英语专四单项选择题库

1、定语从句1. Itrainedhardyesterday,preventedmefromgoingtothepark.A.thatB.whichC.asD.ittthediagramshows,thesumspentontobaccoisnearlyaslargeasthatspentonalcohol.A.AsB.WhichC.WhatD.Like2. .Heisquitewornoutfromyearsofhardwork.Heisnottheman_hewastwentyyearsago.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom3. Chinesecustomspolicewon

2、deredifthereweresomeundergroundpassagesthecocainehadbeensmuggledintoChinafromMyanmar.A.throughwhichB.inwhichC.throughthatD.inthat4. ThetemperatureFahrenheitandCelsiusthermometerreadingsareequalis40degrees.A.bywhichB.forwhichC.towhichD.atwhich5. TherewasastormIhadneverexperieneedbefore.A.suchasB.aswh

3、ichC.withwhichD.forsuch6. Theresidents,hadbeendamagedbytheearthquake,weregivenhelpbythegovernment.A.alltheirhomesB.allwhosehomesC.allofwhosehomesD.alloftheirhomes7. Thecoursenormallyattracts30studentsperyear,uptohalfwillfromoverseas.A.inwhichB.forwhomC.withwhichD.ofwhom8. Perhapsthere'onlyonethi

4、ngonwhichthecitizensofAtlantadoagree:there'sonlyacitywillnotlookthesameorbethesameafterthissummer.A.thatB.whichC.asD.where9. TheteamcanhandiewhateverA.thatneedshandlingB.whichneedhandlingC.itneedshandlingD.needstobehandied10. Thephysicianhasmadeadiscovery,ofgreatimportancetotheprogressofscieneea

5、ndtechnology.A.IthinkwhichB.thatIthinkisisD.whichIthinkit11. Johnreturnedwithtwolaborers,withhelpwefinallygetthecaroutofthemud.A.theirB.whoseC./D.that12. Shesaysthatshe'IIneverforgetthetimeshe'sspentworkingasasecretaryinourcompany.A.whichB.whenC.howD.whereTShesaysthatshe'IIneverforgetthe

6、timesheworksasasecretaryinourcompany.A.whichB.whenC.howD.wheret(1)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuildingweboughtlastmonth.A.whichB.whenC.howD.where(2) Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuildinghasjustbeencomplete.A.whichB.whenC.howD.where(3) Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuildingweworkedtwoyearsago.A.whereB.whenC.that

7、D.which非谓语动词causedthepartytobeputoff-theinvitation.A. TomdelayedsendingB. Tom'sdelayingsendingC. TomdelayingtosendD.Tomdelayedsend2. Icanftgetmycaroncoldmornings,soIhavetotrytheradiatorwithsomehotwater.A.run,tofillB.running,filingC.running,tofillD.ran,filling【分析】此题答案选B，anyoneseencarryingbags为谕瞰t

8、onewhowasseencarryingbags之略，其中过去分词短seencarryingbagscar时他定语修饰代词bag§野。目匏另外、句中whowasseen。sbdoingsth这一结构的被劫式。hardanddoingorwhatever,whattheycouldwasstoppedbythepol4. Noweveryoneherewasworking3. Anyone_bags,boxes,ice.A. seencarryB. seencarryingC. sawtocarryD. sawcarryingmoremoney.A. makeB.tomakeC.ma

9、kingD.made分析】此题容易误选A。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词could就断定此处应填动词原形make,其实正确答案应是B,此句为省略句，即在could后省略了动词do,若把句子补完整应为Noweveryoneherewasworkinghardanddoingwhattheycoulddotomakemoremoney,即句中的不定式短语(tomakemoremoney)是用作目的状语的,而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句：Myparentsdidwhattheycouldmvauntanduncle.A.c.helphelpingHereadB. tohe

10、lpD.helpedwhathecouldhisknowledge.A.widenB.towidenC.widening以上两题均选也会麻烦。为此,HeranD.widened，即选不定式，且此不定式为目的状语。请再看两题：asfastashecould但是，同学们若据此形成思维定势,tocatchthebus.A.c.hopehopingB.tohopeD.hoped此题的最佳答案不是B,而是C,其中的现在分词短语hopingtocatchthebus用作伴随状语，即一边跑一边希望能赶上早班车。但是，如果选B，将tohopetocatchthebus视为目的状语行不行呢不行。因为“他拼命地跑

11、”目的是“为了赶上公作为“目的”不Hestudiedas因为同样的原因,hardashe共汽车”，而不是“为了希望赶上公共汽车”，换句话说，将“希望”卜面一题也应选hoping:A.hopeC.hoping(4)HespentB.tohopeD.hopedeveryminutehecouldforeignlanguages.A.studyB.tostudyC.studying5.AllherDstudiedtimeexperiments,shehasnotimeforsports.A. devotedtodoC.devotingtodoingD.B. devotedtoisdevotedtod

