托福-练习三十七

1、托福- 练习三十七（ 总分： 120.00 ，做题时间： 90 分钟 ）一、BPassage 1/B（总题数： 3，分数： 15.00）1.TRAINING COURSE FOR TUTORSWestern University announces a new course in the practice of professional tutoring. The course combines a discussion class with practical experience in either the Math Center or the Writing Center. In the

2、 discussion class, students will explore tutoring theories, examine the role of the peer tutor, and develop effective tutoring practices. In their practical experience, students will observe peer tutoring and advance to supervised tutoring. Students who are considering graduate school in related fie

3、lds will benefit from this course.Now cover the passage and listen to the conversation. You may take notes, and you may use your notes to help you answer the question. After you hear the question, begin preparing your response. You may look at the question, but NOTat the passage. You have 30 seconds

4、 to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.The womanexpresses her opinion about the training course for tutors. State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.（分数： 5.00 ） 正确答案： （Key points: The university is offering a training course for ,students who want to be

5、 tutors. The woman thinks that tile man should enroll in the course. One reason she gives is that the course will give him valuable experience for being a teaching assistant in graduate school. Another reason is that he would learn some practical theories about teaching and learning. Another reason

6、is that the course might give him skills that could be useful for whatever kind of work be does later.）解析： 解析 W: Hey, Gavin, you should enroll in this course for tutors. M: Me? I'm not a tutor. W: But you want to go to graduate school, right? M: Right. W: And in graduate school you'll be a t

7、eaching assistant, right? M: Probably. W: Then this training course is just what you need. It will give you a head start on learning how to teach. Some of the universities don't give their TAs much training. They just expect you to know how to do it, so this course might be really useful for the

8、 future. M: Maybe. I could at least get a job as a math tutor. W: And you'd learn how todo it right. You'd learn some practical theories about teaching and learning. M: True. W: Anyway, it might give you skills that could be useful later-no matter what kind of work you end up doing. The woma

9、nexpresses her opinion about the training course for tutors. State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.2.PROPOSAL TO CHANGE THE PHYSICAL EDUCATION REQUIREMENTThe college is considering a proposal from the dean's office that would increase the physical education

10、 requirement of the core curriculum from one course to two courses. If approved by a vote of the administration, the new requirement will become effective in the fall semester. At the same time, the college will offer several new physical education courses, including martial arts, dance, and team sp

11、orts. Students are invited to express their views on the proposedchangeat a meeting in Room 100 of the Administration Building at 2:00 this Friday.Now cover the passage and listen to the conversation. You may take notes, and you may use your notes to help you answer the question. After you hear the

12、question, begin preparing your response. You may look at the question, but NOTat the passage. You have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.The man expresses his opinion about the physical education requirement. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding th

13、at opinion.(分数： 5.00 ) 正确答案： (Key points: The man does not support the proposal to increase the physical education requirement. One reason he gives is that students should make the choice to get exercise, and it is not the college's responsibility to require it. Another reason is that students&#

14、39; main job is to study and exercise their brains, not their bodies. Another reason is that he already gets a lot of exercise outside of school.)解析： 解析 W: I just heard the college is increasing the phys. ed. requirement to two courses. M: Well, that's what they want to do, but I don't think

15、 it will happen. Everybody I know hates the idea. W: Why? Phys. ed. is good for us! Most students need to get more exercise. That's why we have a new phys. ed. building. M: But it's not up to the college to require us to get more exercise. We have a responsibility to make that choice on our

16、own. I don't think there should be any phys. ed. requirement in college-high school, yes, but not college. Our main job in college is to study. Weneed to exercise our brains, not our bodies. Besides, I already get a lot of exercise. I'm on my neighborhood basketball team and I also go hiking

17、 and rock climbing. W: Well, obviously you don't need physical education, but other people do. The man expresses his opinion about the physical education requirement. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.3.CHILDCARE ON CAMPUSStudents can use an on-campus ch

18、ildcarecenter for children from 12 months to 6 years old. Hoursof operation are 6:45 a.m. to 9:00 p.m., Monday through Thursday, and 6:45 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., Friday. The Childcare Center is conveniently located near the main classroom buildings and the library. The Center offers safe playrooms, an ou

19、tdoor playground, trained staff, and a safe and caring environment. Full-time students have priority to enroll their children at the center. Space is limited, so we recommend that you enroll your children early.Now cover the passage and listen to the talk. You may take notes, and you may use your no

20、tes to help you answer the question. After you hear the question, begin preparing your response. You may look at the question, but NOT at the passage. You have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.The woman expresses her opinion on the on-campus childcare. State her opinion an

21、d explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.(分数： 5.00 )正确答案： (Key points: The woman's opinion of the childcare center is that the service is not satisfactory.One reason she gives is that the center does not have enough space, and many childrenare on the waiting list for a long time.

