高一定语从句课件(自制)

1、 The Attributive Clause (定语从句定语从句 ）Grammar-revision: 定语从句高考如何考？定语从句高考如何考？ 高考对定语从句的考查频率相当高且具高考对定语从句的考查频率相当高且具有以下特点：有以下特点：1.考查关系代词和关系副词的基本区别；考查关系代词和关系副词的基本区别； 2.考查介词关系代词引导的定语从句；考查介词关系代词引导的定语从句； 3.考查与强调句的区别考查与强调句的区别4.which,as引导的非限定语从句指代全文引导的非限定语从句指代全文5.与名词从句中与名词从句中that,what的区别。的区别。6.考查与并列句的区别考查与并列句的区别

2、(eg:one of them or one of which)7.在阅读与完型中对句意的影响。在阅读与完型中对句意的影响。先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl 关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词Mary is a girl.She has a long hair.Mary是一位长发的姑娘。是一位长发的姑娘。Questions:1.关系词有哪些？他们在从句的关系词有哪些？他们在从句的作用是作用是？2.关系词与先行词的关系是关系词与先行词的关系是She has a long hair.who关系词关系词（ 先行词在从句中的替身先行词在从句中的替身）关系关系代词代词关

3、系关系副词副词指代人或物；在指代人或物；在从句中充当定语从句中充当定语：指代物；在从句指代物；在从句中充当主、宾语：中充当主、宾语：指代人；在从句指代人；在从句中充当主、宾语：中充当主、宾语：在从句中充当地在从句中充当地点状语点状语在从句中充当在从句中充当时间状语时间状语The reason whyAdding: which ,as 引导非限定性定语从句时，它们指代引导非限定性定语从句时，它们指代全文全文.that,who,whomthat,whichwhosewherewhen作定语从句的小技巧：作定语从句的小技巧：在确定该题是定语从句后可以：在确定该题是定语从句后可以：1.排除无关的关系词

4、；排除无关的关系词；2.根据关系词排除指人或指物；根据关系词排除指人或指物；3.根据逗号排除根据逗号排除that;4.根据从句的句子结构先看是否缺主、宾根据从句的句子结构先看是否缺主、宾 再看是否缺定语，再看是否缺定语，最后才看是否缺地点或时间状语。最后才看是否缺地点或时间状语。指人指人：指物：指物：如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词1 1、找出定语从句中是否、找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语都齐全主语和宾语都齐全。如齐全。如齐全用关系副词用关系副词。 用什么关系副词看先行词。用什么关系副词看先行词。I will never forget the days (_ I stayed with you)

5、.when_Jurassic Park is about a park _ (a very rich man keeps differentKinds of dinosaurs)._where1958 was the year _ (Spielberg made his first real film)._Please give me the reason _ (you made such a great success)._whenwhyMorning is the best time _ (you practise reading aloud)._whenDo you remember t

6、he lake _ (you first met your girlfriend.）_where2 2、如定语从句中缺宾语，确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物、如定语从句中缺宾语，确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物 动词，如是，用动词，如是，用关系代词，关系代词，如不是，用如不是，用关系副词。关系副词。如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词 Yesterday we went to visit the house _ (the great writer used to live)._wherein whichThe house _ (they built in 1987) stayed up in th

7、e earthquake.which that /_ _Luckily none of the people _ ( I know) were killed in the earthquake. whowhom that /_ _My father was born in the year _(the Second World War broke out)._in whichwhen3 3、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用关系副词。关系副词。Kunming is a beautiful place _ ( flowers are see

8、n all the year round).whereOctober 1st is the day _ ( new China was founded).whenThe window ( _ was opened this morning) has been broken.Which thatThe meeting ( _ will be held next week) is very important.Which that如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词 (1) that (1) that指物时一般可以与指物时一般可以与whichwhich互换，但在下列情况互换，但在下列情况引导词只用引导

9、词只用thatthat，不用，不用whichwhich。 当先行词为当先行词为all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时，如：等不定代词时，如： a. All that can be done has been done. b. I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. c. There is little (that) the enemy can do besides surrender. 先行词被先行词被all, ever

10、y, no, some, any, little, much修饰时修饰时： Ive read all the books (that) you gave me.先行词是先行词是序数词序数词或或形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰时。修饰时。This is the best book (that) Ive ever read.This is the first composition (that) he has written in English.先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the last the only, the very, the last 修饰时。修饰时。That

11、 white flower is the only one (that) I really like.This is the very book (that) I want to find. 当有两个或两个以上分别表示当有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物人和物的先行词时，这个定的先行词时，这个定语从句要用语从句要用thatthat而不用而不用who (whom)who (whom)和和whichwhich引导。如：引导。如：He talked about the teachers and schools （that） he had visited.先行词是疑问词先行词是疑问词who, which,

