初中定语从句知识点详解

1、初中定语从句知识点详解定语从句考点：各个关系代词和关系副词的区别及其在从句中做什么成分只用that 的情况只用which 的情况知识点总结：一、各个关系代词和关系副词的区别及具体用法：(一) 、 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如：The person who broke the window must pay for it.The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.2. whom旨人，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略，若前面有介词，则不可省略，也不能用that , 例如：Do you know the young ma

2、n (whom) we met at the gateMr Lee (whom) you want to see has come.The man to whom our teacher is speaking is from Canada.3. whose 指人，也可指物(拟人化的物) ，意思是“谁的” ，在定语从句中作定语。例如：The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.I know the boy whose father is a professor.I live in a house whose windows fac

3、e the south.4. which 指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如：A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.5. that 多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，做宾语时可以省略。例如：I ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.Who is the boy that/whom I saw this mornin

4、g6. when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如：I ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.7. where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如：This is the house where we lived last year.The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.8. why 指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语：I don t know the reas

5、on why he looks sad today.(二)关系代词和冠词副词引导的从句有什么区别关键点：1、关系副词在从句中是做状语，记住，只做状语，不能做其他的成分。2、关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换。如： the reason why he refused the invitation is clear.=The reason for which he refused the invitation is clear.Great changes have taken place in the city where I was born.=Treat changes

6、have taken place in the city in which I was born.The time when we got tegether finally came.=The time in which we got together finally came.样板题一：1、 He has forgotten the day he arrived.A. when B. where C. that D. which解题思路：此题中，从句是he arrived ，它已经是一个完整的句子，因此，这里要填一个在从句中充当状语的成分，C选项和D选项都不能做在从句中作状语，因此排除掉，t

7、he day指的是时间，因此，要填上表示时间的关系副词when。练习题：1. The moon is a world there is no life.A. that B. which C. where D. why2. Nobody knows the reason she didn t come to the meeting.A. that B. which C. why D. when3. This is the place I have ever visited.A. there B. when C. where D. which4. He still remembers the da

8、ys he spent with your family.A. when B. where C. that D. on which5. He got to the village his family once lived before liberation.A. that B. which C. when D. where6. This is the house I want to buy.A. in which B. that C. whose D. where7. This is the house our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and work

9、ed.A. which B. that C. when D. where8. He didn t tell me the place he was born.A. that B. which C. when D. where样板题二：用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句The boy is my younger brother. He was here a minute ago.解题思路： 所谓定语从句，就是把两句话压缩成一句话， 而且，这两句话肯定辉提到同一个东西， 因此，首先要找两句话都提到了的东西，此题中， 两句话都提到了同一个东西一个人(the boy ,he )这就是共同

10、点，人我们是用who或whom表示，两句话都是做主语，因此， 只能用在从句中作主语的 who, 不能在从句中做宾语的whom， 因此， 答案是： The boy whowas here a minute ago is my younger brother.练习题：1. The old man is a professor. He teaches chemistry in a college.2. The car was going 90 miles an hour. The car just passed us.3. The woman is here now. You were talkin

11、g about her.4. The man waved to us. The man was my uncle.样板题三：用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句This is the hall. We listened to the report in it the other day.解题思路：还是找两句话都提到了的那个共同点，是the hall ( it ) , 在第二句话中 in it是做定点状语， 因此可以用 where 代替， 因此， 答案是： This is the hall where welistenedto the report the other day.=Th

12、is is the hall in which we listened to the report the other day.练习题：1、 Beijing Hotel is near Tian An Men Square. The foreign visitors live there.2、 I enjoyed reading the book. You gave me a book last week.3、 I prefer the subject. The subject is science.4、 I spoke to the man. The man is a professor.用

13、适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1. The house we live in is very big.2. The boy is wearing the black jacket is very clever.3. This is the present he gave me for my birthday.4. The man talked to you just now is an engineer.5. He talked about the teachers and schools he had visited.7. She wears a gold ring, is very unco

