实验室常用英文术语

1、实验室常用英文术语1. 1.当你进入国外的实验室之前， 如果不能熟练掌握实验过程中相关物品的英文名称及读音，你与同处一室的技术人员之间必将产生强烈的交流障碍，实验效率也将因此大打折扣。这里我汇总了数篇文章的相关内容，并结合自己实验室的情况，补充了大量词汇，希望对即将出国留学的生物学科研人员有所帮助。欢迎大家补充指正。资料. 容器与耗材( vessel & consumable material )玻璃活塞stopcock试齐U瓶 reagent bottles玻棒 glass rod小瓶vial量杯 measuring cup烧杯beaker量筒 measuring flask/mea

2、suringcylinderer土甘期 crucible州禺钳 crucible clamp试管 test tube漏斗 funnel比色皿cuvette鱼缸 aquarium烧瓶flask锥形瓶 conical flask塞子 stopper/plug洗并p plastic wash bottle搅拌棒 stirring rod容量瓶 volumetric flask/measuringflask移液管(one-mark) pipette吸液管pipette滤器filter滤名氏 filter paper培养皿 culture dish移液枪 pipette移液枪枪头pipette tips

3、剃刀刀片razor blade手术刀scalpel垃圾袋 disposable bag垃圾桶 garbage bin橡皮筋 rubber band托盘Tray车吕箔 aluminium foil洗耳球 rubber suction bulb保鲜膜 preservative film研磨钵 mortar研杵pestle小滴管 dropper蒸储装置 distilling apparatus桶 bucket广口瓶 wide-mouth bottle离心机转子rotor试管架 test tube holder/rack酒精灯 alcohol burner酒精喷灯 blast alcohol burn

4、er搅拌装置 stirring device石蜡封口膜Parafilm微量离心管（EP管）Eppendorf tube载玻片Slide盖玻片 Cover glass离心管 Centrifuge tube电泳槽Gel tank电线 Electrical leads牙签 Toothpick螺丝钉Screw锁紧螺母Nut, Cap nut复印纸Copy paper复写纸 Carbon paper钉 Nail试管刷 test-tube brush计时器Timer闹钟 Alarm clockU 形钉 Staple衣服挂钩Coat hanger电泳用的梳子Comb扳手 Shifting spanner订书

5、机Stapler订书钉staple圆珠笔芯Refill灯?U Globe记号笔 marker pen注射器 syringe注射器活塞 plunger铁架台 iron support万能夹 extension clamp止水夹 flatjaw pinchcock圆形漏斗架 cast-iron ring橡胶管 rubber tubing药匙 lab spoon镣子 forceps/ tweezers蜂鸣器buzzer架子shelf剪刀 scissor打孑L器 stopper borer移液吸管 serological pipette血球计数板 hemocytometerpH 试名氏 univers

6、al ph indicator paper称量纸 weighing paper透明月声带 sellotape筛子 sieve网眼mesh格子grid擦镜纸 wiper for lens水冷艮温度计 mercury-filled thermometer白大褂 white gown真空泵 vacuum pump水浴锅 water bath kettle口罩 respirator电极 electrode阳极，正极anode阴极，负极cathode.实验操作(manipulation ):丢弃 discard转移容器decant吸出 aspirate吹吸 blowing and suction离心收集

7、 pelletresuspend絮状沉淀 flocculent precipitate浑浊的turbid烘 bake灭菌 sterilize均质化 homogenize分装 aliquot培养foster通风 ventilate冷去口 chill down稀释dilute洗月elute孵育 incubate超声破碎 ultrasonication淬灭 quench裂解物Lysate沉淀物Sediment上清 Supernatant小滴 droplet一批 batch色谱 chromatograph沉淀 precipitate接种 inoculate探针probe蒸储 distil/distil

8、l搅拌 Stir/agitate旋转 swirl/ spin中和 neutralize校准 calibrate平衡 equilibrate结块、块斗犬沉淀clump粘稠的viscous漂洗rinse脱水 dehydrate发酵 fermentation溶解 dissolve燃烧 combustion水解 hydrolysis过滤 filtrate浓缩 condense催化剂catalyst研磨 grind破碎 crush催化彳用catalysis分角d dissolution涡旋震荡Vortex电泳 Electrophoresis抽滤 suction filtration电转化 electro

