被动语态专项练习及答案详解

1、被动语态专项练习及答案详解一、单项选择被动语态He1Louis Cha （金庸） passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.A could have been rewardedBmust have been rewardedDneed have been rewardedC should be rewarded 【答案】 A至于他的成就，有这样的评论：他本A.

2、 could have been rewarded 本可以被解析】详解】 考查情态动词 +have done 用法。句意：金庸去世了， 能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。授予； B. must have been rewarded 一定被授予；C. should be rewarded 应该被授予； D. needhave been rewarded 本必要被授予。根据语境， 【点睛】A 选项正确。could have done 可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。 际未做，有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，通常译为 去动作的推测，常可译为 “可能（已经 ） ”。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学

3、奖，但却没有 获得的惋惜。故 A 选项正确。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实“本来可以 ”本“来能 ”，也可以表示对过2 It is the third time so far that such a festivalin my hometown.Ais heldB has been heldCwill be held【答案】 BD had been held解析】试题分析：考查句式用法。 This is the first （second, third三）次。一般来说，This is the first （second, third 句使用现在完成时，但是这个句子中， 还没有举办，要用将来

4、时。故选 考点 : 考查句式用法）tim从句，这是第一（二，）tim从句tha这个句式中 that从so far 距今为止，表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动，C。3 Are we about to have dinner?Yes， itin the dining room.A serves B is servingC is being served D has been serving 【答案】 C【解析】考查时态。因 serve 与 it（dinner） 是动宾关系，要用被动语态；由问句中的 are about to（ 即将）have dinner和答语Yes可知，已 在”供应dinner 了，

5、故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选 C。4. Do you know why a meeti ngby the middle school teachers last Sun day?To dema nd smaller classes of no more tha n 25 to 30 stude nts in each class.A. was held B. had been heldC. has held D. held【答案】A【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。meeting是hold逻辑上的宾语，故用被动语态，再由时间状语last Sunday可知用一般过去时。故选 A。句意：一一你知道为

6、什么上星期日中学老 师召开会议吗？ 一一要求更小班，每个班不超过 25-30个学生。5 . Local governmentsto strengthen water transport safety managementrecent fatalaccide nts.A. are urging, followed B . are being urged, followingC. are urged, to follow D . urge, being followed【答案】B【解析】考查谓语动词的时态及语态。句意：最近接连发生的致命事故敦促地方政府加强 水路运输安全管理。urge sb. to

7、 do sth.，为固定搭配。敦促某人做某事”分析句意可知是A与D是错误的。事件已发生了事故促使政府加强管理。因此政府与敦促是被动关系，故Bo,for the故不能用to follow作定语，following ,后面的，其次的，下列的。因此要用6. 103 . When you visit our tow n n ext August, a moder n sp orts cen terNati onal Games are to be held the n.A . will be con struct ing B . will have bee n con structedC . has

8、bee n con struct ing D . is being con structed【答案】Bn ext【解析】考查将来完成时态的被动语态。句意：明年八月当你访问我们城镇的时候，一个 现代化的体育中心将已经被建成，因为那时全国运动会将被举行。根据时间状语August，排除C, D两项，再根据 a modern sports center和construct是被动关系，排除 A 项，用将来完成时态的被动语态。故选B项。in the sha pe of birds.7. Chinese kites in ancient timesA. design B. had designedC. we

9、re designed D. have been designedin ancient【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。根据times可知，句子用一般过去时态，根据动词与主语是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语 态，故选Co8. Oral English examsin China twice a year to give more cha nces to the stude nts.A. has held B. will be heldC. will hold D . has been held【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：英语口语考试将在中国

10、每年举行两次，为的是给学生更 多的机会。句中主语 Oral English exams和动词hold是被动关系，表示动作将要进行不是完 成，排除D,故选B。in the p ast decades to p rotect the environment.A. had made B. have made9. Various effortsC. were made D. have been made【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据in the past decades可知句子用现在完成时态，efforts是句子主语，复数形式，和谓语动词mak

11、e之间是被动关系，所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态，故答案为Do10. Have you tele phoned your father?-Yes, heback next week.A. is expectedB. expectsC. will expect【答案】A【解析】D. will be expected试题分析：句意：-你给你的父亲打电话了吗 ？一是的，他有望明年回来。这里sb beexpected to do现在现在盼望明年回来，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，这里 父亲。根据句意故选 A。考点：考查动词时态及语态的用法。he应指的是11. It was the natural di

