高中英语2020届二轮复习语法专项倒装句和省略句教案

1、倒装句和省略句重难点分析一、倒装句倒装句主要考查以下几个方面： 含有否定意味的词置于句首，用部分倒装； “only+状语/状语从句”置于句首，用部分倒装； so/suchthat句型中，"so+形容词/副词”提前，用部分倒装; 表示方位的副词或介词短语放在句首，要用完全倒装。1 .倒装句用法一览表：分类倒装条件及相关句型结构例句There be句型There are many students in our school.我们学校有彳艮多学生。完表地点的介词短语置于句首,：地点状语+谓语(be, lie, sit等)+主语Near the river is/stands a pine

2、 tree.河的附近有一棵松树。全倒here, there, now, then, up, down,away, out 等副词位于句首Out rushed the boy.这个男孩冲了出去。Then came the teacher.接着老师进来了。装直接引语的一部分或全部位于句首，主句倒装："，"said/asked sb.“You had better stay at home,“ said my mother.“你最好待在家。"我妈说。强调表语，置于句首，或为保持句子平衡Fastened to the pole is the national flag.系

3、在/什上的是国旗。We saw a house, in front of which stood a tall tree.我们看到了一所房子，房子前面1棵高高的树。主谓宾结构的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句Have you finished your homework?你完成家庭作业了 吗？Why did you buy it?你为什么买它？seldom, never, little,hardly,nowhere, by no means, in no time等表否定意义的副词或短语置于句首Seldom does he watch TV.他很少看电视。By no means will I give

4、up trying.无论如何我者B不会放弃常尝试的。only+状语/状语从句 置于句首Only when you have grown up can you understand your parents.只有等你长大了，你才能理解你父母。not only but also连接并列的句子，前倒后不倒Not only does he do well in study, but also he is ready tohelp others.他不仅成绩优秀，还乐于助人。not until位于句首时Not until the early years of the 19th century did ma

5、n knowwhat heat is.直到19世纪初，人们才知道热是何物。部no sooner than连接并歹U的句子，No sooner had they started than it began to rain.他们刚分前倒后不倒一出发，天就下起雨来了。倒neither nor连接并列的句子,前后Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.我不知道，装都倒也不关心。so/suchthat中such/so 的修饰成分So fast did he speak that I didn' t follow him.他说得如置于句首时，前倒后

6、不倒此快，我都跟不上。Such good players are they that they often win.他们是如此好的运动员，以致他们经常赢得比赛。as/though引导的让步状语从句，构成Child as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他是小孩，他懂得很多。“形容词/副词/名词/动词/分词Young though he was, he understood the meaning.虽然他很+as/though+主语+谓语的其他部分”的年轻，却懂那意思。倒装形式so, neither 或 nor 表示前句所说的情He can play the piano. So

7、can I.他会弹钢琴，我也会。况也适用于另外的人或事Wedidn ' t win. Neither did they.我们没有赢，他们也没有。表小祝愿的祈使句May you have a good trip.祝你旅途愉快。省略if 的虚拟条件句：Were I you, I would not do it this way.如果我是你，我不were/had/should +主语+谓语动词会这样做。2 .特别提示 there be结构的倒装句型中，除了 be动词之外，there 后还可接lie, live, seem to be等。如: There lived an old man in

8、 the village long long ago.很久很久以前，村子里住着一位老人。(2) here, there, now, then, up, down, away, out等副词位于句首，主语为代词时不到装。如：Away it flew.它飞走了。(3)直接引语的一部分或全部位于句首，主句倒装，主句倒装，但是主语为代词时不倒装。如：“You have to finish it tonight," she said."今晚你必须完成它，“她说。o如:(4) so位于句首不倒装的情况：主语与前句相同，表赞同，译为“确实如此”一Mike studies hard.迈克学

9、习很刻苦。一So he does.确实是。 表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事，前句如果列举了两种事实以上，用“so it is/was withsb./sth.”回答。如：-Tom is kind and often helps those in trouble.汤姆很友好，经常帮助处于困境中的人。一So it is with his father.他父亲也是。(5)使用as/though进行倒装时注意： 句首有名词，名词不能带任何冠词。如： Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong.尽管他是个孩子，却能够明辨是非。句首是实义动词时，其他助动词则

10、放在主语之后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，则宾语和状语随实 义动词一起放在主语之前。如：Try hard as he will, he never seems to be able to do the work satisfactorily.虽然他尽力了，但他的工作总做得不尽如人意。(6) not until位于句首的倒装结构中，如果是复合句，只有主句用倒装，从句不用。如：Not until he loses his health will he give up smoking.他直到失去健康才会戒烟。二、省略句高考命题导向：省略是一种避免重复，保持简洁的语法手段。缺少一个或一个以上的必要语言成

11、分, 但在一定语境中能够独立存在，意义明确，并且能发挥交际功能的句子叫作省略句。高考主要是考查省略 在固定结构中的运用。省略句用法一览表:分类说明例句省略主语(It) Doesn ' t matter.没关系。省略谓语I won the first race and Tom (won) the second.我知 了 第L 场比赛，汤姆赢了第二场。省略宾语I don ' t know (it).我不知道这件事。省略表语Is he a student? 他是一名学生吗？Yes, he is (astudent). 是的，他是。句子成分的省略省略定语Part of the mone

