前置定语与后置定语x

1、1、以开头的表示状态的形容词，一般在句子中当表语成份，但作定语时须后置，类似的形容词有:alive, asleep, alike, alone, awake, aware, ashamed, adrift, ablaze, absent, afraid, available 等女口：He spoke like a man afraid.他说话的时候像是很害怕似的。Tom was the only boy awake at that tine.那时汤姆是唯一醒着的男孩。The house ablaze is next door to mine另B着火的房子就在我家隔壁。2、部分表示方位、处所、时

2、间副词作定语。如here, there, above,below, upstairs downstairsoutside, inside, aroundtoday, nearby等常作后置定语。女口：A boy outs ide is waiting for you.People there are very friendlyThe man upstairs is making a noise3、形容词修饰复合不定代词时应后置I have something important to tell you.There is nothing seriousThere is nobody suitab

3、le for the job4、else只作后置定语，修饰疑问词或不定代词。Whenelse shall we meet again, if Friday is not convenient for you?Ask someone else to help you if David is notfiree Who else can we turn to?5、left和remaining都表示有“乘U下的"的意思，但 left只作后置定语。女口：There is five minutes leftremaining 应作前置定语。如：The lady bought a gift for

4、 her daughter as a birthdaygift with the remaining 30 dollars6、involved意为“有牵连的”,“涉及到的”，只作后置定语， 如：the problems involved.7、有些词既可作前置定语，也可作后置定语。女口： possible, enough, more (另夕卜， 附力口的) properI don，t have wine enough for five persons at the moment=Idon，t have enough wine for five persons at the moment.They

5、 thought about all the meanspossible (= possible means )Today I will have to write two letters more(= two morele tte rs )8、有些词既可当作前置定语又可当后置定语，但含义不一样。女口： used, concerned, presentAll the people present（在场的）voted for him.Present situation is serious（目前的，现在的）All parties concerned （有关的）are present.Concer

6、ned （忧虑的） parents held a meetingthe method used is very efficient（运用的，使用的）This is a used bike. （旧的） 二、短语作后置定语。1、介词短语、副词短语、形容词短语等用作后置定语。如 The man in the car is Jim ' s father（介词短语）He made a report on modern science（介词短语）A friend in need is a friend indeed（介词短语）I live in a village for from here（副词

7、短语）He cast it a second time, and drew in an old basket full of sand （形容词短语）2、不定式用作后置定语。女口：Would you like something to drinkWhat do you plan to do in the year to comeThe building to be built was designed by Mr Wang=Thebuilding which will be built was designed by Mr Wang（相当一个定语从句）3、不定式经常用作一些名词的后置定语，常见

8、的这类名词有way,chance，opportunity, courage, time, week, wish, need,promise, plan, right.如I：You have no right to speakIf I have the chance to go abroad I' 11 nev er let it go.4、一般来讲，谓语动词能接不定式当宾语，当这类动词转化为名词时，也接不定式当后置定语。女口：You promised to write us regularly（不定式当宾语）You haven? t kept your promise to write

9、 us regularly（定式当后置定语）He planned to start a company（不定式当宾语）He told me his plan to start a company.（不定式当后置定语）5、分词作定语。单个分词一般作前置定语，而分词短语作后置 定语，此时可以转化相应的定语从句。 The old man has a walking stick（动名词当定语表示用途） Can yon see the falling leaves in the sky.（现在分词当定语表示动作进行）（过去分词当定语 Deer don，t like eating fallen leave

10、s表示动作完成） The man running on the playground is our English teacher （现在分词当后置定语，与被修饰词存在主动关系）=The manwho is running on the playground is our English teacher Do you know the girl dancing in the center? The food cooked by my mother was delicious（过去分词当后置语与被修饰词存在动作的完成与被动关系）=The food which was cooked by my m

11、other was delicious The building built was designed by Mr Warg=The building which was built was designed by Mr Wang There were over 300 people trapped above the fire.The building being built was designed by Mr Wang（过去分词的进行式作后置定语表示与被修饰词存在动作的被动且正在 进行）=The building which is being built was designed by Mr Wang.三、从句作定语都是后置.一个句子修饰某个名词或代词，我们 称之为定语从句，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从 句，非限制性定语从句常用逗号隔开，表示补充说明。In the north where it is cold, they grow whea匸I will never forget the day, on which I joined the Part y.I know the only route that