2019年浙江高三英语80分强化限时训练(十)

1、80 分强化限时训练 （ 十 ） （ 限时 60 分钟 ） 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节,满分 35 分） 第一节 （共 10 个小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 25 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A 【科普知识类】 Here s another reason to get off the couch and start working up a sweat.Time the exercise right and you could improve your ability to remember something new.That s th

2、e finding of a new study. But it all comes down to timing.To lock up the new information，start burning those calories roughly four hours after you took in the new information.That s according to researchers at an institute on brain，cognition（ 认知 ）and behavior. It s at Radboud University s Medical Ce

3、nter，in Nijmegen，the Netherlands.Eelco van Dongen and his colleagues shared their new findings in the June 16 Current Biology. This precisely timed memory trick comes from tests with 72 people.Each learned the location of 90 objects on a computer screen.Afterwards，some of the members watched relaxin

4、g nature videos.Others worked up a sweat on body-building bikes，changing between hard and easy riding for 35 minutes.Their workouts came either soon after the cram session （ 考前突击复习 ） or four hours later. Two days later they were tested again.Those who remembered the objects sites best were the peopl

5、e who had waited four hours after their learning before riding. Among those who remembered sites correctly，the four-hour delay before biking also led to more consistent activity in an area important for memory.It s known as the hippocampus （ 海马区 ） .The consistent activity here suggests that the memo

6、ries had been strong，the scientists say. Van Dongens team does not yet know how exercise works its memory magic.They do，however，have a guess. Aerobic exercise leads to the creation of several important chemicals in the brain.One is a protein known as BDNF. The other is dopamine (DO-puh-meen). It can

7、 help convey messages between nerve cells.These two chemicals may help strengthen memories by linking brain cells,the researchers suspect. 1. The best way to lock up the new in formatio n is . A. to get off the couch soon after their learning B. to do sports for four hours and work up a sweat C. to

8、see some n ature videos on a computer scree n D. to do sports four hours after tak ing in new in formati on 2. Which is NOT right about the experime nt? A. There are 90 objects on the scree n. B. They were tested aga in two days later. C. 72 people took part in the experime nt. D. They all had to do

9、 ridi ng for 35 minu tes. 3. How does exercise work its memory magic? A. By the hippocampus. B.No one knows for sure. C.A protein known as BDNF. D.A protein known as dopam ine. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了锻炼与记忆力的关系 ，研究发现，一定的锻炼有助 于记忆力的增强。 答案及剖析： 1. D 细节理解题。根据第二段 “ To lock up the new in formatio n. .roughly fo

10、ur hours. ”可知，在接收新知识后的四小时左右去锻炼 ，能有效锁定已学的知识，故选 D 项。 2. D 推理判断题。根据第三段中提到的 some of the members watched.Others worked up a sweat on. ”可知，参加的 72 个实验者，被要求记住电脑屏幕上的 90 个物体的方位， 然后,一部分看视频，还有一部分去锻炼骑自行车 ，所以不是所有人都骑车 35 分钟,所以 D 项 错误,故选 D 项。 3. B 推理判断题。根据第五段中 Van Dongen s team does not yet know how exercise works

11、its memory magic ”可以看出 Van Dongen 团队也并没有确切证据能证明锻炼是如何 增进人的记忆力的，所以选 B 项。 【长难句子分析】 Those who remembered the objects sites best were the people who had waited four hours after their lear ning before ridi ng. 此句中 who remembered the objects sites best 禾口 who had waited four hours after their learning befo

12、re riding 都是定语从句，修饰前面的名词。 那些记得方位最牢的人是那些学习之后过了 4 小时再锻炼的人。 B （2018 浙江省著名重点中学领航高考冲刺试卷 ） This week,a mammoth猛犸象）possibly killed by humans 10,000 to 15,000 years ago was found in soy fields about 50 miles west of Detroit .It was found by farmer James Bristle and his neighbor Trent Satterthwaite,who were

