湖南省师范大学附属中学2018-2019学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷

1、2018-2019学年湖南省师范大学附属中学 高一上学期期末考试注意事项：1 .答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形 码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2 .选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3 .非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草 稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4 .考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第I卷（选择题）一、阅读理解Last year, I lived in Chile for half a year. I li

2、ved with a Chilean family and had the responsibilities of any Chilean teenager. I had good days and bad days I didn t understand.Chuquicamata, my host community, is a mining camp. When I arrived there, I was scared. It was so different from what I was used to. There were lots of dogs on the streets,

3、 and there was no downtown, few smoothly paved streets, and little to do for entertainment. Rain was not seen very often, earthquakes and windstorms were frequent.I had studied Spanish for two and a half years and was always one of the best students in my class. But in my first week in Chile I was o

4、nly able to communicate and needed one person to whom I could explain my shock. I couldn t speak the thoughts headyand there were so many.Most exchange students experience this like me. Culture shock presents itself in everything from increased aggression towards the people to lack of appetite 食欲）.I

5、 was required to overcome all difficulties.As time passed, everything changed. I began to forget the words in English and to dream in Spanish and love Chilean food. I got used to not depending on expensive things for fun. Fun in Chuquicamata was being with people. And I took math, physics, chemistry

6、, biology, Spanish, art, and philosophy.But the sacrifices were nothing compared to the gain. I learned how to accept and to succeed in another culture. I now have a deeper understanding of both myself and others.1. The author came to Chile last year with the purpose of.B. experiencing Chilean life

7、as a teacherC. studying Chilean culture as a college studentD . studying knowledge as an exchange student2. On arriving in Chile, why did the author feel frightened?A . Because he did not know how to get along with the local people.B. Because it was full of dangers like earthquakes and windstorms.C.

8、 Because the living conditions were worse than what he was used to.D . Because it was not convenient for him to shop there.3. In the first week in Chile, the author.A . was not used to eating Chilean foodB. had some friends to have a chat withC. couldn t communicate with peopleD . couldn t express h

9、is thoughts in English4. What did the author most probably think of his life in Chile?A . Wonderful and worthwhile.B. Difficult but meaningful.C. Difficult and meaningless.D . Boring and disappointing.Started in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of all the many colleges and universities in the

10、United States. Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were opened soon after Harvard.In the early years, these schools were much alike. Only young men went to colleges. All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Little was known about science then, and

11、 one kind of school could teach everything that was known about the world. When the students graduated, most of them become ministers or teachers.In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors. Later, lawyers could receive their training in Harvard s law school.

12、 In 1825, besides Latin and Greek, Harvardbegan teaching modern languages, such as French and German. Soon it began teaching American history.As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects. Students were allowed to choose the subjects that interested them.A . pay

13、ing a visit to Chile as a touristt do anything exist in our lives for this sameToday there are many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are made up ofExperts have revealed that a lot of buttons that donsmaller schools that deal with special fields of learning. Thereoffer it al

14、l.s so much to learn that one kind of schoplucanse. For example, many offices in the US have fake thermostats （ 温度调节器 ）because people tend tofeel better when they think they can control the temperature in their workspace.white lies5. From the second paragraph, we can see that in the early years,But

15、psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these littleA . those colleges and universities were almost the sameB. people, young or old, might study in the collegesC. the students studied only some languages and scienceD . when the students finished their school, they becam

16、e lawyers or teachers6. As knowledge increased, colleges began to teach.8. What was the author s main purpose in writing the article?A . To describe some different kinds of fake buttons.B . To analyze the functions of fake buttons.C. To explore people different habits when it comes to pushing button

17、s.D . To explain the advantages and disadvantages of fake buttons.9. What does the underlined word scam mean?A . Trick. B. Tool. C. Button. D. Scan.10. . According to John Kounios, people who press fake buttons.A . don t know that what they press is fakeB . should give up this habitC. consider what

18、they do to be meaninglessD . probably do so to kill timethey still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort.“That habit is here to stay,“ John Kounios, a psychology professor, said, Even though I have readoubts about the tra

19、ffic light buttons, I always press them. After all, I ve got nothing else to do while waiting.So why not press the button in the hope that this one will work?A . everything that was knownB. law and something about medicineC. many new subjectsD . the subjects that interested students7. On the whole,

