广东省陆丰市内湖中考英语辅导资料 定语从句 人教新目标版

1、定语从句一、了解定语思考：什么可以作定语？1、this is a big house. 形容词作定语2、he has long hair. 形容词作定语3、that girl in blue dress is lucy. 介词短语作定语4、the boy with curly hair comes from america. 介词短语作定语5、put the burned area under cold running water. 分词作定语 非谓语动词6、the photos taken by children are on show. 过去分词短语作定语 作定语7、the browns

2、have a comfortable house to live in. 动词不定式作定语8、some paper bags are dropped 名词作定语定语：是用来说明名词（代词）的品质或特征的词或词组，定语可由形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语或从句等担任。形容词常置于名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句常置于名词之后。二、定语从句的概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句的作用相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的某一名词或代词或整个主句，所以，也称作形容词性从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。在先行词和定语从句之

3、间起连接作用的词叫关系词。1. i have an apple. an apple is red.i have an apple that/which is red. (that/which)修饰先行词 an apple 先行词 关系词2.i like some friends. some friends like sports.i like friends who like sports. （who修饰先行词 friends ） 先行词 关系词3.i like music. the music is quiet. i like music that/which is quiet. ( tha

4、t/which修饰先行词music) 先行词 关系词先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词分关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, 等，在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语等。关系副词有where, when, why,how等，在定语从句中只用作状语。如何区分该用关系代词还是用关系副词，看该关系词在从句中所作成分决定。关系词的作用1、连接作用：关系词引导从句，把它和主句连接起来；2、替代作用：关系词在从句中代替在它前面的先行词；3、成分作用：关系词在从句中总是充当一个句子成分。三、关系代词的

5、用法:当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导. these are the trees which were planted last year.当先行词是人时, 用who, whom, whose , that引导. the man who i saw is called smith.who, whom, whose, that用法区别.1、who 作定语从句的主语或宾语. the man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker. the man is a worker.分解 the man is speaking at the meet

6、ing.作主语2、whom 作定语从句的宾语. the woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher. the woman is a teacher.分解 they wanted to visit the woman.作宾语3、whose 作定语从句的定语. i know the girl whose mother is a teacher. i know the girl.分解 the girls mother is a teacher. 作定语4、that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.关系副词的用法： wher

7、e指地点，其先行词表示地点，在从句中作地点状语；he will go back to the school where he studied next week.下周他要回到他曾经学习过的学校。when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在从句中作时间状语；i will never forget the day when i joined the league.我永远忘不了我入团的那一天。 why指原因，其先行词是原因，在从句中作原因状语。如： i don't know the reason why he quarreled with zhang lin.我不知道他同张琳吵架的原因。 合并句子：

8、1.the man is a worker.2.the man is speaking at the meeting. 下列情况只能用that：当先行词是形容词最高级或它前面有形容词最高级时：tom is the cleverest boy that i have ever known.当先行词是all, everything，something，everything，the one等不定代词时everything that we saw in this film was true. 当先行词前面有the only，the same ，the last，any，few，little，no，th

9、e very等词修饰时：the only thing that we can do is to give you some money.当先行词是序数词或前面有一个序数词时：this train is the last that will go to suzhou.当先行词既有人又有物时：do you know the things and persons that they are talking about？以who 或which 引导的特殊疑问句只能用thatwho is the girl that is crying？下列情况只能用which：a.先行词为that， those时，用w

10、hich， 而不用that.例如：whats that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：this is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。练习：请指出下列定语从句中的主句，从句 ，先行词 和引导词 。1、i like music that i can dance to.2、i prefer students that work hard.3、i hate tv shows which are boring.4、the book which is wr