13、reportedly digging in the field.At first,they couldn t figure out what they were seeing. It was probably a rib bone that came up, ” Bristle told The Ann Arbor News. “Wethought it was a bent fence post.Upon closer inspection,however,it became clear even to untrained eyes this was no fence post.We kne

14、w it was someth ing special. ” Then they sped up the dig. After finding the bones on Mon day ni ght,Bristle called the Uni versity of Michigan on Tuesday morning to report his find.Scientist Daniel Fisher arrived to in spect it on Wedn esday,a nd by Thursday morning he had con firmed it s a woolly m

15、ammoth.He con cluded the ani mal was about 40 years old whe n it died .It was hun ted by huma ns,he said,who killed it and stored the rema ins in a pond as a way of preserv ing the meat for future use. It s still too early to tell exactly how it died, ” Fisher told Detroit s WWJ-TV,but the skeleto n

16、（骨架）showed sig ns of huma ns butcheri ng. ” The bones are being temporarily stored n earby,accord ing to the Detroit Free Press,and it remains unclear where they ll eventually end up.Their research value will be determined once they ve been cleaned and dried. Woolly mammoths once lived in Eurasia an

17、d North America,a nd most disappeared 10,000 years ago a demise（ 终止）that has been linked not only to humans,but also to changing climate.It s now believed that warming weather weakened their populati ons before huma ns dealt the final blows. _ 4. What can we know about the mammoth accord ing to the

18、passage? A. It might die in its 40s. B. It was n ative to Eurasia. C. lt preferred wan deri ng in the fields. D. lt mainly died from climate cha nge. 5. Da niel Fisher may hold the opinion that . A. the bones are well worth research ing B. the mammoth was killed by a butcher C. identifying the bones

19、 was a waste of time D. the n ewfo und site has evide nee of huma n activity 6. What does the underlined part “ dealt the final blows ” in the last paragraph mean? A. took their life B. dried their bones C. destroyed their home D. preserved their meat 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了 James Bristle 和他的邻居发现了一具猛犸象骨架，以及由此引

20、发 的研究和报道。 答案及剖析： 4. A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 He concluded the animal was about 40 years old when it died. 可知，这个猛犸象死时可能是四十多岁。故选 A。 5. D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 It was hu nted by huma ns. “ but the skeleto n（ 骨 架）showed sig ns of huma ns butcheri ng. ”可知,Fisher 认为这只猛犸象是被人类猎杀 的,并被作为食物贮存下来，其骨架上有被人类宰杀的痕迹。 由此可推知,Fisher 可能会认

21、为 此地有人类活动的痕迹。故选 D 6. A 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的 It was hunted by humans 和最后一段中的 a demise（终 止）that has been linked not only to humans,but also to changing climate. 可推知, 在人类猎杀猛犸象之前，气候变暖已经消减了它们的数量，画线部分应表示“猎杀，捕杀”之 意，故选A deal a blow 为习惯用法，意为“造成伤害（损失、打击）”。 C 【社会文化类】 Being con sidered a leader in our society is in de

22、ed of high praise.Leadership means power,commands,respect and,most important,encourages Vitamin C,leadership skills can t be easily swallowed down.They must be carefully cultivated. Different from popular belief,most good leaders are made ,not born. They lear n their skills in their everyday lives.B

23、ut which do they develop? How do they （and how can you） get others to follow? Always give credit. Many leaders note that the most efficient way to get a good performa nee from others is to treat them like heroes.Givi ng public credit to some one who has earned it is the best leadership tech nique in

24、 the world .It is also an act of generosity（ 慷慨）that s never forgotten. Givi ng credit is more effective tha n eve n the most con structive criticism（ 批 评）,which often hurts rather than helps. Kenneth Blanchard,the author of The One-Minute Manager,agrees. “ Catch people doing something right! ” he s

25、ays.Then tell every one about it. Take in formed risks. “ The best leaders know that tak ing a risk is not a thoughtless exercise, ” says man ageme nt adviser Marily n Machlowitz. “ Sky divers don t go up in an airpla ne without check ing the parachutes beforeha nd. ” Because the idea of risk also c

