英语应用能力考试语法讲座ppt课件

1、英语运用才干考试语法讲座英语运用才干考试语法讲座谓语动词用单数的情况谓语动词用单数的情况1. and 衔接的两个或三个单数的主语前衔接的两个或三个单数的主语前假设有假设有every, each, no 修饰时。修饰时。Eg. Every man, woman, and girl needs love.Each girl and boy was given a book.No boy and no girl likes it.2. 由由either, neither, each, one, another, anybody, anyone, anything,nothing, nobody, n

2、o one, something,everything, everyone 等作主语时。等作主语时。Eg. Everything goes on well. He has two sons. One is a teacher, the other is an engineer.3. many a 和和more than one 等作单数等作单数主语的定语时。主语的定语时。Eg. Many a student wants to go there. More than one person was killedin the accident.4. 表示时间、数目、价钱、间隔等的复表示时间、数目、价

3、钱、间隔等的复数名词作主语，作为整体对待时。数名词作主语，作为整体对待时。Eg. Four hours is enough to do the experiment. Twenty years is a long time. Ten dollars is too much to pay for that shirt. Thirty feet is long enough.5. 有些名词以有些名词以-s结尾，如：结尾，如：maths, physics, politics , news,等学科名词，等学科名词，笼统名词，专有名词如：笼统名词，专有名词如：the UnitedStates, the

4、United Nation等等作主语时。作主语时。Eg. The United States was founded in 1776. Physics is very interesting. Weall like it.6. 单个的动名词、不定式、主语从句作单个的动名词、不定式、主语从句作主语时。主语时。Eg. Driving a car is not so easy. To get up early is hard for me.假设假设and 衔接两个动名词、不定式短语或衔接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句表示两个不同概念时，谓语用主语从句表示两个不同概念时，谓语用复数。复数。Eg. R

5、iding on the elephants and rowing the boats were the childrens favorite games.7. 假设假设and 衔接的两个词是指同一个人、衔接的两个词是指同一个人、同一个事物或同一概念，那么两个名词共用同一个事物或同一概念，那么两个名词共用一个冠词，一个冠词， 谓语动词必需用单数。谓语动词必需用单数。Eg. The teacher and writer is her friend. The singer and dancer is to attend the party.8. and衔接的两个名词表示组合在一同衔接的两个名词表示

6、组合在一同的一个整体或成套的东西，的一个整体或成套的东西， 假设需求冠词，假设需求冠词，那么只能在第一个名词前加那么只能在第一个名词前加a/ an /the，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。常作为一个整体概念对待的组合有：常作为一个整体概念对待的组合有：bread and butter 黄油面包黄油面包bread and cheese 涂奶酪的面包涂奶酪的面包a knife and fork 一副刀叉一副刀叉a watch and chain 一只系有表带的手表一只系有表带的手表a cart and horse 一辆马车一辆马车a cup and saucer 带茶托的茶杯

7、带茶托的茶杯needle and thread 针线针线law and order 法律和次序法律和次序9.当当one of, a portion of, a series of,a species of, a chain of 构造作主语时，构造作主语时，谓语动词要用单数方式。谓语动词要用单数方式。1) One of those students have not passed the examination. have has2) A series of pre-recorded tapes has been prepared for language laboratory use.谓语动

8、词用复数的情况谓语动词用复数的情况1. 表示成双成套的名词，如：表示成双成套的名词，如：trousers,shoes, glasses, compasses, socks,gloves, clothes等作主语时。等作主语时。Eg. His black trousers are much too long.Your glasses are right on your nose.Clothes keep people warm.Eg. Three pairs of socks have beenbought within a week. This pair of compasses was bo

9、ught in Beijing. A pair of teenage boys were smoking cigarettes.2. 有些名词本身表示复数意义，其谓语有些名词本身表示复数意义，其谓语动词要用复数。如：动词要用复数。如：people, cattle, police, goods.Eg. People are talking about it everywhere. Cattle feed on grass. All the goods have arrived. 3. the majority of+复数名词以及复数名词以及large quantities of + 不可数名词不

10、可数名词/可可可数名词的复数可数名词的复数 作主语时。作主语时。Eg. The majority of boys like football.Large quantities of food were wasted.4. 主语由主语由and 或或 bothand 衔接，谓语衔接，谓语用复数。用复数。Eg. Both coffee and beer are on sale in the shop. My friend and my lawyer have caught a bad cold. The writer and the educator have visited our school.

