初中宾语从句讲解练习及答案

1、1 .在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing.(动词宾语)He asks him how long Mike has been down .(动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said.(介词宾语)2 .宾语从句的引导词有三类：(1)以that引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导句形式的宾语从句，that可以省略。eg, Theradio says (that) the clouds will lift later on.She told me (that

2、) she would like to go with us.2 2) 由连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 和连接副词 when, where, why, how 引导 的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。从句是陈述语序eg, Could you tell me what's the matter with u?I want to know how soon it will begin.(3)以whether或if 引导的宾语从句，If和whether在句中的意思是"是否"，主要用 来引导一般疑问句意思或选

3、择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .3 .宾语从句的时态(1)当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时，从句可用所需要的任何时Oeg, I want to know what time he got up this morning.You are telling me that you won't stop until tomorrow?(2)当主句为一般过去时态时，从句要用于过去有关的时态。eg,They asked what Jean was doing

4、 now .Linda said that the train had left.(3)当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时，宾语从句要使用一般现在时。eg, Lisa asked whether light travels faster than sound.Polly said no news is a good news注意：一般情况下， whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外。1 .当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用ifeg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.2 .引导词与动词不定式或not连用时

5、，只用whether.eg, Please let me know what to do next.Could you tell me whether u go or not?在不定式前用 whether。如：He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man.他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train. 他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如：Whether this is true or not , I c

6、an't say .这是否真的我说不上来。引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否能来还是个问题。若用if会引起歧义时，则用 whether o如：Please let me know if you like the book.可理解为：b. If you like the book , please let me know.你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我3. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.eg, You can't work the p

7、lan out if you don't have the meeting .4.if引导否定概念的宾语从句时，这时不能用whether.He asked if I didn ' t come to school yesterday.5.引导状语从句 even if （即使）和as if（好象）时，这时不能用 whether.He talks as if he has known all about it.宾语从句的否定转移：当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。I don '

8、; t think it is rightfor him to treat you like that.主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等，并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致I don ' t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的，是不是？I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend,

9、 won't she/he? We suppose you have finished the project, haven't you?如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词(不包含带有否定前缀 的词，如：unhappy , unfair , dislike 等)，其反义疑问句要用肯定形式We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully, does he?我们发现他从不仔细听老师讲课，是不是？当主句的主语是第二、三人称时，其反义疑问句一般与主句保持一致。Your sister supposes she nee

10、ds no help, doesn't she?You thought they could have completed the project, didn't you?They don't believe she's an engineer, do they?She doesn't expect that we are coming so soon, does she?练习题(1) . I don ' t think he is right, ?A. isn ' t he B . is he C . do I D . don'

11、 t I(2) . He believes she is right,?A. doesn' t he B . does he C . is she D . isn' t she(3) .I thought that he disliked playing football,?A. didn ' t he B . did he C . did I D . didn ' t I(4) . I find important that we practice English every day.A. it B. this C. that D. what(5) . You

12、 can ' t ima gine when they received the nice gift.A. how they were excited B. how excited they wereC. how excited were they D. they were how excited在以下，f#况中that不能省略1、当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。I believe (that ) you have done your best and that things will get better.2、当主句的谓

13、语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that 一般不可省。Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his finegreen coat and his black silk cap.3、当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。I can ' t tell him that his mother died.4、当it作形式宾语时例句： She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him.许多带复合宾语的句子，that引

14、导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用 it作形式宾语。5、当宾语从句前置时 That our team will win , I believe .6、当 that 作 learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时；例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1. The teacher asked the students.A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein bornC. what they will do with

15、 the computers D. how many trees they have planted 解析：宾语从句中从句应保持陈述语序，答案B首先删去，主句一般过去式，从句要用于过去有关的时态，删去答案 C和D,答案A中的if意为如果.应选A2. Could you tell me?A. what the matter is with you B. what was the matter with you1 . hat's the matter with you D. what's the wrong with you .解析：what就是从句的主语，what's t

