高中英语单词天天记surprise素材

1、surprisev. s ? 'pra ? z ( surprises; surprised; surprising )双解释义vt,使惊奇,使诧异 give a feeling of surprise tovt,意夕卜地发现 ,撞见 find or catch when unprepared基本要点?I.surprise的基本意思是“使惊奇”，指未曾预料的或空前的事物使人产生某种惊讶感或诧异感，强调始料不及或缺乏准备，引申可表示对未做防范的人采取行动或揭 露其试图掩盖的事实。用于军事上可指袭击，但不表示是否袭击成功。2.surprise是及物动词，其宾语常是人称代词。接名词、代词或以

2、现在分词充当补足语的复合宾语。3.surprise 后接介词at表示“对感到惊讶”；后接介词 from表示“出其不意 使说了”；后接介词into表示“出其不意地使人”；后接介词with表示“以使(某人)惊奇”。4.surprise的现在分词和过去分词都可用作形容词，在句中作表语或定语。surprise的现在分词作表语时含主动意义，主语一般是物。常采用以it作形式主语 的结构，其真正主语由that引出。surprise的过去分词作表语时含被动意义，主语一般是人，后接由介词at引导的短语、动词不定式或that/wh-从句，表示“对感到惊奇”。?词汇搭配? |+副词?surprise very mu

3、ch使非常吃惊?surprise agreeably又惊又喜地发现感到惊喜感到吃惊和不快使大为吃惊感到惊喜极其惊讶不可名状地感到惊讶完全感到惊讶对听到感到吃惊听到感到吃惊surprise delightfullysurprise disagreeablysurprise greatlysurprise pleasantlysurprise tremendouslysurprise unspeakablysurprise utterly+介词be surprised aboutbe surprised at the newssurprise sth from sbsurprise sb into

4、 tearssurprise sth out of sbsurprise sb with a visitbe surprised at 对听了这消息非常诧异出其不意地使某人说出某事出其不意地使人哭起来出其不意地使某人说出某事来访使某人感到意外常用短语?surprise at (v.+prep.)对惊讶 give a feeling of surprise to sth be surprise at sth/(sb's) v-ing用于beed结构There is nothing to be surprised at.没有可以惊奇的地方。You don't look very s

5、urprised at the news of his failure.你听至 U他失败的消息似乎并不感到怎么意外。I was surprised at hearing him say so.我听至 U他这样说彳艮吃，原。We were surprised at finding the house clean, bright and spacious.我们发现房子又干净又豁亮感到惊奇。他居然来了 ，她非常惊讶。She was very much surprised at his coming at all.surprise by (v.+prep.)以,使(某人)惊奇 give a surpr

6、ise of (sth unexpected) by doing sth surprise sb by sb/sth/v-ingI surprised everyone by wearing a terrible mask.我带了一副可怕的面具, 使大家受惊了。He surprised us by producing from his pocket a five-pound note.他从口袋中取出一张5 英镑的纸币, 这使我们感到意外。The magician surprised the audience by producing from under his hat a rabbit.魔术

7、师从帽子下面拿出了一只兔子, 使观众感到惊奇。用于beed结构They were surprised by this strange noise.这奇怪的声音使他们很吃惊。She was much surprised by the news. 那条消息使她大吃一惊。We were surprised by his success. 我们因他的成功而感到惊奇。surprise into (v.+prep.)以出其不意的方式促使进行force (sb) into (action or doing sth) bysurprising surprise sb into sth/v-ingWith an

8、 unexpected question, the clever lawyer surprised the prisoner into admission of his guilt. 聪明的律师以一个预想不到的问题迫使犯人承认了他的罪行。Her sudden question surprised him into betraying himself.她突然提出的问题使他原形毕露。用于beed结构7The prisoner was surprised into admitting his guilt.有人使囚犯无意中承认自己有罪。surprise out of (v.+adv.+prep.)出其

9、不意地使某人说出某事force (sb) to say sth by surprising surprise sth out of sbThe court surprised a confession out of the defendant.法庭冷不防使被告招了供。They surprised the secret of the murderous past out of the hypocrite.出其不意地使那个伪君子说出了他杀人的往事。The judge surprised the facts out of the witness.法官使证人冷不防地吐出了真情。surprise wit