20、the passage is about.A . how to start a university8. the world-famous colleges in America9. how colleges have changedD . what kind of lessons each college teachesWhenever we see a button, we are eager to press it because we know something will happen. This istrue in most cases, for example on a door

21、bell and on the on/off button on the TV. But some buttons areactually fake, like theclose button on a lift.、七选五Many people are in the habit of pressing the“close button because they dont have the patience tcHow to Turn Your Goals into HabitsFirst we make our habits, then our habits make us. It s suc

22、h a simple concept, yet it s somethingdon t always do.I believe that having ONE goal to focus on is much more powerful than having many goals. Byputting the belief into practice, I have achieved a lot of personal goals over time.11 . . My answer takes a littleexplaining. I try to turn my goals into

23、habits, and in doing so! I put my goals on autopilot （ 自动化）.Turninga goal into a habit means really focusing on it for at leas t a month. The more you can focus, the more it ll beon autopilot.12 . . You ll still do it, but you only have to use minimal force to maintain it, and you can focus on your

24、next goal or habit.wait for the lift doors to shut. But lifts,“ close sccbuttanilease in completethe doors willnot close any faster no matter how hard you press.It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US, making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough s

25、o that people with disabilities could enter. Only US firefighters and repairmen can use the buttons to speed up the door-closing process if they have a code or special keys.But to normal lift riders, the buttons aren completely useless. According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you

26、feel better by offering you a sense of control.“Perceived能够感知的 ）control is very important. It reduces stress and increases well- being, EllenJ. Langer, a psychology professor, said,Having a lack of control is associated with depression.Take my marathon goal as an example. I was just starting running

27、 and had the brilliant idea to run a marathon within a year. So that was my goal.13 . . First, I had to make running a daily habit. Second, I had to report to people in order to have accountability ( 负责)so that I could not quit easily. I focused on the daily running habit for about a month, and didn

28、 t have any other goals or habits. When the running habit stuck, Istarted reporting to people I knew and blogging about my running every day.14. . I could focus on new goals without having to worry about the marathon. I still had to do the running, of course, but it didn t require constant focus. An

29、d eventually, I ran the first marathon in my life. Iwas able to achieve this because, all year long, I had daily running and accountability habits.15 . , so instead of struggling with it daily for an entire year, I focused on it for one month and was able to accomplish it while focusing on new habit

30、s and goals.A . I put my marathon goal on autopilotB . At the beginning, it was very difficult for me to achieve this goalC. But in order to achieve it, I broke it down into two habitsD . With this accountability, there s no way I could stop runningE. Once you put it on autopilot, you don t have to

31、focus on it muchF. My readers asked me how I was able to achieve them while working on different projectsG. Once those two habits were established, my marathon goal was pretty much on autopilot三、完形填空One afternoon, my son Adam asked me,“ Are all people the same even if they are different in color?I t

32、hought for a minute, and then I said, I ll explain,6you can just wait until we make a quick17at the grocery store. I have something18 to show you. ”At the grocery store, we 19 some apples red, green and yellow ones. Back home. I told Adam, It s time tc20 your question. I put one apple of each21 on t

33、he table. Then I looked at Adam, who had a 22 look on his face.“People are like apples. They come in all 23 colors, shapes and sizes. On the 24 , some of the apples may not 25 look as delicious as the others. As I was talking, Adam wa6 each onecarefully.Then, I took each of the apples and peeled (肖i

34、j皮)them, 27 them back on the table, but28a different place.“Okay, Adam, tell me which is which”He said, 29 tell. They all look the same now. ”Take a b3eof . See if that helps you31which one is which. ”He took 32, and then a huge smile came across his face.They are all different, but once you 34 the

35、outside, theyHe totally 35 it. I didn16.17.18.19.20.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.32.33.34.35.A.七、语法填空althoughstop B.challengingboughtchecksizeworriedordinaryoutsidestillstart“People 33 like apples!re pretty much the same on the inside.t need to say or do anything else.C. because D. ifC. turn D. stayB.