26、arries with it the possibility of failure,ma ny of us usually wait for others to take charge.But if you want to be a leader,you must learn to fail and not die a thousa nd deaths.Pick yourself up and start all over aga in. En courage en thusiasm. “ When people un dersta nd the importa nee of work,the

27、y lend their mental strengths, ” says Lee Ducat.But when they get excited about the work,all their energy gets poured into the job.That s a great force! Is this the best way to create exciteme nt? Be en thusiastic yourself You will be followed by every one. 7. The underlined word “ cultivated ” in P

28、aragraph 1 roughly means _ . A. compared B.developed C.exam ined D.en couraged achieveme nt.U nlike 8. The part “Always give credit ” tells us that a leader should _ . A.praise every one B.give helpful criticism C.regard others as real heroes D.praise people for their good performa nces 9. To be a g

29、ood leader,you shouldA.not be afraid of any risks B.think twice before taking risks C.try to avoid any possible failures D.know what a thoughtless exercise is 10. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A.How to Be a Leader B. Not Many Can Be Leaders C. Leadership Is Very Impor

30、tant D. Leadership Is of Skills and Techniques 语篇解读 : 本文是一篇说明文 , 主要介绍了如何培养领导才能 , 即如何才能成为一名好的领 答案及剖析 : 7. B 猜测词义题。 根据第一段中的 Unlike Vitamin C,leadership skills can t be easily swallowed down. 可知 , 领导才能不是一蹴而就 , 是逐步改善、发展起来的。所以 cultivate 词义与“ develop ”相近 , 故 B 项正确。 8. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 Giving public credit

31、to someone who has earned it is the best leadership technique in the world. 可知 , 一个领导者应该对人们的良好表 现给予表扬。故 D 项正确。 9. B 细节理解题。根据第五段中的 The best leaders know that taking a risk is not a thoughtless exercise 可知,作为领导者必须三思而后行。故 B 项正确。A、D 项文中并未提 至 U,C 项与文中第六段中的 Because the idea of risk also carries with it th

32、e possibility of failure., 所表达的内容不符。 10. A 文章标题题。 本文主要介绍了如何才能成为一个好的领导者 ,A 项能概括全文 ,适合做 标题。故 A 项正确。 【疑难词汇解读】 1. constructive adj. 建设性的 , 有助益的 The government is encouraging all parties to play a constructive role in the reform process. 政府鼓励所有的政党在改革过程中发挥建设性的作用。 2. beforehand adv. 预先 ; 事先 A.not be afraid

33、 of any risks B.think twice before taking risks I wish we d known about it beforehand. 要是我们预先知道这事就好了。counter-in tuitive （ 反直觉的）to let water into the car.14. 【长难句子分析】 Givi ng credit is more effective tha n even the most con structive criticism（ 批 评）,which ofte n hurts rather tha n helps. 动词-ing 形式短语

34、Givi ng credit 作主语；非限制性定语从句 which ofte n hurts rather than helps 修饰先行词 criticism;rather than 意为而不是”。 即使是最具建设性的批评也没有给予表扬更有效 ，这些批评往往会伤人而不是帮助人。 第二节（共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Any car accident is frightening,but an accident in which your vehicle is thrown into the

35、 water,with you trapped inside,is absolutely terrifying.11. _ However, most deaths result from panic,without a plan or understanding what is happening to the car in the water.By adopt ing a brace（ 支架）positi on,acting decisively and getti ng out fast,you can save yourself from a sinking vehicle. Brac

36、e yourself for impact （撞击力） .As soon as you re aware that you re going off the road and into a body of water,adopt a brace positi on. The impact could set off the airbag system in your vehicle,so you should place both hands on the steering wheel in the “ten and two ” position. Undo your seatbelt.12.