9、transformation收菌 harvest切碎 chop/mince灌注 perfusion浆液slurry恒温循环仪 Thermostatic circulator空调机 Air conditionerpH 计 pH meter照度计(测量荧光素酶酶活)luminometer磁力搅拌器 magnetic stirrer烘箱oven微波炉 microwave oven电磁炉 electromagnetic oven凝胶系统Gel system电子天平 Electronic balance转接器Adapter离心机 centrifuge盖子 lid/ cap封口设备 Sealing equ

10、ipment复印机 Duplicator, copying machine超净工作台 super clean bench通风橱 fume cupboard药柜 Cupboard.仪器(apparatus )高压蒸汽灭菌器autoclave电泳电源 Electrophoresis power supply紫外灯 Ultraviolet illumination真空泵 Vacuum pump天平 balance/scale分析天平 analytical balance台秤 platform balance涡旋振荡器 Vortexing machineCO2 培养箱 CO2 Incubators电子

11、显微镜 Electro Microscopy电泳仪 Electrophoresis System恒流泵 constant flow pump解剖镜 anatomical lensPCR 仪 Thermocycler倒置显微镜 Inverted Microscope核磁共振波谱仪 Nuclear MagneticResonance Spectrometer光学显微镜 Optical Microscopy摇床Shaker培养箱incubator超滤器 Ultrahigh Purity Filter超低温冰箱 Ultra-low TemperatureFreezer超声破碎仪 Ultrasonic

12、Cell Disruptor紫外观察灯Ultraviolet Lamp紫外-可见 光分光光度计 UV-VisibleSpectrophotometer计算器 calculator/numerator四.化学试剂（reagent ）1、氨基酸丙氨酸 alanine (Ala, A)缴氨酸 valine (Val, V)亮氨酸 leucine (Leu, L)异亮氨酸 isoleucine (Ile,I) 脯氨酸 proline (Pro, P) 苯丙氨酸 phenylalanine (Phe, F) 色氨酸 tryptophan (Trp, W) 蛋氨酸 methionine (Met, M)

13、甘氨酸 glycine (Gly, G) 丝氨酸 serine (Ser, S) 苏氨酸 threonine (Thr, T) 半胱氨酸 cysteine (Cys, C) 酪氨酸 tyrosine (Tyr, Y)天冬氨酸 asparagines (Asn, N)谷氨酰胺 glutamine (Gln, Q)赖氨酸 lysine (Lys, K)精氨酸 arginine (Arg, R)组氨酸 histidine (His, H)天冬氨酸 aspartic acid (Asp, D)谷氨酸 glutamic acid (Glu, E)2、核甘酸腺昔 adenosine鸟喋吟核昔guanosi

14、ne胞昔 cytidine胸腺喀咤脱氧核昔thymidine尿口密咤核昔 uridine脱氧deoxy-两性霉素amphotericin氨茉 Ampicillin月干素heparin卡那霉素 Kanamycin胰蛋白酶Trypsin澳化乙锭 ethidium bromide胰岛素Insulin树脂resin糖类 saccharide蔗糖 Sucrose醋酸钾 Potassium acetate异丙醇 Isopropanol醋酸镂 Ammonium acetate异戊醇 Isoamyl alcohol氯仿 Chloroform甲醇 methanol遗传霉素 geneticin糖原 glycoge

15、n血1# serum高镒酸钾 potassium hypermanganate考马斯亮蓝 Coomassie brilliant blue液氮 liquid nitrogen3、其他化学试剂二甲苯 Xylene冰乙酸 Acetic acid glacial硼酸 Boric acid氯化钙 Calcium chloride疏基乙醇 mercaptoethanol咪陛 Imidazole盐酸月瓜 guanidine hydrochloride无水乙醇 absolute ethanol乙酸钠 Sodium acetate氯化钠 Sodium chloride生理盐水 physiological sa

16、line洗涤剂detergent十二烷基磺酸钠 Sodium dodecylsulphate盐酸 hydrochloric acid氢氧化钠 sodium hydrate/hydroxide胰蛋白月东Tryptone酵母提取物yeast extract琼脂Agar甘¥由 glycerin内毒素 endotoxin次氯酸钠clorox苯酚phenol阴离子anion碱Talkalinity实验室常用英语-化学生物类1.2.来美国学习遇到了一个很郁闷的事：走进实验室跟别人交流非常困难，自己做实验也是磕磕碰碰。一个很大的原因就是一些实验仪器或是药品的名称不知道怎么说，以前学英文从来没有学这

