内科学试题及答案甲状腺疾病

1、【内科学试题及答案】甲状腺疾病甲状腺疾病习题Translate and explanate:1. hyperthyroidism2. TSH receptor antibody3. hyperthyroidic heart disease4. subclinical hyperthyroidism5. apathetic hyperthyroidismQuestion and answer:1. Please explanate the three types of TSH receptor antibodies.2. Please state the three thyroid antibo

2、dies occuring in Graves disease,3. Which of the two antibodies can be used as a sign of Graves ophthalmopathy activities?4. what is the Induced factors of Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis ?5. what is characterized of Hematopoietic system when hyperthyroidism?6. Which causes can make thyroid-hormone bin

3、ding immunoglobulins change,7. what is the most sensitive indicator to reflect Thyroid function?1318. Which diseases were been found that the uptake rate of I increase or reduce (Give an example respectivly) ? 9. What is thediagnosis stantard for hyperthyroidism,10. What are the adverse reactions of

4、 Antithyroid drugs? llWhat is the mechanism of thyroid crisis,12. What are the main inducement of Hyperthyroidism crisis? Statements:1. what of clinical manifestations of Graves Simple ocular symptoms?2. Please state the peculiar clinical features and types of Graves disease,3. W hat is indications

5、of Antithyroid drug treatment?4. what are kinds and action mechanism of Antithyroid drug? Given two representatives of drugs respectivly5. What are the clinical features of thyroid crisis,6. Please state the salvage principle of thyroid crisis,单项选择题：1. TSH receptor is a kind of G-protein-coupled rec

6、eptor family , and composed by _ amino acid .A. 544 B.644 C.744 D.844 E.444 2. The highest positive rate of antibody in patients with GravesA. TPOAb B. TgAb C . TRAb D. NIS E. TSBAb3. The antibody that could reflect the disease activity markers in blood circulation of patients with Graves ophthalmop

7、athyA. D.针对眼外肌的抗体B. TRAb C. TPOAb D. TgAb4. The most common disorders of the heart rate in patients with hyperthyroidismA.心房颤抖B.室性早博C.房室传导阻滞D.交界性早博E.室速5. The age of morbidity of thyrotoxic periodic paralysisA. 40-50 岁 B. 50-60 岁 C. 60-70 岁 D. 20-40 岁E. 10-20 岁6. Mild degree of hyperthyroidism exopht

8、halmos in general does not exceed A. 16mm B. 18mm C. 20mm D. 22mm7. The sequence relations of occurrence of hyperthyroidism andGraves ophthalmopathyA. 45%两者同时发生B. 43%两者同时发生C. 45%甲亢先于Graves眼病发生D. 46%甲亢先于Graves眼病发生E. 47%甲亢先于Graves眼病发生8. Serum is a reflection of the most sensitive indicator of thyroid

9、functionA. FT B.FT C. TSH D. TRAb 3 4E. TgAb9. what is hyperthyroidism drug therapy adverse reactions?A.粒细胞减少B.皮疹C.中毒性肝炎D.血管神经性水肿E.急性关节炎10. The preferred choose drug is given during the full pregnancyA.丙基硫氧嗜嚏B.甲基硫氧嗜噬C.他巴陛D.甲亢平E.心得安11. Thyrotoxic crisis is the most commonly found A. 甲亢口月艮药治 疗时B.甲亢合并感

10、染时C.妊娠期甲亢D.冷淡型甲亢E.甲亢手术治疗后12. the main clinical manifestations of thyrotoxic crisis :A.呕吐、腹泻、脱水、休克、心慌气短B.心率加速、血压增高、脉压增大C高热、脉率快、焦虑、大汗、呕吐、失水、休克D.肺水肿、全身浮肿E心慌、心率略快、血压下降、体温略高多项选择题：1. The thyroid antibodies related with Graves disease A . TRAb B. TB?C. TPOAb D. TgAb E. TSBAb 2. The antibodies as a sign of

11、disease activity in patients with GravesophthalmopathyA. TPOAb B. TgAb C.针对眶后成纤维细胞的自身抗体D. 针对眼外肌的自身抗体E. TRAb3. the performance of cardiovascular system when hyperthyroidism A. 心悸气短B.第一心音亢进C.房颤多见D.脉压差大E.收缩压升高4. the performance of hematopoietic system whenhyperthyroidism A.淋巴细胞比例增加B.单核细胞增加C.白细胞总数减低D.可伴

12、发血小板减少性紫瘢E.白细胞总数增加5. The diagnosis of hyperthyroidismA.高代谢病症和体征B.甲状腺肿伴或不伴血管杂音C.血清FT增高4D. TSH减低E.高代谢体征6. The diagnosis of Graves disease A.甲亢诊断成立B.甲状腺肿大成弥漫 性C.伴浸润性突眼D. TRAb和TSAb阳性E.胫前粘液性水肿7. Hyperthyroidism and thyroiditis-induced thyrotoxicosis resultingin leakage of thyroid hormone-induced identifi

13、cation131 A.病史B.甲状腺体征C. I摄碘率D.FT)FT 34E. ECT8. Inhibit the synthesis of thyroid hormone drugA.硫服类B.咪陛类C. P-受体阻滞剂D.激素E.碘剂9. Indication for drug treatment of hyperthyroidism A.孕妇 B.术前准备C.年龄,20岁D.甲状腺轻中度肿大E.压迫病症10. Adverse effects of drug treatment of hyperthyroidismA.粒细胞减少B.皮疹C.中毒性肝炎D.胆汁淤积性黄疸E.急性美节炎11.