37、 _ Un buckle the childre n, start ing with the oldest first.Forget the cell phone call.Your car isn t going to wait for you to make the call. 13. _ Leave the door alone at this stage and concen trate on the win dow.A car s electrical system should work for up to three minutes in the water,so try the

38、 method of opening it electronically first.Many people don t think about the win dow as an escape optio n either because of panic or misin formati on about doors and sinking. Break the win dow .If you aren t able to ope n the win dow,or it only ope ns halfway,you ll need to break it with an object o

39、r your foot.It may feel Escape whe n the car has equalized .If it has reached the dramatic stage where the car cab in has bee n filled with water and it has become bala nced,you must move quickly and effectively to en sure your survival.15. while there is still air in the car,take slow,deep breaths

40、and focus on what you re doing. A. Ope n the window as soon as you hit the water. B. Surviv ing a sinking car is not as difficult as you think. C. It takes 60 to 120 sec onds for a car to fill up with water usually. D. Such accidents are particularly dangerous to the risk of drowning. E. ln conclusi

41、on,if you know what to do in the water,you will be safe. F. This is the first thing to attend to,yet it often gets forgotten in the panic. G. But the sooner the window is ope n,the sooner you can escape directly through it. 语篇解读：当汽车掉入水中，我们该如何从中逃脱呢？作者从给自己找到支撑点、果断行动、 快速逃离三个方面进行了阐述 ，告诉读者如何逃脱。 答案及剖析： 11

42、. D 根据下文 However,most deaths result from panic 可知 D 选项 Such accidents are.da ngerous.drow ning. 正好与下文形成转折关系。 12. F 从该段的主旨句 Undo your seatbelt. 可知接下来文章要解释解开安全带这一要点 ， 而且这是在落水后要做的第一件事情。故选 F。 13. A 从下文 Leave the door alone at this stage and concentrate on the window. 可 知要尽快打开窗户，干扰项 G 中虽然也提到打开窗户，但是句首有 Bu

43、t,含有转折的意思。从 前面的第二、三段来看，段首的主旨句都是用的祈使句。故选 A。 14. G 从上文中 It may feel counter-intuitive （ 反直觉的）to let water into the car. 可知 G 项:你越快打开窗户，就能越快地逃出来，是对上文的解释。 15. C 根据下文 while there is still air in the car. 可知 C 项：通常水充满汽车需 60 120 秒,与下文紧密衔接。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 个小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，

44、从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。 Tom with his axe was stepp ing through the wood. A sapli ng（ his way, “Do clear away those trees,kind friend,l wish you 17 ! ” “ They will not let me have free play ,on me the sun light cannot 18 . To spread my roots,I find no 19 at all. No whisper of the w

45、ind plays 20 me ,and they twine above my head crazily. ” I tell you, 21 them,if I could only start,in a year you d find methe _22 of all this part.My frien dly shade should cover the wood to right and left,but 23_ it is,you see! I m brushwood little over. ” Hearing these, 24 a friend this favour,Tom

46、 swung his axe repeatedly,and round the little tree he cleared a tidy space. However,the poor Sapling s 25 didn t last long. The heat came first,his leaves were to dry,a nd the n he was beate n by dreadful rain and storm,which 26 him quite dismasted（ 无精打采的 ）! “ Oh, 27 one, ” said a squirrel there, i

47、t was you that 28 your fall. ” If you had stayed Ion ger in the wood s kind shelter, 29 cold or win d,you would have the elder trees for guardians of your fortune;and if there came a time 30_ all had disappeared,because their day was past and gone, 31 you might have reached such height as years went

48、 on. Then since you 32 so much health and strength,all this harm would never have been done,and you might have safely pulled through fiercer storms tha n this . ” When we are young we are also anno yed by our pare nts 33 ,because we feel 树苗）16 him on con trolled and repressed. We 34 freedom and in d

49、epe ndence and go all out to set ourselves aga inst our pare nts. However,we n eed to realize that we n eed them in our 35 growth. 16.A.stopped B.disturbed C.explai ned D.i nterrupted 17.A.will B.would C.can D.might 18.A.shi ne B.reach C.dry D.fall 19. A.soil B.chanee C.light D.room 20.A. arou nd B.