12、oingdoing【分析】此题最佳答案为r-xdevote意为“致力于,现分析如下：献身于”，主要用于devoteto或bedevotedto此题也应选G但是，它与上题选现在分词的hoping表伴随有所不同，此题studying其实与其前的动词spend钱+(in)有关，即套用的是“spend+时间或金doingsth”这一句型。其中的to是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。(2)选A错误：若将d。改为选B正确：allhertime用作状语。选C错误：因为训herdevoted。doing则可以。devotedtodoingexperiments为独立主格结构，time

13、与devote为被动关系,故应将devoting改为选D错误：若单独看Allhertimeisdevotedtodoingexperiments，此couldtoenteragoodcollege.句并没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简单句没有必要的连接方式,所以从整体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so，则可选D,或将D中的is改为being也可以。6.“Whatmadehershewasawoman,Abecame,不填Cbecome,ThatsohardstruggleanartistB. tobecome,不填D.tobecome,That【分析】此题容易误选G想当然地认为第一空

14、应填become（不带t。），是因为其前有使役动词made其实，此题应选D,在Whatmadeherstruggletobecomeanartistsohard句中，what是句子主语，made是谓语、herstruggletobecomeanartist是宾语（其中的不定式tobecomeanartist是修饰herstruggle的定语）,sohard是宾语补足语。许多同学误选C是将herstruggle看作宾语，而将becomeanartist看作是宾语补足语，照此分析，sohard又是什么成分呢第二空填That，用以引导主语从句（此that不可省略），其后的谓语和宾语等被省略，若补充完

15、整，即为Thatshewasawomanmadeherstruggletobecomeanartistsohard.7. IfoundIcouldeasilymakemyselfbyusingsignlanguage.A.understoodB.understandC. tounderstandD.beingunderstood时的动词应用过去分词表被动。又如：1)Asateacher,A.respectC.respectedHespokeA.hearC.heard【分析】答案选A,但容易误选B,即硬套“make+名词或代词+动词原形”这一结构。但是对于该结构同学们忽略了一点，就是该结构中的名

16、词或代词应与其后动词有逻辑上的主谓关系，而对于上面一题，myself与动词understand显然不是主谓关系，而是动宾关系,或者说是被动关系，故此youshouldmakeyourself_B.respectingD. torespectloudlysoastomakehisvoiceB. hearingD.tohear(3) DoyouknowwhatmadehersoA.frightenB.frighteningC. frightenedD.tofrighten答案均选C,即用过去分词表示被动意义(其中frightened为过去分词转化来的形容词)。8.Onceyourbusinessb

17、ecomesinternational,constantlywillbepartofyourlife.【分析】最佳答案为D。由于空格后出现了constantly这一副词，这就说明不能选B或C,因为B、C均为名词，不能受副词constantly的修饰。A和D均是可能的，因为其中有动词fly。但若选A，youfly是一个主谓结构,与其后的谓语willbe相冲突，所以只能选D,即动名词flying在此用作主语。9.NotonlyshouldyoubutyoualsoA. towork,toC.towork,toyoupaydodoingQetusedmoreattentionB. toD.tound

18、erdifficultyourworkworking,todoingworking,todoconditionswell.【分析】正确答案为A. youflyB,因为getB. yourflightusedto与payattentionto这两个结构中的toobjecttodoingsticktodoinggetdowntodoingtaketodoingsthadmittodoingpayattentiontodoing“D10.cyouhaveanythingarestordoA.typingB.C.typed【分析】此题容易误somethingtoD.D,根据more,sir”“No.Y

19、oucanhaveelse.”betypedtotypehavesthtodo这一常用结构推出。其实，最佳答C.flightD.flying均为介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不能用动词原形。类似地，以下各结构中的to也是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时也应用动名词，而不是动词原形：lookforwardtodoingsth盼望做某事beopposedtodoingsth反对做某事sth反对做某事sth坚持做某事sth开始做某事喜欢上做某事承认做了某事sth注意做某事devoteone'stimetodoingsth把某人的时间用于（奉献于）做某事beequaltodoi

20、ngsth等于做某事，能胜任做某事Whatdoyousaytodoingsth你认为做某事怎么样案是B。确实，在“have+宾语+不定式”结构中，用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动含义，如Ihavesomeclothestowash等，即尽管其中的someclothes与其后的不定式towash具有被动关系，但却习惯上用主动式表示被动意义。但值得指出的是，这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系，如1havesomeclothestowash中的towash就是由该句主语I来完成的°而上面题的情形有所不同，即其中的totype这一动作不是由句子主语you来完成的，而是由说话者“我”

21、来完成的。比较：AreyougoingtoShanghaiDoyouhaveanythingtotaketoyourson你要去上海吗你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗I'mgoingtoShanghainextweek.Ihavealotofthingstotakewithme.下个星期我要去上海，我随身要带很多东西去。同位语从句同位语从句属于名词性从句，常常跟在fact,promise,reason,truth,idea,opinion,news,hope,belief,suggestion,conclusion,information,order,decision等名词后面。同位语从句自