14、 The characteristic of Hyperthyroidism crisis131A.多见于感染,各种应急时B,最常见于I治疗的后期C.可能与交感神 经兴奋有关D.心率一般在120140次/分E.可伴心衰和肺水肿甲状腺疾病习题答案一、单项选择题答案l. C 2.C 3. A 4. A 5.D 6.B 7.B 8.B9. E 10. A 11. B 12. C二、多项选择题答案1. ABCDE 2. CD 3. ABCDE 4. ABCD 5. ABCDE 6. ABCDE7. ABCDE 8. AB 9. ABCDE 10. ABCDE 11. ACE三) 名词解释答案：1. 简

15、称甲亢,是指甲状腺腺体本身产生甲状腺激素过多而引起的甲状腺毒症, 其病因包括弥漫性毒性甲状腺肿、结节性毒性甲状腺肿和甲状腺自主高功能腺瘤.2. 也称为TSH结合抑制性免疫球蛋白,是存在于GD患者血清中的针对甲状腺 细胞TSH受体的特异性自身抗体.3. 甲亢患者在原有临床表现的根底上出现心律失常、心脏增大和心力衰竭.以 心房颤抖等房性心律失常多见,偶见房室传导阻滞.4.本症需在排除其它能够抑 制TSH水平的疾病的前提下,依赖实验室检查结果才能诊断,即血清T、T正常, 但是TSH减低.345.多见于老年患者,起病隐袭,高代谢综合征、眼征和甲状腺肿均不明显.主 要表现为明显消瘦、心悸、乏力、头晕、昏

16、厥、神经质或神志冷淡、腹泻、厌食. 可伴有心房颤抖、震颤和肌病等体征,70%患者无甲状腺肿大.临床中易被误诊.四) 简做题答案：1. TRAb分为三种类型即TSH受体刺激性抗体(TSAb)TSH刺激阻断性抗体 (TSBAb)和甲状腺生长免疫球蛋白(TGI)2. Graves病中易被检测出的三种甲状腺抗体为TSH受体抗体(TRAb)甲状腺过 氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)和甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TgAb) 3.针对眶后成纤维细胞的自身抗 体和针对眼外肌的自身抗体这两种抗体可作为Graves眼病活动的标志.4. 发病诱因包括剧烈运动、高碳水化合物饮食、注射胰岛素等.5. 周围血淋巴细胞比例增加,单核细胞增

17、加,但是白细胞总数减低.可以伴发 血小板减少性紫瘢.6. 妊娠、雌激素、急性病毒性肝炎、先天因素等可以引起TBG升高,导致TT增高;雄激素、糖皮质激素、低蛋白血症、先天因素等可以4引起TBG降低,导致TT减低.47. 血清TSH是反映甲状腺功能的最敏感的指标.1311318. I摄取率增高见于Graves病,I摄取率减低见于亚急性甲状腺炎.9. ?高代谢病症和体征；？甲状腺肿伴或不伴血管杂音;？血清FT4增高、TSH减 低.具备以上三项诊断即可成立.10. ?粒细胞减少？皮疹？胆汁淤积性黄疸、血管神经性水肿、中毒性肝炎、急性关节炎等.11. 可能与循环内FT3水平增高,心脏和神经系统的儿茶酚胺

18、激素受体数目增 加、敏感性增强有关.12. 主要诱因有感染、手术、放射碘治疗、创伤、严重的药物反响、心肌梗死 等.五) 论述题答案：1. 单纯性眼征包括下述表现:？轻度突眼：突眼度不超过18mm;?Stellwag征:瞬日减少,炯炯发亮;？上睑挛缩,睑裂增宽;?von Graefe征:双眼向下看时,由于上 眼睑不能随眼球下落,出现白色巩膜；?Joffroy双眼向上看时,前额皮肤不能皱 起;?Mobius征:双眼看近物时,眼球辐辕不良.2. Graves病特殊临床表现有？甲状腺危象？甲状腺功能亢进性心脏病?冷淡型甲 状腺功能亢进症?三碘甲腺原氨酸(T)型和甲状腺素3(T )型甲状腺毒症?亚临床甲状腺功能亢进症?妊娠期甲状腺功4能亢进症?胫前粘液性水肿?Graves眼病3. 适应症为?病情轻)中度患者;？甲状腺轻)中度肿大;？年龄,20岁；？孕妇)高龄 或由于其它严重疾病不适宜手术者;？手术前或放射碘治疗前的准备;？手术后复发且 不适宜放射碘治疗者.4.抗甲状腺药物可分为硫服类和咪陛类两类,硫脉类包括 丙硫氧嗜嚏和甲硫氧嗜噬；咪陛类包括甲硫咪陛和卡比马陛.5.临床表现为原有的甲亢病症加重,包括高热39?以上