12、 what 时，定语从句用时，定语从句用that而不用而不用who, (whom)和和which引导。引导。Who is the person that is standing at the gate?Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this?What that is on the table belongs to me? 当关系代词在从句中作表语时：当关系代词在从句中作表语时： Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. China is no l

13、onger the country that it used to be. Which可以引导非限定性定语从句，可用于介词后，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。 1 She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. that 2. The weather turned out to be good, _ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it B B 考点三：as与

14、which引导的定语从句对这两个词作如下归纳：对这两个词作如下归纳： 1、如果定语放主句后，即引用、如果定语放主句后，即引用as也可以用也可以用which. He failed to the exam, as (=which) is natural. She seems a scientist, as (=which) in fact she is. Grammar is not a dead rule, which (=as) I have said before. 2 2、如果从句在主句前，这时要用、如果从句在主句前，这时要用asas而不用而不用whichwhich引导引导 定语从句。如：

15、定语从句。如： As we all know, his parents were killed in the war.As we all know, the earth is round.3.用于the sameas,suchas，asas, soas中，一般用as。e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting.This is the same book as I lent you yesterday.4.as代表前面主句意思时，有代表前面主句意思时，有“正如正如”之意，而之意，而which没有没有此意思，从句中的动词常是此意思，从句中的动词常是

16、expect, know, see, think, want, suppose等。等。 He won the match, as we had expected. He agreed to the plan, as was to be expected. The police were looking for him, as he thought.考点三：as与which引导的定语从句Here is so big a stone as no man can lift.5. as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如be known，be said，be reported等，如从句中行

17、为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。e.g. She has been late again, as was expected. Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.6.如果从句的内容对主句内容起着消极作用，或者说导致如果从句的内容对主句内容起着消极作用，或者说导致的结果，则用的结果，则用which.a. He cheated his friend of mach money, which was very disgraceful.b. He came back late, which made his mother wor

18、ried.考点三：as与which引导的定语从句考点四：关系代词前介词的确定如何选定介词如何选定介词:1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im sure.3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was fou

19、nded.4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词 + of + 关系代词”的结构，如：e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two- thirds of whom have been to Beijing.5. Whose从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型，如：e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south. They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in

20、a house, the door of which open to the south.考点四：关系代词前介词的确定 关系副词when, where, why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如：when=in/on/at+which, where=in/on/at+which, why=for+which 介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。 eg. 1. I wont forget the date when( on which) I was born. 2. This is the room where (in which) I lived. = This i

21、s the room which I lived in. 3. I dont know the reason why (for which) he havent come today. 4. Tom still remembers the days when (in which) they lived in Tianjin. 考点四：关系代词前介词的确定思考？思考？是否所有的介词是否所有的介词+关系代词都能用关系副词代替关系代词都能用关系副词代替?The painting (_ I looked) was painted by me.at whichThe book (_ I heard) w

22、as written twenty years ago.about whichThe pen (_ she wrote that book) can now be seen ina museum.with whichKunming is a beautiful place _ ( flowers are seen all the year round).where/in whichI will never forgot the day _ I first met you on the ship.on which/whenduring whichThe film (_I fell asleep)

23、 was very boring.结论：结论：只有当介词只有当介词+关系代词充当地点状语、时间状语或原因状语关系代词充当地点状语、时间状语或原因状语时，才能用关系副词代替。时，才能用关系副词代替。Correct the sentences:1. Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday.2. Is that factory which your father once worked in?3. The man whom I spoke is from Canada.4. July 1,1999 is the day when well neve

24、r forget.(去掉)the one_to_which5. The students and things which you spoke of are known to us._that5.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from.6. The student whos book I had borrowed didnt come to school today.7. Who is the worker who took some pictures of the factory.8. It is the one

25、of the best films which have been shown recently.9.The third place which we are going to visit is Hangzhou10.Which is known to all, many satellite are going around in the sky._as_Whosethat_that_ that_As练习题练习题1、All_ is useful to us is good.A、whichB、whatC、thatD、whetherC2、Is this factory _ we visited l

26、ast week.A、whereB、thatC、whichD、the oneD3、She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC4、This is the school _ my father worked 20 years ago.A、thatB、whenC、whichD、whereD5、This is the very factory_we visited last year.A、thatB、whichC、whatD、the oneA6、The text is one of the

27、most interesting stories_learnt in the past three days.A、that haveB、that have beenC、which hasD、which has beenB7、The college wont take anyone _ eyesight is weak.A、whoB、whoseC、of whomD、whichB8、Let me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.A、whereB、thatC、of whomD、whichA9、The man _ you are talking is in the next room.A、to whomB、about whomC、about whoD、whomB10、This is the last factory _ he used to work at, many workers of _ still have a good relationship with him