. By句意：大多数人工作是因为无法避免，相比之下，也 有一些人真的喜欢工作。固定表达by contrast相

4、比之下。II.语境感悟完成下列短文，然后朗读或背诵，体会介词的用法。 Friday morning, we had a discussion 2 how to settle theproblem.Our manager described the problem 3 detail and suggestedthat we should build the factory 4 the coast so that it can be preventedfrom polluting the coastline.Some were 5 it, saying it was a goodway.But o

5、thers were 6 it.They thought it might be 7 their power tofinish the hard task 8 so little money.Thus, the discussion was 9 ofcontrol.At noon, the manager said we could still talk about it10 the lunch.答案l.On特指某天或某天的上、下午或晚上。2.on咲于，至于。3.in in detail为固定搭配，意为“详细地”。4.off（表示位置）在的外面；（表示方向）偏离，从离开。5.for就.而言；为

6、.；赞成，支持。6. against倚靠着.，和. 竞赛；反对；以.为背景。7. beyond在.另一边，在.更远处；超出，非.所能及。8. with和.一起；具有；用.，凭借.；关于.；随着，由于，因为。9.outoutofcontrol为固定搭配，意为失去控制”。lO.over在.上方；高于，在.之上；在.期间。Ill.正反探究1【误 】Sometimes our opinions differ because what we choose toobserve and how we deal with what weve observed.【正】Sometimes our opinions

7、 differ because of what we chooseto observe and how we deal with what weve observed解析because是连词，其后接句子；而because of是介词 短语，其后接名词、代词、动名词或名词性从句等。2【误】一How long have you been an actor?In 1995, when I graduated from college.【正】- -How long have you been an actor?一Since 1995, when I graduated from college.解析

8、结合问句的语境，只有since后接时间点与现在完成 时（问句）呼应。3【误】In those days,we had no phones, sowe had to keep in touchwith writing often.【正】Inthosedays,wehadnophones, sowehadtokeep intouchby writing often.解析by在这里表示方式，by writing意为“通过写信”。4.【误】 一Howamazing it isthat astronautsareexploringouterspace!一Its a challenge, I guess,

9、 for man against nature.【正】- -How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outerspace!一Its a challenge, I guess, of man against nature.解析 答句中的I guess是插入语，因此所填介词与challenge连用，构成a challenge of “.的挑战。IV.考点确认一、介词的分类及用法about/around大约；after在.之后；at在. 时刻（时间点）；before在.之前；between在.之间；by到. 为止；during在.期间；for长

10、达；from.to.从. 到.；in在.之后（时间段）；on在.时（某一天）；shortly after在.之后不久；since自从.以来；until/till直到l.at, in, onin：年月季节周，外加泛指早午晚。2om具体某天星期几，还有特定早午晚。3肌：午夜黄昏与黎明，具体时刻与周末。4this, that, next, yesterday, tomorrow,最后还有last, one,介词省略已习惯。I remember we planned to visit Yunnan in July.我记得我们计划7月份去云南旅游。2.in, after易混词用法及例句in意为“在（一段

11、时间）之后二 常用于将来时。Well be back in three days.我们三天后回来。after意为“在 （某一具体时间点） 之后”，after短语常和过去 时态连用。After seven it began to rain.七点后，天开始下雨。3.since, from, for易混词用法及例句sincesince +时间点意为“自从（过去某时）以來二 强调自过 去某时延续至今的一段时间，常与现在完成时或过去 完成时连用。My father had longed to play music since childhood, but hisfamily was poor and c

12、ouldnt afford lessons.我父亲从小就渴望演奏音乐，但是他家很穷，承担不 起上课的费用。from-from +时间点一般表示从某一时间点开始，不涉及与 现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。From then on she knew she would win.从那一刻起她就知道她会赢。for“for+段时间表示某行为或状态持续了多久，可 与现在完成时、过去时或将来时连用。This went on for about 20 minutes, until Mildred becametired of the game and left.这个游戏持续了大约20分钟，直到

13、米尔徳丽德对这 个游戏感到厌烦而离开。4.across, through, past, along易混词用法及例句across指从一平面上“横穿”或“在的对面”。They ran straight across the road.他们径直跑过了马路。through指从人群或物体内部“穿过二 也可指抽彖意义的“通 过嘔We made our way through the village to the farm.我们穿过村庄来到了农场。past表示“从旁边经过，表示动态的动作发生在 某人/某物旁边。They drove past a supermarket.他们驶过一家超市。along表示“沿着

14、线、道路等前行。He walks along the river every day.他每天沿着那条河散步。5in, on, to, off易混词用法及例句in表示在某范围内。Changchun is in the northeast of China.长春在中国的东北部。on指与什么毗邻、接壤。Mongolia is on the north of China.蒙古在中国的北部。to指在某范围之外 （不属于该范围） 。Japanistothe eastof China.日本在中国东部。off表示“（空间上）离，距。He lives in a house off the main road他住

15、在离主路不远的座房了里。6.besides, except, except for与but的区别易混词用法及例句besides思为除了. 以夕卜（还有），与in addition to同义。People choose jobs for other reasons besides money.人们择业时除了钱之外还会考虑其他原因。except意为“除了以外（没有广，可接名词、代词、副 词、介词短语和从句。The office is open every day except on Sundays.办事处除了星期天每天都开门。except for意为“除了”，用以补充说明或修正。Except fo

16、r a man walking his dog, the park wasempty.除了有个男人在遛狗，公园里空无一人。but相当于except；可接动词不定式（不定式前有实义 动词do时，省略不定式中的to）。There is no thing but trees for mile after mile.绵延几英里，除了树木别无他物。二、介词与某些词类的搭配1.形容词与介词的固定搭配形容词+atangry, mad, good, bad, clever, surprised, excited,disappointed等形容词+ofafraid, frightened, ashamed, a

17、ware, convinced,short, sick, tired, sure, certain, full, fond, proud, worthy等形容词+withangry, connected, content, familiar, generous, gentle,patient, pleased, popular, satisfied, strict等形容词+inweak, different, rich, interested, successful,absorbed, disappointed, experienced, confident等形容词+togood, polit

18、e, kind, cruel, rude, close, similar,familiar等形容词+forsorry, famous, fit, unfit, eager, anxious, hungry,responsible等形容词+aboutsorry, anxious, careless, certain, curious,enthusiastic, particular, optimistic等2.名词与介词的固定搭配名词+tokey, answer, visit, apology, introduction, attitude,monument, devotion名词+ininterest, expert等名词+oncongratulations, effect等Thekeytotheir success：20 tabletcomput