36、 encouraging C.disappointing D. interestingB. countedB. mentionB.B.examiningkeepingmustn teach oneadmitbig bitesC. answertype C.B. satisfiedB. normalB. wholeeven C.D. collectedD. improveshape D.C. proudclassD . curiousC. different D. regularC. table D. insideonlyD. everB. measuringC. drawingD. packi

37、ngB. placing C.toward C. forpuling D.D. inB. can t C. shouldn t D.B. each otherC. the othergivingneedn tD. one otherB . consider C.decide D. believejust B.put awayB. deep breathsalways C.B. get downmadeB. took阅读下面短文，在空白处填入Oprah Winfrey is not just anC.C. a firm hold D. a close lookmerely D . seldomC

38、. hand out D . take offgot D. did第II卷（非选择题）1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。36. (extreme) successful TV personality in the US, but she is also awoman who 37. (inspire) millions so far. In her television shows she makes 38. possible to talk aboutgreat moments and difficulties in peoples lives. She has helped thous

39、ands of men and women come to termswith things 39. bother them and that they could not talk about with others . Oprah s programme aboutliterature, 40 . which she reviews books, is very popular. When she praises a book, it 41. (become) abest-seller. Her life and her success are 42 good example for ma

40、ny women.Special experiencestook part in a scientific research program on virus and won the status of candidate to Peking UniversityOprah Winfrey wonderful career inspires many people 43 . (believe) that success and44. (happy) in life are within reach for everyone. Her life shows 45. (we) that hard

41、work and discipline are the road to self-improvement, and success lies somewhere along that road.八、根据所给汉语意思完成句子Dear Bob,46. The little boy was about the world around him and walked into the lab out of. (curious)47. Howard Carter was a famous(explore) and he made his most amazing(discover) in Egypt i

42、n 1922.48. His name will(载入史册)with those of Yuri Gagarin and Alan Shepard.Love!49. The people of China can be proud of Yang Liwei, and young people all over the world can( 钦Li Hua 佩， 尊敬 )him as an example of a man who managed to(实现他的梦想 ).50. We leave London on 15 July, and we(take) a flight to Moroc

43、co, in northern Africa.51. 万一有什么重要事情，你可以打电话给我。(in case)52. 你可以借阅任何一本你喜欢的书。(whichever)53. .如果这些病毒被人体吸入，它们就可能导致疾病甚至死亡。(省略句)九、图表作文54. 假如你是李华，你的笔友Bob将从加拿大来长沙看你。你将和你的好友林涛一起陪同Bob在长沙度假。现请你给Bob写一封电子邮件，介绍你的好友林涛。林涛的具体信息见下面表格，你可以选择你认为最重要的三至五个信息进行介绍。要求:1.词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数 ）55. 中不得出现真实的人名和校名。NameLin Tao; D

44、avid (English name)Basic Factsboy; 16 years old ; from Changsha; studying in SDFZCharacteristicsmild, curious and optimisticFavorite subjectsMaths, Chemistry and EnglishHobbiesplaying football, reading and travellingDreamsstudying for a PhD and working for a research organization2018-2019学年湖南省师范大学附属

45、中学高一上学期期末考试英语答案1. .D2. C3. A4. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文通过展示了作者在智利作为交换生的经历，给我们讲述了这段经历虽然很困 难但是却给作者带来了很大的收获。1 .细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句：Last year I lived in Chile for half a year as an exchange studentwith the American Field Service.可知作者到智利作为交换生，故选 D。2 .细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句：When I arrived here, I was scared. It was so

46、different from theurban middle-class America I was accustomed to.可知这里的生活和作者所习惯的生活有很大的差距。故选Co3 .细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句： But in my first week in Chile I was only able to communicate and needed one person to whom I could explain my shock. I couldnt speak the thoughts in my head -and there were so many.可知在最初的

47、一周里作者沟通不愉快，故选 A。4 .推理判断题。根据文章可知作者在这儿的生活虽然很困难但是却是值得的，故选Bo5. A6. D7. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。这篇短文主要介绍了哈佛大学始于1636年，在美国是最古老的学院。耶鲁、普林斯顿、哥伦比亚大学和达特茅斯在哈佛后不久就建立了。这些大学在建成后的初期，只有男士可以 入校学习，所教科目比较单一，对科学是知之甚少。随着社会的发展，这些大学建立了更小的学校 以教给学生不同领域的知识。5. 细节理解题。 由第二段开头三句 In the early years, these schools were much alike. Only you

48、ng men went to college . All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew. 可知，早期的大学都很相似，只有年轻男子可以上大学，所有学生学习一样的课程，故正确答案为Ao6. 推理判断题。由倒数第二段 As knowledge increased , Harvard and other colleges began to teach manynew subjects. Students were allowed to choose the sub