16、he matter with you本身就是陈述语序，因此删掉A;主句可看作是委婉的请求，并是一般过去式，可删去答案 B; wrong前不用加 the,因此此题选C.3 .He asked me I could sing the song "My Heart will Go On."A. if B. weather C.what D. that解析：此句应选含有疑问意思的关系代词，故删去D; weather意为天气，根据句意应选A.4 .Our teacher told us that the moon round the earth.A. went B. turned C

17、.go D. turns解析：从句是一个客观真理，因此从句的时态不受主句影响。应选D5. It makes no difference.A. whether will you come tomorrow.B. Whether or not will be pass the examC. If he will come to the meeting or notD. Whether he will come to the meeting or not解析：答案A和B从句不是陈述语序先删掉,if 不能与not连用。因此此题选 D6. They don't know their parent

18、s are.A.that B. what C. why D. which解析：what表示职业， 因此选B.7. I am sure you said is true.A. what B. that C. which D. who解析：根据句意应用 what ,做said的内容，你所说的话。应选 A.8. The old man told us and.A. to do what , to do how B. what to do it, how to do itC. what to do, how to do it D. what to do , how to do解析：疑问词what即连接

19、不定式，又做 do的宾语；而在how引导的不定式短语中，how表示方式，do为及物动词，因此需接宾语才正确应选C练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！9. -Do you know when the World Cup next week?-Next Friday. When it, I will ring you.A. begins, begins B. begins, will begin C. will begin, will begin D. will begin, begins10. - Today or tomorrow? - What are you talking about?-W

20、e are talking about to give a talk on WTO.A. how B. where C. when D. what11. I wonder.A. where does he live B. where he live C. he lives where D. where he lives12. - Are you sure you have to ? It's been very late.-I don't know I can do it if not now.A. where B. why C. when D. how13. -Would y

21、ou please tell me?-In a small village near Niingbo.A. where was your mother born B. where your mother was bornC. when was your mother born D. when your mother was born14. The photograph will show you.A. what does our village look like B.what our village looks likeC. how does our village look like D.

22、how our village looks like15. - Can you guess if they to play basketball with us?-I think they'll come if they free.A.will come, will be B. will come, are C. come, are D. come, will be16. -Where does he come from ? - Pardon?-I asked where.A , . did he come from B. he came fromC. he comes from D.

23、 does he come from17. She wondered.A. how much he cost the computer B.how much he paid for the computerC. how muchthe computer will cost him D. how much did he spend on the computer18. -Do you know?-I'm not sure. Maybe he is a businessman.A. who he is B. who is he C. what he does D. what does he

24、 do（二）.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：I hear （that） physics isn ' t easy.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?（四）.直接引语与间接引语引述别人的原话叫直接引语，用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。这两种引语都 是宾语从句，但直接引语放在引号内，不用连词连接；间接引语不用引号，通常用 连词与主句联接。直接引语变间接引语：1、变人称（动词的变化可根据实际情况，可用 say, tell, ask, beg 等）如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句的人称变化。Sh

25、e said, “My brother wants to go shopping with me. ”She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her.如果从句中的主语或宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。He said to Kate, “How is your sister now? "He asked to Kate how her sister was then.He said,“You are too clever. ”He said to

26、 me I was too clever.He said he was too clever.He asked, “Is your father older than your mother?He asked me if my fatheris older than my mother.如果从句中的主语或宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。Mr. Smith said, “Jack (he) is a good student. " fMr. Smith said Jack (he) was a good boy.2、变时态主句时态为一般过去时，直接引语变间

27、接引语时态要做相应的变化：一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，一般将来时变为过去将来 时现在完成时变为过去完成时，一般过去时变为过去完成时，过去完成时仍为过去完成 时过去进行时仍为过去进行时某些代词，限定词，表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则如下：直接引语间接引语todaythat daynowyesterdaythe day before yesterday tomorrowthen, at that momentthe day beforetwo days beforethe next day / the following daythe day afte

