2016英语中考命题研究(遵义)专题研究突破：专题八动词(练习无答案)解读

1、专题八动词笫一节动词的分类及辨析，中考五年命题规律及趋势考查点年份题号考查角度选项设置分值动词词义辨析201543实义动词词义辨析smiled/talked/cL5分ried201442实义动词词义辨析bought/ordereL5分d/made44实义动词词义辨析spcnd/cost/pay1.5分50实义动词词义辨析walked/stood/shouted1.5分201322实义动词词义辨析visited/called/f1分ound44实义动词词义辨析thanked/argued/lovedL5分201225实义动词词义辨析agrced/refused /replied1分43感官动词词

2、义辨析watcli/see/lookL5分45实义动词词义辨析keeping/losing/ improving1.5分47实义动词辨析takes/spends/costs1.5分201122实义动词词义辨析by/catcli/get1分31实义动词词义辨析take/spend/sav e1分41实义动词词义辨析dreamed/chan ged/learned1.5分43实义动词词义辨析to_inake/to realized/to achieve1.5分48实义动词词义辨析had/let/kept1.5分遵义中考单项选择对动词的考查主要涉及动词（包括实义动词和感官动词）、动词短语、情态动词、

3、非谓语动词（只考查动词不定式）。完形填空中也涉及实义动词词义辨析，而语篇填空、单词拼写、改错题 中对动词的考查主要是和时态，语法及非谓语动词结合。预计2016年中考单选仍会从动词短语、情态动词、动词不定式方面来考查。完形填空主要考查动词 词义辨析。，遵义中考重难点突破动词的分类实义动词是否接宾语及物动词不及物动词是否延续性延续性动词短暂性动词系动词助动词情态动词二篁潍点解折阕瞒力动词分类【考点抢测】()1.everyone here today? Now lefs begin the meeting.A. Be B. Are C. Is()2.He pale at the meeting th

4、is morning.A. got B. looked C. turned()3.1 go to bed until I finished my work.A. don't B. did C. didn't()4.He an English club last year and has made great progress in English.A. protected B. produced C. joined()5.1 will meet Jane at the station.Please what time she will arrive.A. count B. ch

5、ose C. check()6.It is helpful to a good habit of reading in language learning.A. take B. show C. develop【满分点拨】动词按照含义及它们在句中的作用分为4类，即行为动词，也称实义动词，(连)系动词、助动词和情 态动词。情态动词将在第三节中具体讲解“遵义中考侧重于实义动词的考查，偶尔也涉及感官动词的辨析。 动词作为句子的核心成分，学生应重点掌握。1 .动词的分类（1）实义动词的用法（及物动词与不及物动词）实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。按其是否跟宾语分为及物动词（“.）和不及物动词（山.）。及物动

6、词及物动词本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思表达完整,如reach, ask, return, love, need。 具体用法为：动词+宾语。如：He reached Canada yesterday.他昨天到达加拿大。动词+宾语+宾语补足语。如：They asked me to go fishing with them他们让我一起去钓鱼.I saw the children play in the park yesterday.昨天我看见孩子们在公|园里玩。注意：带省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的常考动词有:make , let , have , see , watch , noti

7、ce fhear 等 o动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。如：I will return the storybook to him,我准备把故事书还给他。注意:带双宾语的常考动词有:give , bring , buy , get , leave , lend f make , offer , pass , teach , tell ,reach , return 等 °不及物动词不及物动词本身意思完整,无须接宾语,构成“主语+谓语”的句型，如swim, come, go, run. travel 等：如后而接宾语，必须与介词连用。如：Lucy is swimming,露西正在游泳。I am

8、 waiting for you at the school gate.我正在校门 口等你。有些动词既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。如：We study English.我们学习英语（及物）We study hard,我们学习努力。（不及物）（2）系动词的用法系动词本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。如：The food tastes delicious.那食物尝起来好吃。常考系动词的分类类别功能例词表示状态表示主语所处的状态am , is , are , was , were表示持续表示主语继续或保持某种身份和状态keep , remai

9、n , stay , stand , lie表示感官表示人体感官的系动词look , feel , smell , taste , sound表示状态变化表示主语从一种状态变换到另一种状态become , get , go , grow , turn常见用法的注意事项：一般情况下，系动词没有被动语态形式。表示状态的系动词一般不用于进行时(feel除外)；变化系动词表示“渐渐”，可用于进行时。如:It's getting warmer and warme匚天气渐渐变得暖和,(3)助动词的用法助动词本身没有意义或意义不完全，不能单独用作谓语。助动词在句中与实义动词或系动词一起构成 谓语，以

10、表示时态、语态、人称和数。此外，还可以用来构成否定、疑问或强调的句型。具体用法见下表:分类作用beam/is/are +现在分词一现在进行时was/were +现在分词一过去进行时be +过去分词一被动语态do形式有do , does , did ,用于构成疑问句和否定句，或用在动词前加强语气havehave/has +过去分词现在完成时had +过去分词一过去完成时9have + been +现在分词一现在完成进行时will/shallwill/shall +动词原形一一般将来时would/should +动词原形过去将来时【易错点提醒】Will, would, shall, should除