11、就近原那么就近原那么由连词由连词or, neithernor, eitheror, not only but also等衔接的并列等衔接的并列主语，谓语动词的单复数方式按就近主语，谓语动词的单复数方式按就近一致的原那么，与贴近它的主语一致。一致的原那么，与贴近它的主语一致。例如：例如： 1) Either he or you like playing football. 2) Either you or he likes playing football. 在在there be 的构造中，谓语动词的单复的构造中，谓语动词的单复数方式普通也采取就近一致原那么。例如：数方式普通也采取就近一致原那么

12、。例如： 1)There is a speaker and many students in Room A209. 2) There are many students and a speaker in Room A209. 其他情况其他情况1. 假设主语后面跟有假设主语后面跟有with, together with, along with, as well as, in addition to, rather than, like, but,except, including, besides等词引导等词引导的短语时，谓语动词根据主语的单复的短语时，谓语动词根据主语的单复数而定。数而定。Eg

13、. 1.The teacher as well as the students was excited. 2.The beautiful girl as well as the other American young men, prefers renting apartment to living at home. 3. The room with its furniturewas rented.2. 由由“some of, plenty of, a lot of, most of, the rest of, all of, half of, part of或分数、百分数或分数、百分数+of

14、+名词名词 等短语作主语时，等短语作主语时， 谓语动词的数常与谓语动词的数常与of后的名词坚持一致。后的名词坚持一致。Eg. Lots of the money has been wasted. Part of the apple is rotten. The rest of the apples belong to you.3. 在“one of + 复数名词定语从句的构造中，定语从句普通被看作是修饰该复数名词的，动词要用复数方式。 在“the one of + 复数名词定语从句的构造中，定语从句修饰的是“the only one，因此动词要用单数方式。1)She is one of the

15、 engineers who are good at English. 2) She is the only one of the engineers who are good at English. 2) are is the engineers the only one of the engineers4. the + 描画词作主语时，如主语指的描画词作主语时，如主语指的是一类人，谓语动词用复数方式；假设是一类人，谓语动词用复数方式；假设指的是单个人或笼统概念，谓语动词用指的是单个人或笼统概念，谓语动词用单数方式。例如：单数方式。例如： 1) The blind are taught tr

16、ades in special schools. 2) The departed was a good friend of his. (死者是他的一个朋友。死者是他的一个朋友。) 5.有些集合名词如有些集合名词如crowd, family, team, orchestra管弦乐队管弦乐队, group,government, committee, class, crew, school, union, firm, staff, public等，等，它们作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据言语它们作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据言语内容而定。假设它们作为一个集体单位时内容而定。假设它们作为一个集体单位时,动

17、词用单数方式，如就其中的各个成员来动词用单数方式，如就其中的各个成员来说，那么谓语用复数方式。例如：说，那么谓语用复数方式。例如： 1His family is going to move. 2His family are healthy. 练习练习1. _ of the land in that district_ covered with trees and grass.Two fifthis B. Two fifthareC. Two fifthsis D. Two fifthsare2. A library with five thousand books _ to the natio

18、n as a gift.is offered B. has offeredC. are offered D. have offered3. A professor and writer _ present at the meeting last Friday.have been B. wasC. were D. is4.My family, together with some of his old friends, _ there already.will be B. had beenC. have been D. has been5. No one except two girls _(be)late for dinner last night.6.Two hours _ the limit of thistest. are B. has been C. have been D. iswas7. Either dye or oil paints _(use) to color cloth.8. He is one of the boys who al