22、 Another reason is that the lack of space prevents a lot of parents from going to college. Another reason is that the center closes too early for some parents who take evening classes.)解析： 解析 My two sons have been enrolled at the campus childcare for asemester now. However,I have to say our experien

23、ce has been less than satisfactory. For one thing, there really isn't enough space there. There's room for only 20 children at a time, which means a lot of people can't get their children in. My children were on the waiting list for three months before getting in.This is a real problem b

24、ecause it prevents a lot of parents from going to college. The college really needs to find a bigger space so there'll be more room for children, don't you think? Another thing is, they need to extend the evening hours past nine o'clock because some of the classes don't end until 9:3

25、0. So if you have a class that lasts till 9:30, you have to leave early to pick up your children. This isn't fair to the parents who need those night classes because they miss important information in class. The womanexpresses her opinion on the on-campus ehildcare. State her opinion and explain

26、 the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.二、BPassage 2/B（总题数： 3，分数： 15.00）4.EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCEEmotional intelligence consists of self-awareness, self-control, self-motivation, enthusiasm,and social ability. People with emotional intelligence understand their feelings and manage them in way

27、s that are positive and helpful. Theymake decisions about life-what job to pursue, whatdirection to take, and whom to marry-with greater confidence and skill than people with low or no emotional intelligence. Their people skills make them more likely to succeed at relationships, cooperation, and lea

28、dership, and less likely to engage in risky or criminal behavior.Now cover the passage and listen to the lecture. You may take notes, and you may use your notes to help you answer the question. Afteryou hear the question, begin preparing your response. Youmay look at the question, but NOT at the pas

29、sage. You have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.Explain emotional intelligence and howthe examples given by the professor illustrate the concept. For this task, you will read a short passage, listen to a lecture on the same topic, and then speak in response to a question a

30、bout what you have read and heard. Do not look at the question until the lecture has ended. Do not look at the reading passage while you are speaking. Read the following information from a textbook.（分数： 5.00 ）正确答案： （Key points: Emotional intelligence consists of self-awareness, self- control, self-m

31、otivation, enthusiasm, and social ability. The professor discusses a study in which many of the subjects were active in the performing arts, student government, and community service. This illustrates how people with emotional intelligence have social ability and are successful in cooperation and le

32、adership. One subject described himself as a very sensitive and emotional person. This illustrates how people with emotional intelligence are self-aware and understand their feelings. All of the subjects reported having at least one close friend and a good relationship with their parents. This illus

33、trateshow people with emotional intelligence succeedat relationships.）解析： 解析 In a recent study on emotional intelligence, the researcher interviewed gifted students from 12 to 17 years old. All of the subjects were extremely enthusiastic young people with high intellectual and artistic abilities. Ma

34、ny were active in the performing arts, such as theater and music, which involve working cooperatively with others. Many were active in student government or various community service clubs, where their leadership and social skills could be engaged. Most of the subjects experienced emotional highs an

35、d lows that caused intense happiness, but also conflict, pain, and a tendency to get overexcited. For example, one 16-year-old, a gifted musician, said, "People think that my life is easy because I am talented, but I have a lot ofproblems just because of these talents. I ama very sensitive and

36、emotional person. I get angeredor saddened very easily." What that student said shows us that people with emotional intelligence understand their feelings. Almost half of the subjects reported sometimes feeling embarrassed and guilty for being"different" from everyone else. However, a

37、ll of them said they had at leastone close friend and a "good" or "very good" relationship with their parents. Explain emotional intelligence and how the examples given by the professor illustrate the concept.5.ROLE CONFLICTEveryone has a role in a social system. One person may h

38、ave a number of roles because he or she belongs to various social systems, such as home, school, workplace, and community. A person in a particular social role will follow the rules of behavior for that role. Each role in a social system is related to other roles in the system. Relationships such as

39、 parent and child, student and teacher, and supervisor and staff are known as role partners. When there is competition or conflict between the expectations of different role partners, we have something called role conflict.Now cover the passage and listen to the lecture. You may take notes, and you

40、may use your notes to help you answer the question. Afteryou hear the question, begin preparing your response. Youmay look at the question, but NOT at the passage. You have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.Explain role conflict and how the examples given by the professor i

41、llustrate the concept. For this task, you will read a short passage, listen to a lecture on the same topic, and then speak in response to a question about what you have read and heard. Do not look at the question until the lecture has ended. Do not look at the reading passage while you are speaking.

