宾语从句讲解,练习及答案

1、宾语从句一、基本讲解1. 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg.He said he was good at draw ing.动词宾语)He asks him how long Mike has bee n dow n .动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said.介词宾语)2. 连接词(1) 陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that，口语中常常省略。eg. She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2) 以whether或if引导的宾语从句，主

2、要用来引导一般疑问句 意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg. I won der if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外。a. 当从句做介词的宾语时只用 whether不用ifeg. We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或not连用时， 只用whether.eg. PI ease let me know what to do n ext. Could you tell m

3、e whether to go or not?c. if当”如果”讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.(3) .特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词 后要用陈述句语序。E.g. Could you tell me what's the matterwro ng with you?特殊情况：式纟结构应为think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时句引导词+ do you thi nk +陈述句语序。a.当主句是一般现在时,3. 宾语从句时态的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时使句时，例从句不受王句Do you know (if/whether he has

4、seen the film) ?b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如:I didn't know ( if/whether he had seen the film.)注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象,科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如:He said (that the earthmovesro und the sun)The teachertold us (that light travels much faster than sound).4. 人称的变化和标点的使用a. 从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语

5、一致; 如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变 化。如：（一主二宾三不变） “ May I use your knife ” He asked me.k He asked me if he might use my knife. “ Do you know her tele phone nu mbfer ” He asked me. k He asked me if I know her tele phone nu mber.b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是 疑问句，用问号。女口：'t knOWon ' t knowho wil

6、l give us aWho will give us a talk? I dontalk.Do you know? Where does he live? kDo you know where he lives?二、宾语从句的转化1.当主句谓语动词是 hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree等,且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。女口：She agreed that she could hel p me with my maths.k She agreed to help me with my maths.2. 当主句的谓语动词是 kno

7、W, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面 带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可 以简化成 疑问词+不定式结构”。例如：I don't know which sweater I should buy. k I don't know which sweater to buy.3.当主句的谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时，从 句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成 疑问词+不定式结构”，或者在连接代词/副词引导 的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，

8、宾语从句可简化为 连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。如： kCould you tell me how to get to the p ark?4.当主句谓语动词是find，see, watch，hear等感官动词时，从句 常简化为 宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形 式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.T She found the wallet lie/ly ing on the ground.宾语从句小口诀:宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词;主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制;主句一般过去时，从句须

9、用相应时;陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether.特殊问句疑问词，弓I导词后陈述式。初中宾语从句专项习题巩固练习()1. Have you decided _A. whe n will you leaveC. you will leave whe n )2. Can you tell me _A. where does Tom liveB. where Tom livedC. Tom lives whereD. where Tom lives)3. The old man asked me.A. where was the cin emaB. where is the cin

10、emaC. where the cin ema wasD. where was the way to the cin ema)4.1 thi nkyou will like him.A. thatB. ifC. why)5. I didn ' t knowhe will come or not.A. thatB. whetherC. weather)6. I won der.A. how much cost these shoesC. how much these shoes cost)7. She asked me.A. who he was B. who was he)8. Ask

11、 him.A. whose cup this isC. this is whose cup)9. I don ' t know.A. what time the movie starts_for Australia?B. whe n do you leaveD. whe n you will leaveD. howD. howB. how much do these shoes costD. how much are these shoes costC. who is heD. who he isB. whose cup is thisD. whose is this cupB. wh

12、at time starts the movieC. the time to start the movieD. the movie what time starts)10. The doctor asked me how long _C. I have been ill D. I had been ill 't say.B. if does it rain tomorrowD. if will it rain tomorrowA. was I illB. have I been ill)11. The weather forecast does nA. if it rains tom

13、orrowC. if it will rain tomorrow)12. Do you know?B. whose pen this isD. whom the pen bel ong to?C. the tape is D. is the tapeA. whose pen is thisC. whom does the pen bel ong to)13. Could you tell me whereA. the tape was B. was the tape )14. They want to know?A. where is the hos pitalB. how old are y

14、ouC. whe n the train will leaveD. why is the boy crying)15. Tony wan ted to know.A. what had Father Christmas put in his stock ingB. whe n Father Christmas had put in his stock ingC. what Father Christmas had put in his stock ingD. where Father Christmas had put in his stock ing)16. No one knowsthe

15、pro fessor will come to our school tomorrow to giveus a talk or not.C. whereD. ifA. whe nB. whetherB. whe n was the first watch madeD. what was wrong with her watch,so we n eed your help.B. what we should doD. what should we do_ with the rubbish and it p ollutes out land and)17. July didn ' t kn

16、ow_ A. where is Tim ' s father C. who the old man is)18. No one told usA. how should we doC. what to do)19. We don ' t knowsea.C. what do itD. what to doA. how do itB. how to do)20. He asked me.A. whether I find out the sen der of the moneyB. whether did I find out the sen der of the moneyC.