12、saster, rather than human errors, thatfor the death of somany innocent people.A. are blamedB. was to blameC. was blamedD. were to blame【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致以及 be to blame的用法。句意：是自然灾害，而不是人为错误，应对这么多 无辜人类的死亡负责。 be to blame for 表示 应受责备，应对负责”时，固定短语，因此 排除A、C项；这里强调主语 the natural disaster，是一个强调句，谓语动词应与主语保持 一致

13、，即与the natural disaster保持一致，因此用 was to blame，故选B项。12. Peter is helping set tables in the hall , where John s birthday partyA. is holding B. has heldC. is held D. will be held【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：皮特正在帮着在大厅里放桌子，约翰的生日晚会将在这里举行。根据前面语境正在放桌子，可知现在party还没举行，马上将要举行，生日晚会”与举行”之间是被动关系，故选Doin the mountains for two

14、13. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who days.A. are trapping B. have been trappedC. were trapping D . had been trapped【答案】D【解析】 考查语态和时态。句意：一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者o“whoin the mountains for two days 是定语从句，修饰 two tourists , two tourists 禾口trap之间是被动关系，该空应用被动语态。由risked可知，营救人员救游客是

15、过去的事情，被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前，即过去的过去”，该空应用过去完成时态。综上，D选项正确。过去的过had been done。点睛：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，即 去”，其表达形式为had done,被动语态的表达形式为14.scores of times, but Derek still could nt understand how to usenpa st participlecon crete situati on.A. Having explainedB. Having been explainedC. Though it was exp

16、lained【答案】DD. It was explained【解析】因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选Do15. No decisi on _A_ about any future appoin tme nt un til all the can didates have bee n in terviewed.A. will be madeB. is madeC. is being made【答案】A【解析】D. has been made试题分析：考查时态，主语是decision和动词make是动宾关系，所以用被动式，因为后面的句子a

17、bout any future appointment可以知道动作未发生，所以用将来时，句子意思关于未来会议没有做出任何决定直到所有的报考者已经被采访”，所以选A考点：考查时态点评：做时态题时，首先看时间状语，由时间状语来确定句子的时态；如果没有时间状 语，可以根据隐含的意思来确定句子时态。16. If the new safety systemto use, the accident would never have happened.A. had been putB. were putC. should be put D. would be put【答案】A【解析】【分析】详解】考查虚拟语

18、气。句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生 了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done 形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故 A 项是正确的。【点睛】英语中的三种语气，语气是动词的一种形式，用来说明我们对自己的话所采取的态度。陈 述语气（疑问，否定，肯定，感叹）祈使语气（命令，要求，建议，警告）虚拟语气：不 可能发生的事，愿望，建议，与事实相反的假设等.虚拟语气在条件中的具体用法真实条件句If you work hardyou II surely pass the e）虚拟条件句（假设情况不存在，实现机会很 小）If I were a b

19、ird, I could fly freely in the sky.if从句的谓语动词主句谓语动词1.与现在事实相反动词过去式（ be 一律用 were） wouId/couId/might/shouId+ 动词原形 2.与过去事实相反 had donewould/could/might/should+have done3. 与将来事实可能相反a.动词过去式（be 一律用were）b.should+动词原形（不能用 would）c.were to+动词原形would/could/might/should+ 动词原形与现在事实相反 if 从句：动词过去式（ be-were ）主 句： woul

20、d/could/might/should+ 动词原形 If we had time, we would go with you.If I were you, I shouldn t do that.If it weren t raining, wey与u过去事实相反 t sif 从句：had done 主句： would/could/might/should+have doneIf the teacher hadn t helped us, we couldn t havet been ill, he mighsucceeded.I could have done it better if I

21、 had been more careful.If he hadnhave come.3.与将来事实可能相反if从句：a.动词过去式（be 一律用were） b.should+动词原形（不能用 would）c.were to+动词原形主句：would/could/might/should+ 动词原形 If he came tomorrow, I would tell him everything.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home and watch TV.If it were to snow tomorrow, they woul