11、了表示单纯的将来时间以外，更多的是用作情态动词。(4)情态动词的用法(具体用法和习题详见本专题的第三节情态动词)2 .动词的基本形式英语动词有五种基本形式，即：动词原形、第三人称单数(现在时)、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。规则动词的三种变化规律如下表：动词的结构第三人称单数过去式/分词现在分词一般情况+S(works , reads)v. + ed(stayed)v. + ing (doing)以不发音的e结尾动词a + s(comes)+ d(moved)去e ,再+ ing(moving)一个元音字母+ 一个辅音字母结尾的重读音节a + s(plans stops)双写辅音字母，再加 ed

12、 (planned)双写辅音字母，再十ing(stopping)特殊情况以 x、 s、 z、 ch、 sh、0结尾动词，0. +es(goes)以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词，改y为i ,再+ ed(studied)以ie结尾的动词，改ie 为 y 再 + ing(lying)考悬2动词辨析【考点抢测】一、词语运用join wear smell cost1. We need to buy a computer that least and has the best quality.2. Why are you a T-shirt? You'll probably catch a cold

13、in this very cold weather.3. Mum, this kind of fruit nice.Fd like to taste one.二、单项选择4. )4.You are to type quickly when talking to each other on QQ so the other person doesn't getbored.A. suggested B. supported C. supposed5. )5.His family are worried about him because they haven't letters fr

14、om him for a long time.A. accepted B. received C. written6. )6.Daisy is such a good daughter that she most of her spare time with her parents.A. spends B. costs C. takes7. )7.Don*t forget to “Thank you! ” when someone helps you.A. talk B. tell C. say8. )8The roof of the house needs repairing.Ifs rai

15、ning now.You'd better get something to raindrops.A. control B. cover C. catch()9Qh, it so nice.What beautiful music it is!A. smells B. sounds C. tastes【满分点拨】分析遵义近几年的中考真题不难看出动词辨析是遵义中考的一个必考点。主要涉及实义动词辨析，感官动 词辨析等。这种题目多会在单选和完形填空中出现。第二节动词妞语，中考五年命题规律及趋势考查点年份题号考查角度选项设置分值动词短语201531set短语辨析set out/setoff/s

16、etup1分37动词短语辨析pickeQ一l】im_up/cheered him up/put him up1.5分40make短语辨析making sureof/making funof/makingup of1.5分201421动词及动词短语辨析call in/give a ring for/telephone1分23动词短语辨析foundout/knew about/lookedfor1分24动词短语辨析break hisword/keephis_promise/c lose his mouth1分34put短语辨析pM:gow n/put it off/put it out1分43动词

17、短语辨析waiting go” waiting iii/waiting1.5分46动词短语辨析argue about/argue1.5分9for/arguewith201330break短语辨析broken_down/broke off/broke up1分201221动词短语辨析lose money/make, ,money/spend money1分22动词短语辨析majorsin/deals witli/doeswell in1分31动词短语辨析makesure/find out/thinkof1分36动词短语辨析tookoff7took_awav/took after1分41动词短语辨

18、析thinks out/thinks_a bout/thinks over1.5分遵义中考单项选择题及完形填空题对动词短语的考查主要偏向take, set, put, break, make短语 等。考查形式主要集中在三个方面：同一动词+不同介词，如2015年31和40题的set和make短语， 2014年35题的put短语：不同动词+同一介词/名词，如：2015年第37题的up短语以及2012年21题 的money短语；不同动词+不同介词，如2014年的23题。设题形式为简单句。预测2016年遵义中考 的单项填空题和完形填空题会考查动词短语辨析。，遵义中考重难点突破【考点抢测】)1.It&#

19、39;s hot today, isn't it?Yes, it is.Why not your jacket?A. take care B. take place C. take off()2.To keep healthy, many people every day.A. take a shower B. take prideC. take exercise()3J have my watch everywhere.But I cannot find it.A. looked over B. looked upC. looked for( )4.Tiiere aren't

20、 many tickets left for the concert, so you'd better that you get one today.A. make sure ofB. make a decisionC. make sure( )5.The firemen soon the big fire.A. put off B. put up C. put out( )6.The Olympic Games of 2016 will in Brazil.A. take after B. take offC. take place()7.We'H an English pl

21、ay Snow White during this yeafs Art Festival.A. look up B. put off C. put on()8.My bike is broken.Could you help me to?A. fix it up B. set it upC. make it up( )9.The heavy snow the sports meeting, we have to the meeting.A. paid attention to： take offB. decided on： get offC. made a difference to： put

22、 off()1().Alice, could you help me the meat? I want to make some dumplings.OK.ril do it right away.A. put up B. give up C. cut up( )ll.Don*t so often.Ifs bad for your health.A. get up B. stay up C. look up()12.He failed in the math test and looks sad.Lefs.A - put him up B. set him upC. cheer him up(

23、 )13.More and more students too much homework and they are really tired of it.A. complain aboutB care aboutC. learn about()14.The people in Ya'an have met lots of difficulties, but they haven't hope.A. picked up B. given upC. looked for()15.1 am too tired.I don't know how to the problem.