17、 whether the sen der of the money found outD. whether I found out the sen der of the money)21. Did you hear?D. what I sayA. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what)22. Can you tell me?B. which class are you inD. are you in which class me? - Certai niy.B. I can get to which stati onD. how I can

18、get to the stati onyesterday?C. you have gone D. you wentA. which class you are inC. you are in which class)23. -Excuse me. Could you tellA. whe n can I get to the stati onC. which stati on can I get to)24. Could you tell me whereA. did you go B. you go)25. Tom asked me.B. whose shirt this wasD. who

19、 shirt this was?A. whose shirt was thisC. who shirt was this)26. Excuse me, could you tell meA. where ' s the teachers ' officeB. where ' s the bus stationC. what ' s she doingD. where the post office is)27. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I don' t know.A. she lives whereB.she wher

20、e livesC. where she livesD.where does she live)28. - Go and ask Mr. White for help. - But I don ' t know .A. where does he liveB.where he livesC. where is he livi ngD.he lives there)29. - Can you tell me? - Yes, he lives in a small tow n.A. where he livesB. who is singingC. whe n he will leaveD.

21、 what he said)30. Have you decidedfor London?A. whe n will you leaveB. whe n you will leaveC. whe n are you goingD. whe n you are going)31. Excuse me. Could you tell meour tickets?A. where do we showB. where shall we showC. where did we showD. where we shall show)32. - What are you in terested in ab

22、out cook ing food? - We are all in terested in.B. how is egg friedD. how does egg fryA. how egg is friedC. How egg fries)33. Do you know?C. who is he D. whose n ame is itA. what it is B. what is it)34. Do you know?B. whose book this isD. who ' s book this isA. whose book is thisC. this book is w

23、hose(now.)35. I don t knowA. where is my catC. where my cat is)36. Does he know?A. what ' s your nameC. what your is n ame)37. Do you know?A. which floor he livesC. he lives on which floor)38. Tell me where?A. is the hos pitalB. the hos pital is C. is hos pital D. hos pital is)39. He hasn '

24、t decidedA. if he ' ll go on a trip toXA/u C. if he goes on a trip to Wu xi)40. Can you see?A. what he ' s readingC. what does he readB. my cat is where D. where my catB. what n ame is your D. what your n ame isB. which floor he lives onD. which floor does he lives onB. whe n will he go on a

25、 trip to Wu xi D. whe n does he go on a trip to Wu xiB. what is he read ingD. he reads what宾语从句巩固练习参考答案1. 参考答案D 你决定什么时候去澳大利亚了吗？宾语从句用陈述语序。2. 参考答案3. 参考答案4. 参考答案5. 参考答案6. 参考答案7. 参考答案8. 参考答案9. 参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序，where作从句的宾语。C宾语从句用陈述语序，where表示地点。A if表示选择，我想你是否将喜欢他。B 有 or not，所以用 whether.C宾语从句用陈述语序.A宾语从句用陈述语序

26、,who作从句的宾语。A whose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从句的宾语。A宾语从句用陈述语序。10. 参考答案D主句是过去时，从句也要用过去相应的时态，医生问我之前我 已经病了，所以用过去完成时态。11. 参考答案12. 参考答案13. 参考答案14. 参考答案15. 参考答案C if连接宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序。B whose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从句的宾语。C宾语从句用陈述语序。C宾语从句用陈述语序，时态不受限制。C 主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去相应的时态，因为圣诞老人是之前就把礼物放进袜子里了，所以用过去完成时态。16. 参考答案17. 参考答案 的时态。18. 参考答案which class.D你能告诉我怎样可以去车站，当然可以。宾语从句用陈述语序,D宾语从句用陈述语序。B宾语从句用陈述语序，谁的衬衫用表示所有格的 whose,后面需D宾语从句用陈述语序，由E局在哪儿，需用表示地点的 where.C我想去看王夫人，但是我不知道她住在哪里。宾语从句用陈述whose后加名词35. 参考答案C36. 参考答案D37. 参考答案B有 or not 就用 whether.宾语从句用陈述语序，主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去相应没有人告诉我们应该做什么，所以我们需要你的帮助。宾语从 句用陈述语序，如果选B就是没有人做什么，us后面是宾语