14、mmon in our class.8. We visited a factory makes toys for children.9. Is this the place your father once lived10. I ll never forget the days I joined the League.二、只用 that 的情况：1. 只能使用 that, 不用 which 的情况：(1) 先行词是 nothing, everything, anything,everything, all, few, little,some等不定代词时。例如： All that he said

15、 is true.(2) 先行词被 only, no, any, all,little,few,much,the same,the last等词修饰时。例如： He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.(3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如： He was the second (person) that told me the secret.(4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词： This is the best book (that) I have read this year.(5) 先行词既包括人又

16、包括物时。例如： He talked about the people and the things he remembered.(6) 6 )当先行词前面有who,which 等词时： Who is the man that is sitting thereWhich is the coat that fits me most练习题：1. There is nothing in the world can frighten him.三、只能用 which ，不用 that 的情况：(1) 在非限制性定语从中。例如：The meeting was put off, which was exac

17、tly what we wanted.(2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如：The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.练习题：1. He lived in a small village, was a long way from the railway station.A. that B. which C. where D. when五、知识小结：六、作业：初中英语语法- 定语从句 - 专项练习一、填空题：用适当的关系词填空：1. I still remember the night I first

18、 came to the house.2. I'll never forget the daywe met each other last week.3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, is the best season there.4. I will never forget the days I spent with your family.5. I'll never forget the last daywe spent together.6. This is the school I used to study.7.

19、 Do you still remember the placewe visited last week8. Do you still remember the placewe visited the painting exhibition9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou,is famous for the West Lake10. Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, lies the West Lake11. Tom will go to Shanghai,live his two brothers.12. I live in Be

20、ijing,is the capital of China.13. There was a time there were slaves in the USA.14. It is the third time you have made the same mistake.15. This is the very novel aboutwe've talked so much.16. Who is the student was late for school today17. Who knows him wants to make friends with him18. He live

21、s in the roomwindow faces to the south.19. This is the hourthe place is always full of women and children.20. I hope you will find this valley a beautiful placeyou may spend your weekend.二、单选题1. Don t talk about such things of you are not sure.A. which B. what C. that D. those2. Is this the factory

22、you visited the other dayA. that B. where C. in which D. the one3. Is this factory some foreign friends visited last FridayA. that B. where C. which D. the one4. Is this the factory he worked ten years agoA. that B. whereC. which D. the one5. The wolves hid themselves in the places couldn t be found

23、.A. that B. where C. in which D. in that6. The freezing point is the temperature water changes into ice.A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what7. This book will show you can be used in other contexts.A. how you have observed B. what you have observedC. that you have observed D. how that you ha

24、ve observed8. The reason is he is unable to operate the machine.A. because B. why C. that D. whether9. I ll tell you he told me last week.A. all which B. that C. all that D. which10. That tree, branches are almost bare, is very old.A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which11. I have bought the sa

25、me dress she is wearing.A. as B. that C. which D. what12. He failed in the examination, made his father very angry.A. which B. it C. that D. what13. We re talking about the piano and the pianist were in the concertwe attended last night.A. which B. whom C. who D. that14. The girl an English song in

26、the next room is Tom s sister.A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing15. Those not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn16. Anyone this opinion may speak out.A. that against B. who against C. who is against D. who are agains

27、t17. Didn t you see the man A. I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just nowC. I nodded to him just now D. I nodded to just now18. Can you lend me the novel the other dayA. that you talked B. you talked about itC. which you talked with D. you talked about19. Is there anything to youA. that is belonged

28、 B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs20. “ How do you like the book ”“It s quite different from I read last month.A. that B. which C. the one D. the one whatwho had already21. Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except _ taken them.A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others22. An

29、tarctic we know very little is covered with thick ice all the yearround.A. which B. where C. that D. about which23. May the fourth is the day we Chinese people will never forget.A. which B. when C. on which D. about which24. The hotel during our holidays stands by the seaside.A. we stayed at B. where we stayed at C. which we sta