12、y belongs to my mother and the rest (of themoney) belongs to my father.一部分钱属于我妈妈，其余的钱属于我爸爸。省略状语He was not hurt. (How) Strange!他没有受伤。真奇怪！省略从句I would accept the invitation (if I were you).(如果我是你 )我会接受邀请的。省略整句W川you teach English to the students?你要教学生英语吗？Yes. (I will teach English to the students.)是的。(我

13、会教学生英语。)省略介词He is busy (in) doing his homework.他正在忙着写作业。小品词的省略连词thatI am sure (that) we will succeed.我相信我们会成功的。省略省略关系代词This is the dress (which) I bought in Shanghai.这是我在上海买的裙子。强调句型强调疑问词时，常省略强调句型中的thatWhen was it (that) you received his e-mail?你收到他的电子邮件是什么时候？在以 if, when, while, though, as if等连词引导的 从

14、句中，如从句中的主要动 词是be ,常将主语和动词 be省略If (it is) necessary, we shall send a telegram home.如有必要，我们就往家里打电报。While (you are) cycling, don' t forget the traffic lights. 骑车时，不要忌记看红绿灯。Henry looked around as if (he were) in search of something.亨利向四周环视，似乎在寻找什么。固定结构中的省略在口语中，为了避免重复，不定式可以省去和前面句子相同的动词，只保留不定式符号toYou

15、may go home if you wish to (go home).如果你愿意，你可以回家了。由固定词组引导的疑问句How about playing football?去踢球怎么样？Why not go there with us?为什么不和我们 起去？用so, not等来代替上文或Can he finish the work on time?I think so. (I think问句中的一部分或整个句意he can finish the work on time.)他能。他能按时完成工作吗？我认为并列复合句些相同的成分可以省略We tried to help her but (we

16、 tried) in vain.但是没有用。This clock works well but that one doesn个钟表运行得很好，但是那个不行。我们试着帮助她，'t (work well).这考点练透一、完成句子根据句意或括号中所给的提示完成句子。1. Not until(I; shout) at the top of my voice(he; turn) his head.2. I won the prize at last. Never in my life(I; feel) so happy.3. Hardly(the thief; see) the police h

17、e ran away.4. 一 Hurry up! There(the bell; go).My goodness! Has Mrs. Li come yet?-Look! Here(she; come).5. Not only(he; like) singing, but(he; have) a good voice.6. 一 David has passed the final exam smoothly.So(he; have), and(I; have).7. So(he; be frightened) in the darkness that he did not dare to m

18、ove an inch.8. Up(the balloon; go) into the air.9. At the foot of the mountain(a village; lie).10. I have tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means(the teacher; be satisfied) with my progress.11. If Joe ' s wife doesn ' t go to the party, neither(他也不去).12. Should( 如果明天下雨 ),we wo

19、uld have to put off the sports meeting.13. Child( 尽管只是孩子 ),he shows great consideration towards the others.14. 一 Mike hadn ' t passed the exam and was afraid of being scolded.( 我也样).15. ( 我们一听至U铃声 )than we rushed into the classroom.16. 一 He hasn ' t finished the work yet.一Well, he( 本该完成).17.

20、 The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if(see) whether he was going in the right direction.18. Is your mother a teacher?-No, but she( 过去是).19. Do you know Anna ' s telephone number?( 恐怕不知 ).As a matter of fact, I don' t know anything about Anna.20. 一 Who should be responsible fr

21、o the accident?The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order(按被告诉的 ).二、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Dear friends,I am happy to give a talk, sharing what I learnt about first aid.First aid is the timely treatment 1 (give) to the injured before doctors come.Students 2 we are, we sh

22、ould prepare for an emergency by learning something about firstaid, 3 is urgently needed in some accidents. For example, if someone suffers from 4 sprained ankle while doing sports, the best way to treat 5 isto put an ice pack or cold wateron his ankle.When 6 (treat) a cut, we should take immediate

23、action to clean the wound and stop thebleeding. Call 120 if the injury is too severe to deal with.Besides, keeping a first-aid kit 7 (hand)is a wise choice. Of course, the kit is supposedto contain necessary items that can deal with a variety of emergencies.In conclusion, knowing how to perform firs

24、t aid is of great importance in our daily life,which sometimes means a total difference 8knowledge of first aid can we offer a helping hand 10助读词汇timely adj.及时的emergencyurgentlyadv.迫切地 severeperform vt.执行adequatesprained ankle 裸关节扭伤 ice packOnly 9 a cool mind and adequate necessary.n.紧急情况adj.严重的adj.

25、足够的；充足的冰袋life and death.first-aid kit急救箱be supposed to理应necessary items必须物品a variety of各种各样的三、佳作欣赏下面是一篇摘自全国英语高考书面表达的范文，文中有许多精彩且灵活的语言表达，其中也包含有倒装结构和省略结构，用心体会其用法。A special relay race was held for Senior Three on the school playground on Wednesday, October 22. Compared with traditional relay race, this

26、activity adopted a new rule , which allowed 20 runners in each team and required that each runnercovered 200 meters. Twelve classes in our grade weredivided into two groups to compete with each other , with Class Two winning the championship in the end. Whenasked how they felt about the competition,

27、 students all considered this new activity to be interesting and meaningful. More importantly , not only did the activity increase students ' interest in doing exercise, but it also strengthened their love for their class.参考答案考点练透一、完成句子1. I shouted; did he turn 2. have I felt 3. had the thief seen; when 4. goes the bell;she comes 5. does he; he has 6. he has; so have I 7. frightened was he 8. w