10、h (v.+prep.)用,使(某人)惊奇 give a surprise of (sth unexpected) with sth surprise sb with sthThey surprised us with a visit.他们突然来访使我们大感意外。He surprised us with his knowledge of the locality.他对那个地方的熟悉使我们感到惊奇。Let's surprise her with a birthday party!让我们给她办个生日聚会, 叫她感到惊讶 !Her daughter surprised her with a

11、full mark in a math examination.她女儿, 叫她感到惊奇。句型例句用作及物动词 S+n./pron.He may surprise us all yet. 他总有一天会让我们大家惊奇。This of course surprised us all.这自然使我们都很惊奇。His enrollment as a member of the cricket club surprised us very much.他成为板球俱乐部的成员使我们十分惊讶。The next contestant surprised me. She made 139 jumps in half

12、a minute.下一个参加跳绳比赛的人使我吃惊, 她在半分钟之内跳了139 下。Her calmness at reception of the bad news surprised us.她接受那个坏消息时的平静态度令我们吃惊。The police surprised a burglar breaking into a store.警察意外地发现了一名盗贼闯入一家店铺。They surprised the animals at their food.他们乘那些动物吃食时突然袭击了它们。We surprised the enemy while they were still sleeping

13、.在敌人还熟睡时, 我们突然袭击了他们。用于beed结构Why are you surprised?It's proper that his wife should inherit all of hismoney. 你为何觉得惊奇?他的妻子继承他的全部财产是合理的。 It s/ed+n./pron.+to-vIt surprised me to see so many people there.在那里看到那么多人使我感到意外。 It s/ed+n./pron.+that-clauseIt surprised them that she was such a fine swimmer.她

14、游得这么好, 使他们都很惊奇。 S+be ed+to-v听你这样讲, 我感到吃惊。I'm surprised to hear you say that.我们惊We were surprised to see how welcome they were in the countryside.奇地看到, 它们在农村那么受欢迎。I was surprised to find that he knew nothing about the subject.我惊奇地发现 , 他对这个题目竟一无所知。The old man was quite surprised to find in the env

15、elope a ten yuan note.老人十分吃惊地发现信封里装着10 元钱。 S+be ed+that-clauseI'm surprised that you should think this way.我感到奇怪的是你竟这样想。I'm surprised that you didn't get a bawling from your wife.我很惊奇你妻子没对你大吵大叫。I am surprised that you should press the suggestion.我很奇怪, 你这样坚持提这个建议。Everyone was surprised th

16、at Jim didn't jump at his father's offer of apartnership. 对于吉姆不急于接受他父亲让他合伙干的建议, 大家都感到惊奇。I'm surprised that Mary's late.She's usually so prompt. 我没料到玛丽迟到了她平时做事总是很干脆的。 S+be ed+wh-clauseI was surprised why he came here so early.他为什么到这里那么早, 我很惊奇。I wouldn't be surprised if he chan

17、ged his mind.如果他改变主意, 我不会感到惊讶。用作宾补动词 S+n./pron.+(as)v-ingWereturned early and surprised the burglars searching through the cupboards.我们回来得早, 没想到正好撞见有贼在偷柜子里的东西。?词语辨异surprising, surprisedsurprise的现在分词和过去分词都可用作形容词,在句中作主语或表语，但两者含义不同：surprising指施加影响于人，使人产生惊讶的情绪；而surprised 指人受到外界影响而产生惊讶的情绪。surprise, start

18、le, wonder这组词都有“惊异” “震惊”的意思。其区别在于：wonder指对异常现象或难以解释的事感到“惊讶”或“疑惑”；surprise是普通用词，表示各种各样的惊讶；startle指因没有提防而“大吃一惊”或“吓了一跳”。surprise, alarm, amaze, astonish参见alarm条。surprise, ambush, waylay这三个词的共同意思是“突然袭击”。其区别在于:surprise 指趁对方出其不意时突然发动攻击，也指在对方没有料到时突然出现 ；ambush指游击战时在灌木丛中埋 伏以便伏击敌人，引申指类似遭到伏击的情况 ；waylay指潜伏在路边伺机