17、些内容。郁闷之余，我在网上搜集了一些相关仪器和药品的中英对照，与大家一起学习分享，希望对学化学生物类的朋友有些帮助。 由于药品种类繁多，各人使用相关也很大，以下仅列仪器部分。容器类:量杯 measuring cup烧杯beaker不锈车W杯 stainless-steel beaker量筒measuringflask/measuringcylinder量筒graduatedflask/measuringcylinder土甘期 crucible叫% crucible pot, melting pot试管 test tube试管架 test tube holder漏斗funnel分液漏斗 sepa

18、ratory funnel烧并瓦flask锥形瓶 conical flask塞子 stopper洗并p plastic wash bottle州禺钳 crucible clamp滴定管burette玻璃活塞stopcock冷凝器 condenser试齐U瓶 reagent bottles玻棒 glass rod搅拌棒 stirring rod蒸储烧瓶 distilling flask碘量瓶 iodine flask表面皿 watch glass蒸发皿 evaporating dish容量瓶 volumetric flask/measuringflask移液管(one-mark) pipette

19、刻度移液管 graduated pipettes称量瓶 weighing bottle吸液管pipette滤管filter天平 balance/scale分析天平 analytical balance台秤 platform balance游码 crossbeams and sliding weights酒精灯 alcohol burner酒精口灯 blast alcohol burner搅拌装置 stirring device洗耳球 rubber suction bulb研磨钵 mortar研磨棒pestle玛瑙研钵 agate mortar瓷器 porcelain白名田口瓶 flint gl

20、ass solution bottle withstopper滴瓶 dropping bottle小滴管 dropper蒸储装置 distilling apparatus蒸发器 evaporator试验用器材:升降台lab jack铁架台 iron support万能夹 extension clamp蝴蝶夹 double-buret clamp双顶丝 clamp regular holder止水夹 flatjaw pinchcock圆形漏斗架 cast-iron ring移液管架pipet rack试管架tube rack沸石 boiling stone橡胶管 rubber tubing药匙

21、lab spoon镣子 forceps土甘蜗钳 crucible tong剪刀 scissor打孑L器 stopper borer石棉网 asbestos-free wire gauze电炉丝 wire coil for heater脱月旨棉 absorbent cottonphph 试名氏 universal ph indicator paper滤名氏 filter paper称量纸 weighing paper擦镜纸 wiper for lens秒表 stopwatch量杯 glass graduates with scale白滴定管（酸） flint glass burette with

22、glass stopcock棕色滴定管（酸） brown glass burettewith glass stopcock白滴定管（碱） flint glass burette foralkali棕色滴定管（碱）brown glass burette foralkali比重瓶 specific gravity bottle水冷艮温度计 mercury-filled thermometerph 计 ph meter折光仪 refractometer真空泵 vacuum pump冷、热浴bath离心机 centrifuge口罩 respirator防毒面具 respirator、gasmask磁力

23、搅拌器 magnetic stirrer电动搅拌器 power basic stirrer烘箱oven闪点仪 flash point tester马弗炉furnace电炉heater微波炉电热套heating mantleBunsen burner 本生灯product化学反应产物apparatus 设备PH indicator PH 值指示剂，氢离子（浓度的）matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper石蕊试纸burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still蒸储釜cupel 烤钵负指数指示剂analysis 分解fractionation 分储endothermic

24、reaction吸热反应exothermic reaction放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸储distillation 蒸储to calcine煨烧to oxidize氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧，氧化to neutralize中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合，水化to dehydrate脱水fermentation发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alka

25、linity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象化学反应:hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode 阳极，正极cathode 阴极，负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer还原齐Udissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的仪器中英文对照Aging Property Tester老化性能测定仪Amino Acid Analyzer氨基酸组成分析仪Analyzer for Clinic Medicine Conc

26、entration临床药物浓度仪Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 原子吸收光谱仪Atomic Emission Spectrometer 原子发射光谱仪Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy 原子荧光光谱仪Automatic Titrator自 动滴定仪Basic Physics 基本物理量测定Biochemical Analyzer生化分析仪Biochemicalanalysis生物技术分析Bio-reactor 生物反应器Blood-gas Analyzer血气分析仪Centrifuge 离心机ChemiluminescenceAppa

