铸造缺陷中英文对照

1、.A尺寸，形状缺陷铸造缺陷 casting defects尺寸超差impropershrinkage allowance尺寸不合格wrong size模样错误excess rappingof pattern, deformed pattern, pattern error壁厚不均differentthickness铸型下垂mold sag错型mold shift,shift, miss -match, cross -joint舂移ram off, ramaway塌型 mold drop,drop off, drop out, drop sticker上型下沉，沉芯sag（上型和型芯下垂导致壁厚

2、减小）飞翅fins, joint flash翘曲warp age,buckling, warping, camber铸件变形warped casting挤箱push up,cramp -off型裂broken mold,cracked掉砂crush ofmold, crush变形deformation,casting distortion, warped casting）B.缩孔（由凝固收缩引起缩孔shrinkage,shrinkagedcavity内部缩孔internalshrinkage, dispersed shrinkage, blind shrinkage敞露缩孔 open shri

3、nkage,external shrinkages, sink marks,depression缩松porosity, shrinkage porosity,leakers, micro shrinkage,disperded shrinkage缩陷sink marks,draw, suck -in芯面缩孔core shrinkage内角缩孔cornershrinkage, fillet shrinkage出汗孔extruded bead,exudation线状缩孔fissure likeshrinkageC. 气体缺陷（由气体引起的孔）气孔blowholes,gas hole, blow针孔

4、pinholes裂纹状缺陷，线状缺陷fissure defectsD.裂纹裂纹crack缩裂shrinkage crack季裂seasoncracking, seasoncrack应力热裂hot cracking,hot tearing, hot tear淬火裂纹quench crack,quenching crack应力冷裂cold cracking,breakage, cold tearing, cold tear龟裂 crack激冷层裂纹，白裂chill crackE.夹杂物夹渣 slaginclusion, slag blowholes砂眼 sandinclusion, raised

5、sand, sand hole其他夹杂物the other inclusion胀砂push up,cramp-off, sand hole掉砂crush, crushof mold硬点hard spot浮渣dross （ 浇注后在铸型内形成的缺陷，尤其是石墨、氧化物和硫化物的线状缺陷的总称，另外，浇注过程中被卷进去的缺陷成为夹渣和砂眼，两者的区别是形成原因不同）石墨浮渣graphite dross,carbon dross氧化皮夹渣oxide dross, oxideinclusion, skins, seams硫化物熔渣sulfide dross沉淀物sludge夹渣物sand inclus

6、ion,oxide inclusion, skins, seams黑点，黑渣black spots,lustrous carbon涂料夹渣blacking,refractory coating inclusions光亮碳膜lustrous carbonfilms, kish tracksF.外观缺陷浇不足 misrun, shortrun, cold lap, cold shut冷隔 cold shut,cold laps轻度冷隔seam两重皮plate皱皮 surface fold,gas run, elephant skin, seams, scare, flow marks漏箱run -

7、out,runout, break -out, bleeder漏芯mold drop,stiker未浇满 short pours,short run, poured short气孔blowholes, blow，飞翅 joint flashfins胀砂，气疱swell, blister芯撑未融合chaplet shut,insert cold shut, unfused chaplet热粘砂 burn in热痕 flow marks内渗豆，冷豆，冷隔internal sweating, coldshot, shot iron外渗物sweating磷化物渗豆phosphide sweat铅渗豆l

8、ead sweat锡渗豆tin sweat掉砂 rat, sticker （型砂的一部分附着在模样上而形成的表面缺陷）G.型芯缺陷砂芯断裂crushed core,brokencore砂芯压碎broken core芯面缩孔core blow砂芯缩孔core blow砂芯下垂 sag core,deformed core砂芯弯曲deformed core漂芯 shiftedcore, core raise, raised core, mold element cutout偏芯 core shiftH.表面缺陷沾砂penetrationburn on,sand burning, burnin,粘型

9、（金属型）fusion两重皮laminations ,plat机械粘砂penetration ,metal penetration夹渣结疤corner scabscabs ,expansion scabs,表面粗糙rough casting ,rough surface鼠尾rattailbuckle,涂料结疤blacking scab ,wash scabs烘干不足sever surface ,wash scabs熟痕surfacedefect casting by combination of gas and shrinkage（在靠近厚断面处形成下陷的蛇状伤痕）涂料剥落wash erosi

10、on气疱 blister ,surface or subsurface blow hole表面粗糙scarsrough surface ,seems,起皮stripping剥落结疤pull down ,spalling scab伤痕 feetcrow's麻面 alligator skin,orange peel,pittingsurface热裂痕 surface folds, gas runs泡疤表面surface folds ,gas runs象皮状皱皮elephant skin,gasrunsurface fold,皱皮flow marksscareseamssurface fol

11、d, gas run,波纹wave冲砂wash冲蚀erosion)1.组织缺陷(铸铁球化不良poor nodularity, degenerated graphite蠕墨化不良degeneratedgraphite异常石墨abnormalgraphite开花状石墨exploded graphite过冷石墨D-type graphiteunder cooledgraphite,石墨细小颗粒chunky graphite石墨粗大kish graphite ,kish整列石墨aligned graphite石墨漂浮floated graphite石墨魏氏组织Widmannstattengraphit

12、e麻口 mottlemottled cast iron,灰点 mottle反麻口 inverse mottle （与麻口相反，在薄断面处和尖角处形成的麻口）白口 chill反白口 inverse chill,reverse chill冷豆exudation ,internal sweatingextruded bead,退火不足incomplete annealingmiss annealing,粗大枝晶组织coarsened dendritic反偏析 inverse segregation比重偏析gravity segregation溶质偏析solute segregation宏观偏析mac

13、roscopic segregation微观偏析microscopic segregationJ.断口缺陷表面铁素体ferrite rim表面珠光体pearlite rim白缘，脱碳pearlitelayerpictureframe,pearlitic rim,不均匀断口heterogeneous fractured surface破碎激冷层cold flakes,scattered chill structure晶粒粗大rough grain尖钉状断口spiky fractured surface冰糖状断口rock candy fracture surfaceK. 力学性能缺陷硬点hard

14、spot （对铸件，硬点是硬区、白口或冷豆等力学性能缺陷的总称；对铝合金，硬点是铸件内各种高硬度相，如初晶 Si相、金属间化合物、氧化物，偏析等总称）硬度不良too high or lowhardnesspoor hardness,L.使用性能缺陷腐蚀性不良poor corrosion resistance切削性不良poor machinability麻点 torn surface锌晶间腐蚀zinc intergranular corrosion电导率不良poor electrical conductivityM.其他缺陷残留飞翅residual fin残留黑皮residualblack skin浇道冒口断口缺肉riser or vent,broken casting at gate端部缺肉inside cut切口缺肉（压铸件）cutinside翘