19、伏击或拦 路抢劫，也可指在路上拦住某人说话。?正误解析?1. 他的去世使我们很吃惊。误 His death was surprising to us all.正 His death surprised us all.析 surprise为及物动词，表示“令吃惊”,可以直接加宾语。2. 听到那消息，我们很吃惊。误We are surprising to hear the news.正We are surprised to hear the news.析 surprising为现在分词作形容词表主动，说明主语的性质。surprised 为过去分词作形容词表被动，具有“由于原因而惊骇”的意思，常跟动

20、词不定式或9at+sb's/sth v-ing 。3. 我对他在聚会上的举动感到吃惊。误I was surprised with his behavior at the party.正I was surprised at his behavior at the party.析 表示“对感到吃惊”，应该说 be surprised at,而不能说be surprised with 。4. 他在 20 天内写完了一本小说, 真令人吃惊。误It was surprised that he finished writing a novel in only twentydays.正It was

21、surprising that he finished writing a novel in only twentydays.析surprised 表示“感到吃惊的”, 其主语应该是人, 而 surprising 表示“令人吃惊的”, 其主语应该是物或某件事情。所以误句中的surprised 应改成surprising 。5. 关于对儿童施加暴行的新闻报道使人们感到震惊。误The newspaper report of an outrage against the children surprisedthe public.正The newspaper report of an outrage

22、against the children shocked thepublic.析surprise 侧重于表示“出人意料而使人感到惊讶”, 语气较弱。汉语中的“震惊” , 在英文中是shock, 这个词的意味远比surprise 强。6. 听到你这么说, 我真觉得奇怪。误I surprised to hear you say that.正I am surprised to hear you say that.析当 surprise 作及物动词表示“使惊奇”“使震惊”时 , 它后面可直接跟宾语 , 但要表示“某人对某事感到惊奇”, 往往采用be surprised to-v 的系表结构,surpr

23、ised 是过去分词, 在句中作表语。11surprisen.s ? 'pra ? z ( surprises )双解释义U惊奇，惊讶feeling caused by sth happening suddenly or unexpectedlyC令人吃惊的事物event or thing that causes this feeling基本要点?基本要点，用作1.surprise 表示“惊奇，惊讶”，用作不可数名词；表示“令人吃惊的事物” 可数名词。2.surprise 在句中还可用作定语。?词汇搭配动词+#affect surpriseask with surpriseattemp

24、t surprise cause surpriseconceal surpriseexhibit surpriseexpress surprisefeel surpriseget a big surprisegive surprisehave a surprise故作惊讶惊奇地问企图突袭引起惊讶掩盖惊讶的心情表现惊奇表示惊奇感到惊奇大吃一惊给一惊吃了一惊imagine one's surprise想象某人吃惊的样子? induce surprise导致意外之惊? joyous surprise令人喜悦的意外消息13? prepare surprise准备使惊讶? provide a s

25、urprise使大吃一惊? reveal surprise显露惊讶之色? show surprise表现惊奇spring a surprise on sb使某人大吃一惊? 形容词+? acceptable surprise可接受的意外? admiring surprise令人羡慕的意外? agreeable surprise愉快的惊奇? amiable surprise可爱的意外? annoyed surprise令人感到烦恼的意外? big surprise大吃一惊? blank surprise完全的意外? calm surprise不动声色的意外? charming surprise迷人

26、的意外? comic surprise喜剧性的意外? complete surprise完全出人意料? continual surprise连续不断的意外? curt surprise不客气的惊吓? delightful surprise令人愉快的意外? dramatic surprise戏剧性的惊人之举? dull surprise笨拙的惊人之举? effusive surprise热情洋溢的惊人之举? excessive surprise过分的使人吃惊? great surprise非常惊奇? happy surprise令人愉快的意外? hollow surprise无内容的惊人之举?