49、jects that interested them.”可知， 随着知识积累 的增加，大学开始教授学生们许多新课程，学生可以从中选择他们喜欢的课程，D项与原文一致，故正确答案为D。7. 主旨大意题。由文中每段开头In the early years、In 1782 As knowledge increased Today 可知，文章从大学最初的少数的单一形态，到后来学校的数量越来越多，而且所教的科目也越来越多，到 现如今大学里由多种不同的学院、学科，多到一所学校不能教的完全，全文依据时间顺序介绍了大 学的变化，故正确答案为Co8. B9. A10. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者主要介

50、绍了生活中在很多场合都有许多假按钮。虽然是假的，但是在许多人 看来，尤其是心理专家看来，可以给人们减压，增加愉快感。8 .写作意图题。本文主要介绍了生活中出现的假按钮，并且分析了它们给人们带来的各个方面的作用，根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了假按钮的功能一一能够满足人们的控制感，故选 B项。9 .词义猜测题。根据划线部分句子“Many people are in the habit of pressing the close button beethey don t have the patience to wait for the lift doors to shut. But lifts,

51、“ close “ buttons arcleast in the US the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press. 句意： 许多人习惯按下“关门”按钮，因为他们没有耐心等电梯门关上。但是电梯， 关闭”按钮是一个完全的骗局，至少在美国，门不会更快关闭，无论你怎么用力按。故可知 scam意思为 骗局”，故选Ao10 .推理判断题。根据最后一段 Even though I have real doubts about the traffic light buttons, I always pressthem.

52、After all, I ve got nothing else to do while waiting. So why not press the button in the hope that this onewill work?可知，尽管我对交通灯按钮有疑问，但我总是按按钮。毕竟，我在等待的时候没有别的事要做，按假按钮可以消磨时间。故选 Do11 .F12 .E13 .C14 .G15 .A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了讲目标变为的爱好的建议。11. 根据上文 By putting the belief into practice, I have achieved a lo

53、t of personal goals over time. 以及下 文My answer takes a little explaining.可知，此处应该是对如何实现目标一事的询问。F项意为 我的读者问我如何能够在完成不同的项目时实现这些目标”，承上启下，符合语境。故选 Fo12. 结合下文 you can focus on your next goal or habit可知，此处应是不用对目标过于关注。E项意为 旦你把它放在自动驾驶仪上，你就不必太关注它了”，引出下文，符合语境。故选 Eo13. 根据上文 So that was my goal.和下文 running a daily h

54、abit 和 report to people in order 可知， 我” 为了实现马拉松计划养成了两种习惯。C项意为 但为了实现这一目标，我把它分成两种习惯”。承上启下，符合语境。故选 Co14. 根据文章第二段第五句I try to turn my goals into habits, and in doing so, I put my goals on autopilot.可知，我”试着把 我”的目标变成习惯，在这样做的时候，相当于我”把目标放在自动驾驶仪上。G项意为 乙旦养成了这两个习惯，我的马拉松目标就几乎自动完成了”，承接上文，符合语境。故选Go15. 结合下文 so inst

55、ead of struggling with it daily for an entire year, I focused on it for one month and was able to accomplish it while focusing on new habits and goals.可知作者花了个月 的时间专注于它， 并且 能够在专注于新的习惯和目标的同时完成它，可知作者是将这个目标设为自动实现，所以可以每天 专注于它。故选 Ao16. D17. A18. D19. A20. C21. .B22. D23. C24. A25. B26. A27. B28. D29. B30.

56、 A31. .C32. A33. A34. D35. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过几个苹果告诉儿子：跟苹果一样，人都是一样的，只是他们的颜色不同 而已，人的外表不一样，但是人的内心都一样16 .考查连词辨析。 A. although虽然；B . so因此；C. because因为，D. if如果。根据句意：如 果你可以等我停在杂货店，我会让你看一些有趣的事情。所填词引导条件状语从句，意为如果”，所以选D。17 .考查动词词义辨析。 A. stop停止，B. start开始，C. turn转弯，D. stay停留。stop与谓语动 词make构成短语，意思是做短暂的停留;make a start构成短语，开始，起程make a turn轮 流；make a stay呆在某地，都与题干意思不符。所以选 A。18 .考查形容词词义辨析。 A. expressive表达的；B . encouraging奖励的，可鼓励的；C. informative 表达的；D. intere