22、d not go out.Should he come tomorrow, please give the book to him. 错综时间条件句在虚拟语气中，有时条件从句动作发 生的时间和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，称为错综时间条件句。这种句子的形式往往 要根据句子的时间相调整，分别处理。 If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would know what to do now.If you had followed the doctor s advice then, you would b.Ief yaolluright nowhad wate

23、red them more, the crops would be growing still better now.（ 有时时间会省略）含蓄条 件句有时虚拟条件不用if条件从句，而用介词或介词短语来表示。They would not be ableto live without him.（如果没有） He would have failed but for his teacher s（要ely advice.不是） =if it had not bee n forIf only you had worked with greater care!（ 要是就好了） Youwould have d

24、one the same thing in her position.With a little more care you could have avoid the traffic accident. 虚拟结合条件句在虚拟语气中，假设的情况有时间可以通过上下文或其他方 式表现出来，并且虚拟的情况和真实的情况同时存在。I was ill that day. Otherwise, I wouldt been illhave taken part in the singing competition. （实虚） =I was ill that day. If I hadnthat day, I w

25、ould have taken part in the singing competition.He would have bought the piano, buthe did n t have eno ugh money虚实）=He would have bought the piano if he had hadenough money, but in fact he didn t have enoUgh略Tfr倒e装条件句在虚拟语气中，if从句假设的情况中如果有助动词had, should和were,那么可省略if，把had, should和t dowere 放在句首构成倒装，简称省略

26、 if 倒装条件句。 If he had finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.=Had he finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.If I were you, I wouldn t do that.=were I you, I wouldn should meet him, I would tell him about it.=Should I meet him, I would

27、tell him about it.17 The filmSchindler s List ” , wasby a real person, named Oskar SchindlerA inspired C rised D 【答案】 ABpromptedinsured解析】详解】考查过去分词。 A. inspired 鼓舞； B. prompted 引起，提示； C. rised 上升； D. insured 确保。 句意：电影辛德勒的名单的灵感来自一个真实的人，名叫奥斯卡辛德勒。结合句意可知此处用被动语态，故答案为A。18 You can t meoivn right now. The h

28、ousenow.Ahas painted Bis paintedC is being painted D is painting 【答案】 C解析】详解】考查语态。句意：你现在不能搬进来 ,房子正在被粉刷。根据句意可知，此处应使用现在进 行时的被动语态。故 C选项正确。19 It was announced that only when the fire was under controlto return to theirhomes.Athe residents would be permittedBChad the residents been permitted would the re

29、sidents be permittedD 【答案】 Cthe residents had been permitted解析】句意：通报说,只有火势得到控制了居民们才被允许回家。这里It 是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句；that引导的主语从句中， only+状语从句位于句首，状语从句对应的主句要用倒装语序，且此处表示过去将来，故选C。20 Our society would be better off but for the fact that the economy global financial crisis. Ahad been affectedB were affecte

30、dby the currentC should be affected 【答案】 DD is affected解析】详解】考查时态和语态。句意：如果不是经济受到当前全球金融危机的影响，我们的社会会更 好。此处表示一种客观事实，且 the economy 和 affect 之间是一种被动关系，所以 that 引 导的同位语从句中用一般现在时态的被动语态，故答案为D。21After completing the training, I, together with my classmates, to the town that was farfrom the city. A were sent【答

31、案】 BB was sentC have been sentD has been sent解析】【详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：完成了训练，我和我的同学被送往了远离城市的一个小镇。together with (和)符合就远原则，故现在只看主语I,是单数；根据下文的was判断为般过去时， send 和主语 I 之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，即一般过去时的被动语态，主 语是单数，故用 was sent，故选B项。【点睛】本题考查就远原则，即谓语动词的形式和前面的那部分主语保持一致。常见的符合就远原 则的词或短语有： as well as;(together/along/combined) wi

32、th; rather than; except; besides; but;including; in addition to; apart from ； instead of 等例如：Nobody but two students is in the classroom. 除了这两个学生 ,没有人在教室。 Everybody except you is down on me. 除了你 ,大家都看不起我。A woman with two children has come. 一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了。.John, rather than his roommates, is t

