英语4级考前翻译冲刺

1、Complete sentencesHidden clues/cues1. tense2. mood3. order 4. structure ( such that)5. voice potential 5-翻译题型（完成句子）有四大考点：1. 词汇词组，主要考查考生的词汇量以及某些词组和固定表达法。The finding of this study failed to _ (把人们的睡眠质量考虑在内)2 固定搭配考点：比如说名词与动词搭配 ( take steps)，形容词与名词搭配( fierce/ intense/ competition)，动词与副词的修饰关系，名词与介词搭配( ac

2、cess )，更为重要的是常见的固定词组以及固定表达，这些都可能成为本次考试的命题重点。例1：By contrast, American mothers were more likely _ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent. 例2：Though a skilled worker, _(他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis .3. 核心语法考点：核心语法考点最重要的虚拟语气，其次是倒装结构、从句知识、倒装结构、非谓语动词等例1：The professor required that we should hand

3、in _(我们交研究报告) by Wednesday .例2：Not only _ (他向我收费过高), but he didnt do a good repair job either 1） 倒装和强调1倒装：部分倒装：1）so或neither/nor型：一种情况（不）怎么样，另外一种情况也（不）怎么样。 2）否定性词语位于句首型：这类词语有：hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, never, few, little, at no time, by no means, in no case, in/under no circumstances, in no wa

4、y, in vain, on no account, on no consideration, no longer, no more, not until等。Not until the game had begun did he arrive at the sports ground.3）So 型：如果把so that句型中的so + 形容词或副词放在句首，后面的主句用部分倒装。如：So frightening was the storm that the match had to be cancelled.4) 句首only连接副词短语或从句型: Only under special cir

5、cumstances are freshmen permitted to take make-up tests. 5）让步型：形容词，名词，分词 + as/though + 主语 + 系动词，或原形动词 + though/as + 主语 + 情态动词。Much as he likes her, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.2. 虚拟语气1. if 条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断假设条件一般为：1）与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时，主句动词为情态动词完成时态。e.g. If I had come here yesterday, I woul

6、d have seen him.2）与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，主句动词为情态动词动词原形。e.g. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.3）与将来事实可能相反，从句谓语动词用过去将来时，主句动词为情态动词动词原形。e.g. If it should snow tomorrow, they couldnt go out.主句谓语动词为情态动词（should, would, could）4) if 条件句中如果有were, should, had, 可以省去if, 并使用倒装句序。2. 表示“要求、建议、命

7、令”等词后面1）宾语从句中的虚拟语气从句用“should + 动词原形”构成。而且should 可以省去。用于此结构的动词有：advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest等。e.g. I insisted that he (should) go with them. 2）It be + 过去分词 that(should)用于该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词。如： desired, suggested, reques

8、ted, ordered, proposed等。e.g. It is desired that the building of the house be completed next month.3）在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, advice, decision等需要具体内容解释的名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中，要使用虚拟语气、其谓语动词为： should + 动词原形。连接从句的that 不能省略。e.g. My suggestion is that we should go there at once.3. It is (high/ a

9、bout) time + 从句用过去时态Would rather 后的句子用过去时态It is about time that we took measures to tackle this crisis.4. Wish后的宾语从句，as if/though 后的方式状语从句虚拟语气, 时间倒退。I wished I had married her 3 years agoShe looked at me as if she had known me before5. 其他词后的虚拟语气，如： but for, with/ without ， otherwise/or 等But for your

10、 immediate help in that accident, I would not be smiling now.She was married when I knew her, otherwise I would have married her.3. 非谓语动词：主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。 非谓语动词的考点主要有： 1英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作直接宾语，但有些动词要求： 1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语attempt企图mean意欲，打算determine决定pretend假装 decide决定hesitate犹豫 hope希望 intend想要 refus

11、e拒绝decide决定等真题重现【CET-4：2007.6】Because of the leg injury, the athlete _ (决定退出比赛).参考答案：decided to quit the match.【CET-6：2007.12】The Foreign Minister said he was resigning, _.(但他拒绝进一步解释这样做的原因)参考答案：while he refused to further explain why./while he refused to make further explanation for doing so.2)

12、下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式enable使能够ask要求，邀请 allow允许 force强迫 press迫使 inspire鼓舞 request请求 help帮助 invite吸引，邀请encourage鼓励 等真题重现【CET-4：2006.12】Specialists in intercultural studies says that it is not easy to _(适应不同文化中的生活)参考答案：adapt oneself to life in different cultures.【CET-6：2007.1】After the terrorist at

13、tack, tourists _（被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游）.参考答案：were advised/suggested not to go to that country as their tourism destination for the present.3)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语dislike不喜欢，讨厌appreciate 感激，欣赏avoid避免  enjoy享有，喜爱cant help不禁  escape逃跑，逃避cant stand受不了 deny否认 mind 介意 finish完成，结束不得 postpone延迟，延期hate讨厌等I appreci

14、ate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.我很感激两年前给我出国学习的机会。2非谓语动词中的有关句型  （1）动名词作主语的句型  1) It is + no use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore.)等名词+doing sth.  It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。It is a great fun playing football打篮球很有趣。2)It is

15、+ useless (nice, good，interesting, expensive等形容词)+ doing sthIt is good Playing chess after supper晚饭后弈棋挺好。4. 从句：一 名词性从句1.主语从句-从句作主语主语从句主要由that, what, whether, how以及其它词引导，还有就是由代词it作形式主语。That he survived the accident is a miracle.他在这场事故中幸免于难，真是奇迹。特别提示：尽管that并没有实际含义，但是他起到引导主语从句的功能，在这里不可或缺。What he e

16、njoys doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance.他喜欢做的事情被社会所忽视，认为毫无价值，无足轻重。How he managed to finish the job is of interest to us all.他是如何设法完成这项工作的，我们对此都很感兴趣。Whether the results will be valuable depends partly on our attitudes towards it.结果是否有价值在部分程度上取决于我们对此的态度。特别提示：whether引导的主语从句位

17、于句首时，whether不能由if代替。2.宾语从句-从句作宾语。The court decisions have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education.法院裁决责令公立学校必须采取必要步骤提供这种教育。I cant understand why he avoided speaking to me.我不理解他为什么不跟我说话。真题重现【CET-4：2007.12】Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life

18、_(是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的), not how much they can earn.参考答案：is measured by how much they can loan3.表语从句-从句作表语The next question we have to decide is when we have to submit the annual report.我们必须决定的下一个问题是，什么时候我们必须呈交年度报告。【CET-4：2007.12】In my sixties, one change I notice is that _(我比以前更容易累了)。参考答案：I am more likel

19、y to get tired than before同位语从句在句中作同位语，对被修饰名词的内容予以解释说明。特点：抽象名词在前，表达具体内容的从句在后。常见的包括：agreement, assumption(假设), belief, conclusion, decision, determination, discovery, dream, evidence, explanation, fact, guess, hope, idea, knowledge, likelihood, message, mind, news, notion(观念), opinion, possibility, p

20、rediction(预言), proposal, proposition(论点，主张), suggestion, rumor, theory, thought, truthI have no doubt that he will overcome all his difficulties.他会克服一切困难，对此我并不感到怀疑。二 定语从句定语从句是修饰限定名词或代词的从句。掌握定语从句的关键在于把握引导词，既用来引导定语从句的词。定语从句的内容比较庞杂，希望同学们在复习时多总结和归纳。真题重现【CET-4：2007.6】The prevent and treatment of AIDS is _ (我们可以合作的领域).参考答案：a field where(in which) we can cooperate.三 状语从句状语从句分为：时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句和比较