50、o n C.over D.above 21.A.in spite of B.but for C.i n additi on to D.not only 24. A.to do B.having made C.doing D.made 语篇解读 :这是一则寓言。 一棵小树苗嫌他周围繁密的树枝阻碍了他的成长 , 要求经过的 Tom 用斧子帮他砍出一块空地来。 结果由于失去了大树的庇护 ,日晒风吹雨淋 , 小树苗很快就枯萎 了。这则寓言告诉我们 , 青少年要健康地成长 , 也同树苗一样 , 不要急于过早地挣脱父母的 保护。 答案及剖析 : 16. A Tom 正穿越树林,小树苗叫住了他,所以这里应该

51、是“让他停住脚步”的意思。 17. B 本句谓语动词是 wish, 它后面的宾语从句谓语动词不能用一般现在时态 , 而 might 意 思不符。 18. D 该句要注意前置状语中的介词 on, 构成 fall on me 。 19. D 根据句意 , 小树苗要伸展树根 , 但是发现周围都是其他的树 , 根本没有他发展的余 地,room 不可数名词,相当于下文中的 space。 20. A 风儿应该是在树苗“周围”轻语 ,而不仅仅是在“上面”。 21. B 根据句意 , “要是没有他们 , 如果我现在就能开始茁壮成长 , 一年后你就能看到我成为 这一片的骄傲。” but for 表示“要不是因为

52、,如果没有”之意。 22. B 这句话表达小树苗认为如果没有周围的一切压制他 , 任由他生长 , 一年后他会成长为 一棵参天大树 , 成为这一片的佼佼者 , 但是没有“统治者”或者“主人”之意。 23. C as it is 意为“正如你现在所看到的”。 24. A Tom 为了帮助朋友。不定式表目的。 25. B Tom 帮小树苗砍掉了周围的树枝 ，小树苗的目的达到了 ，所以是他的“成功”。 22.A.tree B.pride C.master D.ruler 23. A.if B.what C.as D.how 25.A.determination B.success C.patience

53、 D.courage 26. A.left B.gave C.helped 27. A.foolish B.pitiful 28. A.benefited from B.brought in D. led C.proud D.evil C.resulted from D.brought about 29.A.though B.either C.despite D.neither 30.A.after B.which C.when D.that 31.A.as a reward B.by turns C.as a consequence D.in turn 32.A.have gathered

54、B.will be gathering C.gather D.are gathering 33. A.scolding 34. A.turn down 35. A.strong B.accompany B.long for B.healthy C.chat C.give away C.quick D.protection D.send out D.future 26. A leave sb. +adj. 表示留给某人的结果。 27. A 松鼠认为小树苗这种急于摆脱大树庇护的做法是愚蠢的。 28. D 松鼠认为是小树苗自己带来了自己的厄运 ，从下段语言中可知。bring about 带来，导 致

55、;bring in 引进,赚得。A 和 C 意义不符。 29. C 此处意为：如果你在丛林中待久一些，无论是严寒或者狂风，你都会有大树作为屏障。 despite 相当于 in spite of, “无论 . 都 . ”的意思。 30. C when引导定语从句修饰 a time 。 31. D 这里表示多年以后，当大树们的时代已经过去，轮到小树苗长成硕壮的大树了。 32. A “因为你已经积聚了足够的力量 ，这样的风雨对你已不能构成威胁 ，更严酷的风暴你也 能安然度过。” 33. D 此处表达我们年轻的时候也会对父母的保护感到厌烦 ，因为我们感觉被控制、被约 束了。 34. B 于是我们“渴望”自由和独立。 35. B 然而,我们需要意识到在我们健康成长的过程中 ，需要父母的保护。 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容 (1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 One sentence from the n ews in Wash ington has rema ined in my mind since a trip last summer: “ When you see peo