28、r tomorrow next week/ month etc last week/ month etctwo days after, / in two days the next week/month etcthe week / month etc. beforeheretherethisthatthesethosecomebringgotake以下情况时态不变主句时态为各种现在时或一般将来时He says, I cleaned the room.He says he cleaned the room.直接引语是客观真理The teacher said,“The earth moves ar

29、ound the sun." f The teacher said theearth moves around the sun.直接引语中的情态动词没有过去式或已为过去式The docto r said,“You should stay in bed for 2 days." fThe doctor said I shouldbetter stay in bed for 2 days.直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语Jack said, “I was born on April 21, 1980." f Jack said he was born on

30、 April21, 1980.直接引语如果是一般现在时，表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变成间接引语时态 不变。He said, “I get up at six every morning. " f He said he gets up at six every morning.3、变状语时间状语变化： now 变为 then ； yesterday 变为 the day before; today 变为 that day. He said, “I want to go swimming now." fHe said he wanted to go swimming th

31、en. 地点状语变化(尤其表示方向性的)：here变为thereHe said, “You should come here at 7:00." fHe said I should go there at 7:00.指示代词变化：this 变为thatHe said, “This book is mine. "fHe said that book was his.4、变句型陈述句变为以that引导的宾语从句。He said, "I' m very glad. " fHe said that he was very glad.一般疑问句变为以if(

32、whether)引导的宾语从句。He said, “Can you come this afternoon, John? ” f He asked if (whether) John could come that afternoon.特殊疑问句变为由 who, what, when 等疑问句引导的宾语从句。He said, "Where is Mr. Wang? ” f He said where Mr. Wang was.直接引语是祈使句变为tell (ask, order, beg 等)sb. (not) to do sth. 句型“Open the door, please,

33、 “ said she. (Mary said) She asked him (me) to open the door.直接引语是let ' s开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“ suggest +动名词或从句 He said, "Let' s go to see the movies. ”fHe suggested going to see the movies.fHe suggested that they should go to see the movies.练习一、单想选择1. Do you know during the coming summer

34、holiday?A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. whatTom did2. I want to know.A. what is his name B. what ' s his name C. that his name is D. what his name is3. Do you know I could pass the exam?A. that B. whether C. what D. which4. Jim doesn ' t understand.A. which is t

35、he way to the museum B. why his wife always goes shoppingC. what is the way to the museum D. why does she always go shopping5. -Could you tell me she is looking for?A. that B. whose C. who D. which6. Mr. King didn ' t know yesterday evening.A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes ho

36、meC. when did his son come home D. when his son came home7. Could you tell me the bike this morning?A. how does he mend B. how he mends C. how he mended D. how did he mend8. - I' m waiting for the ma il. Do you know it will arrive?-Usually it comes by 4: 00.A. how B. where C. when D. what9. -Exc

37、use me, would you please tell me?- Certainly. Go straight along here. It' s next to a hospital.A. how we can get to the post office B. how can we get to the post officeC. how get to the post officeD. howcould we get to the post office10. -Can I help you?- Yes. I ' d like a ticket to Mount Em

38、ei. Can you tell me take to get there?A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it11. He wanted to know.A. whether he speaks at the meeting B. when the meeting would startC. what he ' s going to do at the meetingD. where would the meeting beheld12. -Could you t

39、ell me the Bamboo Garden?-The day after tomorrow, I think.A. when will you visit B. when you will visitC. when would you visit D. when you would visit13. Would you please tell me next, Mr Wang?A. what should we do B. we should do whatC. what we should do D. should we do what14. You can' t imagin

40、e when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excited B. how excited they wereC. how excited were they D. they were how excited15. I want to know you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow.A. that B. when C. where D. whether16. -Could you tell me?Sorry, I dont know. I was not at the meeting.A. what does he say at the meeting B.