27、ratus化学发光仪CHN Analysis 环境成分分析仪CO2 Incubators CO2 培养箱Combustion PropertyTester 燃烧性能测定仪Conductivity Meter 电导仪Constant Temperature Circulator 恒温循环泵Direct Current Plasma Emission Spectrometer直流等离子体发射光谱仪DNA Sequencers DNA测序仪DNA synthesizer DNA合成仪Electrical Property Tester 电性能测定仪Electro Microscopy 电子显微镜El

28、ectrolytic Analyzer 电解质分析仪Electron Energy Disperse Spectroscopy 电子能谱仪Electron Paramagnetic ResonanceSpectrometer电子顺磁共振波谱仪Electrophoresis 电泳Electrophoresis System 电泳仪ELIASA 酶标仪Energy Disperse Spectroscopy 能谱仪Fermenter 发酵罐Flow Analytical and Process AnalyticalChemistry流动分析与过程分析Fraction Collector 部分收集器

29、FreezeDrying Equipment 冻干机FT-IR Spectrometer 傅里叶变换红外光谱仪FT-Raman Spectrometer 傅里叶变换拉曼光谱仪Gas Analysis 气体分析Gas Chromatograph 气相色谱仪GC-MS 气相色谱-质谱联用仪Gel PermeationChromatograph 凝胶渗透色谱仪HighPressure/Performance Liquid Chromatography高压 /效液相色谱仪Hybridization Oven 分子杂交仪ICP-MS ICP- 质谱联用仪Inductive Coupled Plasma

30、Emission Spectrometer电感偶合等离子体发射光谱仪Instrument for Nondestructive Testing无损检测仪Instrument for Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR 仪Inverted Microscope 倒置显微镜Ion Chromatograph 离子色谱仪Isotope X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer 同位素 X 荧光光谱仪LC-MS 液相色谱-质谱联用仪Mass Spectrometer 质谱仪Mechanical Property Tester 机械性能测定仪Metal/ma

31、terial elemental analysis 金属 /材料元素分析仪Metallurgical Microscopy 金相显微镜Microwave Inductive Plasma Emission Spectrometer微波等离子体光谱仪Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer核磁共振波谱仪Optical Microscopy 光学显微镜Optical PropertyTester 光学性能测定仪Other/Miscellaneous其他Particle Size Analyzer粒度分析仪PCR Amplifier PCR 仪Peptide s

32、ynthesizer 多肽合成仪pH Meter pH 计PhysicalProperty Analysis 物性分析Polarograph 极谱仪Protein Sequencer 氨基酸测序仪Rheometer 流变仪Sample Handling 样品处理Scanning Probe Microscopy FG|8oU 扫描探针显微镜及蛋白质的测序和合成仪Sensors 传感器Sequencers and Synthesizers for DNA and Protein DNAShaker 摇床Size Exclusion Chromatograph 体积排阻色谱Surface Scie

33、nce 表面科学SurfaceAnalyzer 表面分析仪Thermal Analyzer 热分析仪Thermal Physical Property Tester 热物理性能测定仪Ultrahigh Purity Filter 超滤器资料Ultra-low Temperature Freezer超低温冰箱Ultrasonic Cell Disruptor超声破碎仪Ultraviolet Detector紫外检测仪UltravioletLamp紫外观察灯Urine Analyzer尿液分析仪UV-Visible Spectrophotometer紫外-可见光分光光度计Viscometer 粘度

34、计Voltammerter 伏安仪Water Test Kits水质分析仪X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer X射线荧光光谱仪X-RayDiffractomer X射线衍射仪分子生物学实验室常用仪器物品英文词汇口卓 respirator试验管tube耐酸橡胶手套rubber gloves试管架 test tube rack药匙 lab spoon洗并p plastic wash bottle钳子 pliers玻璃搅棒 glass stirring stick扳子 spanne研钵 mortars螺丝刀 screw driver研棒 pestles多用电源插座 multi-purpose socket冰盒ice box复印纸 copy paper液氮罐 Dewar flask笔记本 note book记号笔 marker pen培养皿 culture dish夹子clip皮氏培养皿 petri dish擦镜纸 wiper for lens培养三角瓶 culture flask标签纸 paper label接种环 inoculating loop打火机lighter接种针 inoculating needle温度计 thermometer过滤灭菌器 sy