24、A. care about B. deal withC. depend on【满分点拨】动词短语在意义上相当于一个实义动词。动词短语辨析是近年来各省市中考常考点。动词短语的词义 辨析试题旨在通过题干或微型语境考查考生对上下文的理解、动词短语的不同搭配识别、记忆及动词短语 词义的辨析并恰当运用动词短语的能力。分析遵义近5年中考真题可看出单项选择及完形填空对动词短语的考查主要集中在三方面：(1)同一动词+不同介词/副词。如：get 短语：getup, get off, get to, get inturn 短语:turn on, turn offt turnup, turn down(2)不同动词

25、+同一介词/副词。如：cut down. look down» turn down, put downput up» get up look up, wake up(3)不同动词+不同介词/副词。如：put on, take off» look for> cut down第三节情态动词，中考五年命题规律及趋势考查点年份题号考查角度选项设置分值情态动词基本用法201530can't的用法caift/needn't/couldiVt1分201230have to的用法can/may/hayeto1分201133have to的否定用法you mu

26、stnVyoudoiVthaveto/you can't1分情态动词 表推测201437can*t表示否定推测must not/maynot/can't1分201329can't表示否定推测may/mustnVeanX1分情态动词为遵义历年的必考点，主要为其基本用法和否定推测，如：have I。表示“不得不”，doiVt have t。表示没必要，can't表否定推测和不能。特别是must的各种用法，如：must表肯定推测和强制命令。 尤其注意在have to和must的问句中，肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't或don*t have to&#

27、169; may的问句 中否定回答用cant或mustn匕同时，也涉及情态动词在被动语态中的运用。设题形式多为单句或对话形 式。预计2016年遵义中考的单项选择题会出现一道考查情态动词基本用法的题，且偏向考查must的用法 及其问句的答语。，遵义中考重难点突破【考点抢测】)1 you sing an English song?Yes, I can.A. Can B. May C. Must( )2There's only one day to go.You finish your schoolwork by tomorrow.A. can B. will C. must( )3.Exc

28、use me, sir. You open the door before the train stops.A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not()4.Honey, stay home before I return.I， Mum.A. must B. can C. will()5.It be my book.My book has a signature of mine.A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't( )6.That T-shirt be expensive because it's

29、designed by a famous designer.A. can't B. mustn't C. must()7.Fve headache.What I do?You stay at home and rest.A. should： had betterB. must： canC. might： must( )8.What will you do in the future?A. can B. be able toC. may()9.Must he look after you?一No, heA. mustn't B. don't have toC. n

30、eedn*t【满分点拨】情态动词有一定的词义，本身并不表示动作或状态，而仅仅表达说话人的态度。它在句中须和实意动 词一起构成谓语。常见情态动词的用法情态动词用法例句can表示能力，意为“能、会”Sam can speak Englishwell.Sam英语饼得很好。表示推测，意为“可能"，常用于否定句和疑问句She can't be at home now because I saw her out.她现在 不可能在家，因为我看见她出 去了。表示请求、允许，意为“可以”Can I borrow your bike ?我能借你的自行车吗？couldcan的过去式，意为“能、会”

31、，表示过去的能力Lang Lang could play the piano well when he was young. 郎朗很小的时候钢琴就弹得非常好。在疑问句中表示委婉的请求Could I have one cup of tea ?我可以要一杯茶吗？must表示主观看法，意为“必须、应该”You must finish your homework first你首先必须完成你的家庭作业！表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句，表示“一定”The coat must be Mary's.这个大衣肯定是玛丽的。should/ought to意为“应该”，表示要求和命令，也可以表示劝告或建议We

32、 should protect the air fresh.我们应该保持空气清新。You ought to teach them carefully.你应该耐心地教导他们。may表示请求、许可，意为“可以”You may sit here if you want.如果你想的话，你可以坐在这儿。表示推测，常用于肯定句，意为“可能，也许”She may come back tom-orro w ,她可能明天回来。mightmay的过去式He asked if he might go home.他问是否他可以回家了。表示请求、许可，语气比may更委婉Might I smoke here ?我可以在这

33、里吸烟吗？表示推测（肯定句），“可能、也许"（可能性比may小）It might rain tomorrow.明天可能有雨。need表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中You needn't say sorry to him.你不需要对他说对不起。情态动词的其他用法、must 和 have tohave to表示因外部因素而使得某人“不得不”：must表示主观上感到“有必要:此外，must 只有一般现在时，表示“过去"通常用had to,表示将来要用will have to. have/has/had to+动词原形，在9改否定句或疑问句时要外加助动词do/does/didc如：Does she have to stay at home and look after her sick mother?她得待在家里照顾她生病的妈妈吗？Must I go there with you?我必须和你去那儿吗？二、can 和 be able to两者表“能力”时用法相同，但can只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式，其他时态要用be able to 来表示。另外,be ablet。常常有“做成了某事”的意味。Jim ca