27、infinite surprise无穷无尽的惊奇much surprise非常惊奇mute surprise目瞪口呆painful surprise痛苦的意外pleasant surprise令人愉快的意外puzzled surprise离奇的意外quick surprise奇袭real surprise真正的意外total surprise使人感到十分惊奇的事情unexpected surprise使人感到意外惊奇的事情名词+birthday surprise令人原喜的生日礼物hurt surprise伤害的意外+名词surprise attack突然袭击surprise party料想/、

28、到的聚会surprise visit突然访问介词+by surprise冷不防，突然capture sb by surprise出其不意地俘获某人take the fortress by surprise奇袭要塞in surprise惊异地look up in surprise惊异地向上看to one's surprise使-惊奇的是with surprise惊异地without surprise毫不惊奇+介词surprise at对惊讶surprise at recent events对最近的事件表示惊讶surprise to出乎的意外常用短语(much/greatly) to on

29、e's surprise使某人惊奇的是not expect sth is to happenTo our great surprise, he won the prize.使我们感到十分惊奇的是他得了奖。To my surprise, the door was unlocked. 使我惊奇的是, 门竟然没锁。To my surprise,Premier Zhou Enlai himself showed up at our meeting.使我惊奇的是 , 周恩来总理竟然亲自出席了我们的会议。Much to my surprise it had stopped raining by t

30、he time I wanted to go out.我想出去的时候, 雨就停了, 使我大为惊奇。take by surprise1. 出其不意或毫不预示地攻击、捕获attack, capture, etc. sb/sth unexpectedlyor without warning take sb/sth by surpriseThe policeman took the burglar by surprise as he opened the window.当夜盗开窗时 , 警察冷不防地捉住了他。The town was well defended so there was little

31、chance of taking it by surprise.该城防守严密, 万难袭占。The invaders took the town by surprise.入侵者突然袭击, 攻下了那座城。The fort was taken by surprise. 那堡垒出其不意地被攻占了。2. 使某人吃一惊happen unexpectedly, so as to shock sb slightly take sb by surpriseThe news took me by surprise. 这消息使我大吃一惊。他的突然出现使我们非常惊His sudden appearance took

32、us quite by surprise.讶。句型例句19我永远不会忘记我们告诉他必须出其不意, 才能套出真情。想不到吧! 是我 ! 我回来了!他听到这消息后并不感到惊奇。斯摩尔先生对那条消息并不感到惊奇。I'll never forget his surprise when we told him.时他所表现出来的惊讶表情。The truth must be elicited by surprise.Surprise, surprise! It's me! I'm back!He heard the news without surprise.at the news.

33、看得出来, 他很惊奇。他惊奇得脸色都变苍白了。Mr. Small showed no surpriseHis surprise was visible.He turned pale with surprise.I noticed with surprise that the house had not been repainted and the gardentidied up. 我惊异地注意到房子没有重新油漆, 花园也没有整理。His eyes shone with surprise and joy.他的两眼流露出又惊又喜的神情。She came to me with a look of s

34、urprise.她带着惊讶的神色走到我这里来。Jack stared at me in surprise. 杰克惊异地打量着我。She looked at me in surprise when I suggested that the story might not betrue. 当我表示这个故事也许不真实时, 她惊异地瞧着我。I asked in surprise why she had not stayed in the hospital.我惊异地问她为 什么不住在医院里。I got a big surprise. 我大吃一惊。What a nice surprise! 多么好的一件惊

35、喜事!She gave them a surprise by arriving early.她来得早, 使他们感到很突然。Your letter was a pleasant surprise.没有想到会收到你的信, 真高兴。I was prepared for a surprise by my cousin's mysterious letter.我的表哥突然来一封神秘的信, 不过我思想上早有准备。I don't like surprises. 我不喜欢碰上意想不到的事情。We've had some unpleasant surprises.我们得到了一些令人不快的

36、意外消息。I have a surprise for you. 我有一件你想不到的事告诉你。She said to him after dinner, “ I've got a surprise for you ”。宴会后她对他说：“我给你带来了一件你意想不到的礼物。”His visit was a great surprise to me.他的来访使我大为惊奇。It was a complete surprise to me. 这对我完全是件意外的事。His resignation came as a complete surprise to his staff.他的辞职对手下工作人

37、员来说是十分意外的。Philip was conscious that his failure was a surprise to no one but himself.菲利普知道他的失败, 除了他自己外, 对别人都是意料中的事。We have some surprises in store for you. 我们有几件使你吃惊的事情要告诉你。The news of his promotion came as a surprise to Mr. Talbert.塔尔伯特先生听到了自己晋升的消息感到意外。Your visit will be a surprise to the family they do not e