交通运输学专业英语Lesson-9.

1、交通运输专业英语Lesson 9 The Environment andAutomotive Technology 1.However, the car in the modem sense began to take o什 only with the lightweight, fast-running internal combustion engines developed by Daimler and Maybach in Canstattand by Benz in Pfortheim, Germany. 2.Daimler and Maybach's first motori

2、zed vehicle was a kind of motorcycle, but soon the accumulated expertise of the coachbuilding tradition and the recently developed bicycle industry was used to fit such engines into a chassis, creating the ancestors of the modem motor car.：戴姆勒和迈巴赫的第一辆机动车是一种摩托车，但传统马车制造黠经黠镰霹藏发展被用来将这种发动机安装在3.Some of th

3、e early motor races did much to convince a sceptical public of the abilities of the new invention, creating a potential demand for cars, which was yet to be realized.convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 convince sb.说服某人convince sb. by sound arguments 以理服人一些早期的汽车竞赛很能说服公众对这一新发明能力的怀疑，对汽车产生了潜在的需求，这一点还被实现了。4. He

4、nry Ford is usually credited with the invention of mass production and mass motorization人们通常把汽车的大规模生产以及大规模机动化归功于 Henry Ford。Credit信赖；荣誉；赞扬贷款；信用证a man of high credit极有名望的人credit card赊购卡，信用卡credit sb. with认为某人某事具有；认为某人某事能够; 把归因于某人某事be credited with. 对有功5. Little was done to change the basic design of

5、the car although the new system, combined with such decisions as limiting the colour choice to black-then the quickest drying paint dramatically reduced the time needed to build a car.尽管新系统将汽车颜色限制为黑色，并采用快干漆以减少制造汽 车需要的时间，但汽车的基本设计很少有改变。6. This also enabled the development of the unitary construction o

6、r monocoque body dispensing with the chassis - a legacy from coachbuilding days - altogether on all but some specialist low-volume sports cars这也使整体式结构或无骨架式车身的开发成为可能，从而在专用赛车外的所有小汽车上省去了底盘，这是大客车生产时代的传统。7. We argue earlier that motor sport helped in making an eccentric new invention used by the rich int

7、o something more desirable and also more practical.desirable adj理想的，合意的，希望到手的，值得要的令人满意的，良好的，优良的desirable job理想工作早期我们争论是汽车比赛使这一由富人使用的古怪新发明变成更 受人期待而且也更实际的产品。Less on 8 The Electrical System8. Even at these low levels, supply often outstripped demand and many pioneering car producer were forced out of b

8、usiness in the early years of the century, Whereas others were caught out by more efficient competitors, Which began to emerge from about 1905 onwards, and left the scene in the years before world war I.out of business失业，破产From that moment onwards, Hong Kong returned to the big family of the motherl

9、and香港从那一时刻起，重新回到了祖国大家庭。即使在这样低的，供应也经常超过需求，许多汽车生产先驱者在 这一世纪的早期关闭了企业，而其他的则被效率更高的竞争者合 并，这种情况出现于1905年，并持续到第一次世界大战前。交通运输专业英语 9.Henry Fordfs intended market for the Model T was different. With his country origins he aimed his product at the farming communities of rural America, often isolated and yet with t

10、he means to pay for his relatively cheap cars. intended打算之中的，预期的；计划之内的；有意的，故意的；未婚的; 未来的 produce intended result 产生预期的结果 an intended insult 蓄意的侮辱onbs intended wife 未婚妻劇SWT翻y村的农民社区，他们远离城市但有Less on 8 The Electrical System 10.Although car ownership levels still tend to be higher in the rural areas of th

11、e industrialized world, the car has become very much a feature of towns and cities, and it is in this setting that most of its problems are created.蠶瞬澈翱的舉轟辭曙交通运输专业英语 11.This led on the one hand to a lowering of the threshold of automobile ownership and on the other hand allowed owners to use their c

12、ars as a trade-in, effectively a down payment on the Purchase of a new cap thus boosting new car demand Such developments would have a similar effect in post-war Europe.一方面这降低了汽车所有者的进入的门槛，另一方面允许所有者用他们的汽车作折价，有效减少了新车购买时的负担,继而推动对新车的需求。这一发展对战后的欧洲具有同样的 效果。 12.lt is not until the 1950s and 1960s, however,

13、 that we can really begin to speak of mass motorization, even in the USA, where the trend started earlier.然而直到20世纪50年代和60年代，我们真正地可以说汽车的大众化，即使是在开始趋势更早些的美国也是如此。 13o Firms such as Alfa Romeo or Panhard, Which prewar had concentrated on making sports or luxury cars in small volumes, now found themselves

14、 with mass production facilities, often left over from war production or built as greenfield developments after the war.象Alfa Romeo或者Panhard这些战前致力于生产小体积运动 飜蠶麟里總疆察蠶管嬢勰j端盂的设备这 14 o The urban air pollution problems caused by the motor car are attributable directly to our choice of the internal combusti

15、on engine as the means of propulsion, Even a century ago some observers recognized the dangers of this. be attributable to:归因于:由机动车引起的城市空气污染问题直接起因于我们选择内燃机 作为推进的手段，甚至在一不世纪前就有观察家意识到了这个 问题。rm丄技术进步上在个人消费上的体 高。15.The vehicle became an icon of the modernist age, the personal consumption embodiment of tech

16、nological progress, which offered immense improvements in personal mobility. 16.The environmental problems now associated with the motor vehicle are the result of the success of the modernist project to make mass-motorization available, and as sucn may be considered one of a broader set of contradictions evident in the development of capitalist societies more generally.:与汽年相关的环境问题是现代技术使大量机动化成为可能的结果, 因此五被普遍地认为是资本主义社会发展过程中一系列矛盾事件 之一。17.When assessing these problems, the discussion is often carried out within the conceptual fra