33、o blame. 约翰 ,而不是他的室友 ,应该受到责备。A number of foreignersOct.1.22to watch the 70th anniversary of the founding of the PRC onA AttractedBhave attractedDwere attractedC was attracted 【答案】 D解析】70【详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意： 10 月 1 日，一些外国人被吸引来观看中华人民共和国成立 周年纪念活动。分析句子可知， attract 是谓语动词，由时间状语 on Oct.1 可知，用一般过 去时，主语 foreigne

34、rs 与 attract 是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语foreigners 是复数，故选 D。23. - Why are you buying a new refrigerator? The old oneso many times that it worth it ahysmote.A. has repaired B. is repairedC. has been repaired D. has been repairing 【答案】 C解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：你为什么要买一台新冰箱？旧的冰箱已经被修过很多次了，它都不值得再修了。表示现在之前的动作对现在造成的影响用现在

35、完成 时，主语 “冰箱 ”和“修理 ”是被动关系，故选 C。24 The letters for the bosson his desk b ut he didnt read them until 3 days later.A were put 【答案】 AB was putCputD has put解析】分析】详解】 考查被动语态。句意：给老板的那些信放在他的办公桌上，但是直到三天以后他才读了那些信。letter信件”和put放”之间是被动的关系，所以排除C和D,然后因为letters是复数，谓语动词用 were put, 故选 A。25. The hurricane to reach th

36、e coast tomorrow morning.If so, we d better make full preparations for it.D is predictedA. will be predicted B. is predictingC. has predicted【答案】 D解析】分析】【详解】 考查动词的时态及语态。句意：预测飓风明天早上会到达海岸。如果是这样的话，我们最好做好充分的准备。 A. will be predicted 将被预测； B. is predicting 正在被预测；C. has predicted 已经预测； D. is predicted 被预测。

37、分析句子可知，空格处的主语是 the hurricane 与动词 predict 二者是被动关系，要用被动语态。 B 和 C 是主动语态，故不正确。D。26 Neither Mary nor her parents A has informedC has been informed 【答案】 DD have been informed根据第二句话可知，飓风明天早上才到，现在还没到，即飓风到达海岸是现在做出的预 测，所以要用一般现在时，故选of the exciting news, which surprises us a lot. Bhave informed解析】【详解】 考查主谓一致及语态

38、。句意：玛丽和她的父母都没被告知这个令人兴奋的消息， 很吃惊。根据句意可知，此处使用被动语态； neither no（r 既不，也不） 看离谓语动词最近的主语，这里 her parents 是复数，且是被告知，所以用这让我们有就近原则，只have beeninformed ，故选 D 项。【点睛】本题考查就近原则。就近原则是指谓语动词的形式和离它最近的主语保持一致。英语中常见的就近原则的词或者短语有：not-but,or, either or,neithernor,not only -55 also ,there be 句型， whether o r ，例如：There is an apple

39、 and two bananas. 这有一个苹果和两根香蕉。Not only you but also your father likes fishing. 不仅你，而且你爸爸也喜欢钓鱼。27 The Olympic Sports Center in 2019at present in the city and is said to be open to the publicAis built Bhas built Cis being built D will be built 【答案】 C解析】详解】考查时态语态。句意：奥运会体育中心现在正在被建。据说 间状语是 at present 意为

40、“现在 ”，介绍正在发生的事情，主语2019 年会对公众开放。句中时the Olympic Sports Center 与build 该词被动关系，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。故C 项正确。28 The accident which left 15 people on board dead passenger and the bus driver had kept calm. A should have avoidedif both the angry femaleB should be avoidedC could have avoided 【答案】 DD could have been

41、avoided解析】【详解】考查“情态动词 +完成式 ”。句意：如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静，这起导致 15 人 死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。 could have done 本“来能做而没有做 ”，且句子主语 Theaccident 和谓语动词 avoid 之间是被动关系，结合句意可知答案为【点睛】情态动词 + have done 结构：D。1. “must + have过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只 用于肯定句。如： It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2. “ can / co

42、uld + have过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could 一般用于否定句和疑问句，could 的语气较 can 弱。如：He cant have finished the work so soon.3. “ may / might + have 过+ 去分词 ”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，might的语气比may弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用can或could。如： They may not have known it beforeha nd.4. “ need + have过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或过去做某事纯属多 余。如： I neednt have bought so much wine only five people came.5. “should / ought to +