(完整)初中英语常用冠词讲义

1、讲义2:冠词一、冠词的概念：冠词是一个虚词，它置于名词之前，限定名词的意义。二.冠词的分类：冠词可分为 定冠词，不定冠词和零冠词三类不定冠词有a,an两个，定冠词只有the,零冠词是不用冠词。三、不定冠词的用法1 .a用于辅音发音开头的词前，如：a book; an用于元音发音开头 的词前， 如： an apple, an hour2 .表示类别：这种用法是指某人或某物属于某一种类，或者指某一 种类的人或物中的任何一个或一件，或者指某一种类的人或物，但不具体说明是何人或何物。例如：That is a pen, not a pencil.那是钢笔而不是铅笔。（指属于某一种类）Give him a

2、 pear, please!请给他一个梨。（指某一种类中的任何一个）Listen! A boy is singing in the classroom.3 .和one的区别：a/an表示类别、种类，One强调数量。a bus （表示是一辆公交车 而不是一辆小汽车 也不是火车） one bus （强调是一辆车 而不是两辆或三辆）4 .表示基本单位，作“每一”讲。例如：three times a day, 10 yuan a kilosix class a day thirty miles an hour等。四、定冠词的用法1) .定冠词的最基本的用法是“特指”：表示某个或某些特定的人或 物。Be

3、ijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。2) .再次提到上文提到过的人或物，应该用定冠词the。例如：Tom has an apple, The apple is big and red.3) .指谈话双方都知道的人或物。例如：Let' s go and give it to the teacher.咱们去把它交给老师吧。4) .用于某些固定词组中。例如：in the morning / afternoon / evening , play the piano 等。5) .用在形容词前表示一类人。the old 老人the young 年轻人the

4、 rich 富裕的人6) .用在序数词或形容词最高级前。He is the tallest one in our class.The first thing I want to say is to listen carefully in class.7) .用在表示“姓”的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇二人The Greens came to China two years ago .8) .用在由普通名词构成的表示场所的专有名词前。the Great Wall 长城 the Summer Place 颐和园9) .在江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河前用the。the Changja

5、ng River 长江(注意在乐器前必须加定冠词 如弹钢琴play the piano play the violin)10) .不能用定冠词the的几个方面：(1)在节日、星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词。如：in summer, in August(2)一日三餐和球类运动名不用冠词。如：have breakfast ,playfootball四、零冠词用法1)在物质名词，抽象名词前不用冠词The desk is made of wood.2)国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：England , China Mary Lilei Mr.Green3) .在星期、月份，季节等名词前；Sunday

6、March summer4）名词前有物主代词，指示代词，不定代词，名词所有格修饰时（this , my, that , those , these , her）如：this morning my pen your watch whose bike 等5）在球类运动、一日三餐、学科和语言的名词前如：have breakfast play chess play basketball6）当by与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词;例：by bus, by train 等。五、冠词练习1、.Howlong does it takeus to go to yourhometown from

7、here?hour or more to train.a ; anC. an; /It takes us go to my hometown byA. an; aB.第一个字母h不发音，所以一小时应用D. a; / 【答案】C 【解析】冠词的考察 houran hour; by介词，当交通工具前无修B./;the2、 John can play guitar, but he can' t play chess.A. the;/C. the; the答案：A 解析：考查冠词的用法。表示“弹奏乐器”使用定冠词the ,表示“下 棋”不使用冠词，故选A项。3、 What exciting s

8、ports show!Yeah, I love this game.A. aB. theC. an答案：C【解析】考查冠词的用法。exciting是元音音素开始的单词，所以 用an。4、 I like music, but I don' t like musicof this film.A. aB. anC. theD.不填答案：C【解析】：冠词用法。不定冠词 A和an表泛指。定冠词The表特指。由句意“我喜欢音乐，但我不喜欢这部电影的音乐”。故选Co5、 - By the end of this year, China' s state and provincial （省的）

9、libraries will be free to the public.-That' s good news for those who of ten go to these places.A. aB. theC.不填答案：C【解析】冠词的用法。答语中news是一个不可数名词，故前面既不 能用a也不能用an,定冠词the 一般用于第二次提到的某个事物。6、 - What do you usually have for breakfast,Peter?-A friend egg, three pieces of bread and a glass of milk.A. aB. anC.

10、 theD. /答案:D解析：考查冠词的用法。三餐前不用冠词，故选D项。break; I want to makeB. a; the7、 Let' s have telephone call.A. a; a答案：A【解析】本题考查固定短语的构成。have a break是固定搭配，意为“休息一下"；make a telephone call也是固定搭配，意为“打电话”。故选A8、. Do you knownder tree?girl who is standing一 Of course! She is Lucy, my classmates.A. the, the B. a,

11、 a C. a, / D. /, the答案：A【解析】冠词用法。the用于特指某人（物），本句意思就是指树下站着的这个女孩，girl, tree都是特指，故选择A。六、专项练习1 HanMeimei is Chinese girl. Lucy is English girl.A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a2 A little boy wrote"U" and"n" on the wall.A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a3 old lady in brown is unive

12、rsity professor.A. An; a B. An; / C. The; an D. The; a4 There are sixty minutes in hour.A. an B. the C. a D. /5 This is interesting book and it is also usefulone.A. an; an B. an; the C. an; a D. a; a6 A computer is useful tool in world today.A. an; the B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a7 .Fancy saw accident in the street yesterday.A. the B. a C. an D. /8 .Now he is artist. 1 have known him since he wasone-year-old boy.A. a; an B. a; a C. an; an D. an; a9 .Whi