42、 Read the following information from a textbook.(分数： 5.00 )正确答案： (Key points: Role conflict occurs when our different role partners expect different behavior from us. The professor discusses the role of student and the different expectations of parents and friends. Parents expect students to study,

43、but friends want to go out and party. The professor discusses role conflict over choosing an academic major. Parents and friends may expect different choices. Both examples illustrate conflict between the expectations ofdifferent rolepartners-parents and friends.) 解析： 解析 Each of us plays more than o

44、ne social role, so conflict among our various roles is a fact of life. When we experience stress and confusion, it's often because our different roles have different scripts for how we should behave. For example, the role of student requires you to study, earn good grades, and ultimately complet

45、e a degree. As a college student, you've probably noticed that your parents and your friends-both role partners to youoften expect differentbehavior from you. Your parents want you to stay home and study hard, while your friends say,"You've studied enough; let's go out and party.&qu

46、ot; In this case, you feel the stress of the conflict between your role as a child and your role as a friend. You might also feel stress over choosing an academic major. Your parents may want you to study medicine or business, but you play guitar and write songs, and all of your friends are musician

47、s. You dream about playing in a band with your friends. In this case, you feel the pressure of your parents' expectation, but you also feel drawn to your friends, your role partners in the music world. Explain role conflict and how the examples given by the professor illustrate the concept.SPATI

48、AL MEMORYAn important survival skill of animals is their spatial memory, the ability to remember objects based on their relationship to other things in the environment. Animals use their spatial memory to make a list of paths leading to various goals. Navigating by landmarks, such as rocks or trees,

49、 is a simple but effective procedure. An animal learns from experience that turning right at one landmark and then left at another will lead to its destination. Some animals can recognize a landmark from different directions,making it possible to find their way to a familiar goal evenwhen approachin

50、g from an unfamiliar direction.Now cover the passage and listen to the lecture. You may take notes, and you may use your notesto help you answer the question. Afteryou hear the question, begin preparing your response. Youmay look at the question, but NOT at the passage. You have 30 seconds to prepar

51、e your response and 60 seconds to speak.The professor describes the behavior of a species of bird. Explain how the birds' behavior illustrates the concept of spatial memory.（分数： 5.00 ）正确答案： （Key points: Spatial memory is the ability to remember objects based on their relationship to other things

52、 in the environment. The professor describes how some birds bury food and later remember the hiding place. The birds use landscape features toremember where the foodis buried. Whenresearchers moved an object, such as a log or a rock, the birds appeared to search for their food in a particular spatia

53、l relationship to the object. This illustrates how birds use landmarks to indicate where their food is buried.） 解析： 解析 Now listen to part of a lecture in a biology class. Birds spend most of their dayin search of food. A few species will store food in hiding places for later use. These birds appear

54、to have highly developed memories. For example, nutcrackers bury food and are able to remember the locations of the hiding places with great accuracy. They use landscape features-like distinctive rocks, logs, and other landmarks-as spatial cues that signal where their food is buried. Recognition of

55、these landmarks allows the birds to return later and dig up the food. And here's the interesting part. In one study of nutcrackers, after the birdshad buried their food,the researchers went to the area where the food was buried and moved a log or a rock. When the birds returned to that area, the

56、y were observed digging for the food. But in the places where a log or rock had been moved, the birds appeared to search in a particular spatial relationship to the object. For example, if food had been buried three meters to the west of a large flatrock,and the rock was moved two meters to the nort

57、h, the birds would dig three meters to the west of the rock in its new location. The professor describes the behavior of a species of bird.Explainhow the birds' behavior illustrates the concept of spatial memory.三、BPassage 3/B（总题数： 6，分数： 30.00）7.ON-CAMPUS HOUSINGMost first-year students live on

58、campus, and virtually all of them have one or more roommates.Living on campus has many advantages, with varying accommodations available through the Housing Office. On-campus housing includes four apartment buildings and eight dormitories. With living units ranging from one-, two-, and four-bedroom

59、apartments, to single and double dormitory rooms, students are close to classrooms and other campus facilities. The university also offers"specialty dorms" designated by academic major; these are good ways to meet people with interests similar to yours.Now cover the passage and listen to the conversation. You may take notes, and you may use your notes to help you answer the question. After you hear the question, begin preparing your response. You may look at the question, but NOTat the passage. You have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to