22、殳用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容，在逻辑上表现为同位关系。要突破同位语从句，需要注意以下几点：一、正确使用同位语从句的引导词。引导同位语从句的主要有连接词that（不用which）,whether（不用if）。1 .如果同位语从句意义完整，不缺少句子成分，常用that引导同位语从句。例如：Iheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.我听到了我们队获胜的消息。2 .如果同位语从句表示“是否”含义时，常用whether引导同位语从句。例如Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。原题再

23、现AlongwiththeletterwashispromisehewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether答案：B二、同位语从句与其中心词可被谓语动词等其他成分分隔，此时要能分清句子结构。例如Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthecity.人已名至逃出城他突然想起可能敌了。原题再现AstorygoesElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednobleme

24、natcourt.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.thatconditionsneedThereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecarsroadA. that;tobeimprovedB. which;tobeimprovedC. where;improvingD. when;improving答案:DA三、表示建议、命令、要求等的名词(如suggestion,proposal,advice,order,request等)后接同位语从句时，从句通常使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用n(should)+动词原形”。例如：Theteache

25、rgaveordersthatthework(should)befinishedbefore4o'clock.Thesuggest!onthatthestudents(should)havepientyofexerciseisverygood.同位语从句讲解与练习1定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,report,remark等，关联词多用从属连词。如：Theywereallverymuchworriedoverthefactthatyouweresick.又寸你生病这件事，他

26、们都很焦虑。WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome你在哪儿听说我不能来EarlyinthedaycamethenewsthatGermanyhaddeclaredwaronRussia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如：Ihavenoideawhetherhe'IIcomeornot.我不知道他是否来°连接代词who,which,what和连接副词where,when,why,how亦可引导同位语从句。Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkrequirescons

27、ideration.谁该干这项工作、这个问题需要考虑。Wehaven11yetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.至胆那儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。Itisaquestionhowhedidit.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。1. that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别句法功能音义that引导的同位语从句that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。补充、说明在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。that引导的定语从句that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。修饰、限定

28、女口：ThenewsthatMr.LiwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue.(同位语从句，that不可省)李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。Thenews(that)hetoldmeyesterdayistrue.(定语从句That在从句中作的宾语，可省)他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。2一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。如：Thisisouronlyrequestthatthis(should)besettledassoonaspossible.这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这

29、个问题。用适当的连接词填空：worriedherabitherhairwasturninggray.2. Ihavenoideawecandowiththesewastematerials.doctorreallydoubtsismymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.ishopednaturewillneverbedestroyed.youguesswillgiveatalkonEnglishtomorrowIdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.-Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff7. Wordc

30、ameIwaswantedattheoffice.8. Doyouknowofthemwillbeournewheadmaster9. Theteacherdidn'ttellmewewerewrong.10. It1sgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants.B.单项选择ItwastrueAlicedidsurprisedhermother.A.thatB.whatC.that,whatD.what,that2. Doesmattermuchhecan'tcometothemeeting.A. it,ifB. that

31、,ifC. it,whetherD.this,whetherareyouanxiousaboutA. HowcanwesucceedB. WhetherwecansucceedC. WhencanwesucceedD. Thatwecansucceedsuccessissheisboth4. Thereasonthelittleactresshasbeensuchacleverandhard-working.A.why,whyB.why,thatC.that,becauseD.for,because5. leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A. W

32、hoB.WhoeverD.Theperson6.Ireallydon'tknowIhadthisphototaken.'trememberA.whereB.thereC.whichD.thatA.whereitwasthatD.itwaswhyB. itwasthatC.whereitwas7.Dr.BlackcomesfromeitherOxfordorCambridge.IcandoyouthinkofChina-differentlifeistodayfromitusedtobe.D.What,thatA.How,whatB.What,whatC.How,that9.Gi

33、vethistoyouthinkcandotheworkwell.C.whoeverD.whomevermeisIcan'tlearnalltheseEnglishidiomsbyheart.A.That,thatB.What,whatC.That,whatD.What,that11.Thefactsheworkshardiswellknowntousall.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which答案A.1.thatwhy7.that2.what3.what,whether4.that5.who6.8.which9.where10.whateverB.15CABBB610AC

34、ACD定语从句和同位语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句很相似，但还是有区别的，区别主要在以下三方面：1.从词类上区别同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise3order等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。如：Thepossibilitythatthemajorityofthelaborforcew川workathomeisoftendiscussed.人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里

35、工作的可能性。（同位语从句）Wearenotlookingintothequestionwhetherheisworthtrusting.我们正在调查的问题不是他是否值得信赖的问题。（同位语从句）Wordcamethathehadbeenabroad.据说他已经出国了。（同位语从句）Ourteamhaswonthegame,whichmadeusveryhappy.我们的队赢了，这让我们很高兴。（定语从句）Thedoctorwhomyouarelookingforisintheroom.你找的那位医生在房间里面。（定语从句）Hismotherdidallshecouldtohelphimwithhisstudy.他妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助他的学习。（定语从句，代词all作先行词）2.从性质上区别定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释，属于名词性从句的范畴。如：Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真