(完整版)初中语法训练之名词(含练习题及答案)

1、7初中语法之名词掌握要点：名词的分类（专有名词和普通名词） 名词的数1）区分可数名词和不可数名词，区分方法2）可数名词的复数变化，分为规则变化及不规则变化 名词所有格 含义、构成 两种形式：S有格及of所有格 知识点：一、名词的分类1专有名词：名字（人名、地名、书名、机构名）、与国家有关的（国家、国民、语言）、日期（节日、星期、月份）例句： My n ame is Lucy . I am a Chin ese . I will go to the Great Wall on Mon day .2普通名词：包括可数名词和不可数名词.-个体名词 表示个体的人或事物例:sister、table、bi

2、ke、window可数名词-集体名词表示一群人或一些事物例:family、police、class、group不可数名词-物质名词抽象名词表示构成物体的物质或材料例:water、air、wood表示状态、品质、行为、感情等例：dan ger、in terest区分方法：将物体分成两半，如果每半不能叫原名，则为可数名词，如果还可叫原名，则为不可数名词。注：有些单词意义发生变化，单复数也发生变化，例：glass作玻璃杯时可数，作玻璃时不可数。身兼二职的名词对照表glassfishchicke ntime可数玻璃杯鱼类小鸡次、倍不可数玻璃鱼肉鸡肉时间orangelightpaperhair可数橘子电

3、灯报纸/试卷（几根）头发不可数橘汁光纸头发exerciseidealifework可数练习题主意/意见生命著作不可数锻炼了解生活工作turkeyradioyouthexperie nee可数火鸡收音机青年人经历不可数火鸡肉无线电: 年轻、青春经验in terestroom可数爱好房间不可数兴趣空间、名词的单复数形式（1）规则变化：名词的复数构成，通常是在单数形式后面加-s或-es1、 一般情况在词尾直接加s ,例bags。2、 以 s、x、sh、ch 结尾的词力口 -es,例 bus-buses box-boxes。3、 以 辅音字母+y”结尾的词，y变成i加-es例city-cities ;

4、以 元音字母+y"结尾的词，直接加 s。4、 以o结尾的除potato（马铃薯）、tomato（西红柿）、hero（英雄）加es，其余直接加 s。5、以f或fe结尾的词，多数变 f或fe为v加es, roof、proof直接加-s,例 life-lives wife-wives roof-roofs。（2）不规则变化1、单词拼写发生变化 man-men woman-women policeman-policemen foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice child-childre n（3）不可数名词一般只用单数，它不能与例：a cup of coffee（

5、 一杯咖啡）three pieces of paper（三张纸）2、 某国人变复数，口诀：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面例：an En glishma n-En glishme nan America n-America ns3、单复数形式相同常用分以下几类：表示动物的名词deer 鹿，fish 鱼，sheep 绵羊，bison 野牛，crab 螃蟹表示人的名词Chinese 中国人，Japanese日本人，Swiss瑞士人，kin 亲 属craft及由-craft构成的名词craft 飞机， aircraft 飞机， spacecraft 太空船表示数量的名词Hundred 百，thousan

6、d 千，million 百万，dozen 打， score 二十其他series 系歹U; species 种类； means 方法a/an及数次搭配使用。表示数量时用量词搭配。two glasses of milk（两杯牛奶）four bottles of water（四杯水）三、名词所有格含义：名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。表示形式：一种是所有格，一种是of所有格Beijing is China ' s capeaing is the captital of China.This is Tom ' s biThis is the bike of Tom.Lily is

7、the key ' s owner.= Lily is the ofthr key.1、 所有格构成单数名词及不以s结尾的复数名词，只需在词尾加如Lucy 'pen路西的钢笔Children ' sDay （儿童节）；以s结尾的复数名词，只加，如the students' b学生们的书。2、 几个人共有的东西，只需在最后一个人的名词后加，s如Lucy and Lily ' s bedr露西和莉莉的卧室）。表示各自所有，则每个名词都加，s如Lucy' s and Lily ' s d露西的桌子和莉莉的桌子 ）。典型例题讲解1. They g

8、ot muchfrom those new books.A. ideas B. photos C. n ewsD. stories解析：much是用来修饰不可数名词的，A B D三个选项均是可是名词的复数形式，C项为不可数名词，因此选C.2. I have twoand three bottles ofhere.A. orange, orangeB. oranges, orangesC. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges解析 : orange 有两种含义 , 一种可数名词橘子 , 另一种是不可数名词橘汁 , 此题第一空应填可数名词 , 第二 空填不可数名词

9、, 因此选 C。3. Every evening M r. King takes a to his home .A. 25 minutes ' walk B. 25 minute ' s walkC. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk解析：句中的minute应该用其复数的所有格形式，只+'，而不能+s,因此选A。4. An old wants to see you.A. peopleB. person C. the people D. the person解析 ： person 与 people 都有”人” 的意思 , 但用法不同 .

10、“一个人”用“a person” ,“两个人” 用 “two persons”; people 泛指 “人们”是集合名词 ,表示复数 , the people 指 “人民”, a people 指 “一个民族” . 应选 B。5. Help yourself to A. chickens and applesB. chickens and appleC. chicken and apple 解析 ： chicken 可用作可数名词指小鸡D. chicken and apples,用作不可数名词指鸡肉 ,根据词题意应理解为鸡肉;apple 为可数名词故应 +s, 因此选 D。6. Oh, dea

11、r. I forgot the two .A. room ' s number B. rooms ' number C. room numbersD. rooms ' numbers解析 ： room number 房间号码 . room 可直接用作定语修饰后面的名词 . 类似的还有 my phsics teacher, two bus drivers 等 . 应选 C。7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second .A. familyB. house C. homeD.

12、room解析：family指的是家庭或是家庭成员；house指的是房子（住所）;room指的是房间；而home指的是家,因 此选 C.8. mothers couldnA. Mary and Peter' sC. Mary ' s and Peter' t go to the mbeeectainugs,e they have gone to Shanghai . B. Mary and PeterD. Mary ' s and Peter 's解析：此句中 “mothers”是复数,表示两个人各自的母亲，因此应选D。9. Li Lei has been

13、 to m a n y times this month.A. her uncl e B. her uncle ' sC. her unclesD. aunt ' s解析 ： 此句意为 “李雷这个去她舅舅家多次” . 表示具体场所时 , 可省去所有格后面的名词 . 因此选 B。10. He is a success as a leader but he hasn' t in teaching.A. many experiencesB. much experienceC. an experienceD. a lot experience解析 ： experience 作

14、“经验” 讲时是不可数名词 , 作 “经历” 讲时是可数名词 . 本句中应理解为 “经验” 因此是不可数名词 ,排除 A C. 又因 a lot of , lots of, plenty of 只用于肯定句 , 不用于否定句 , 因此选 B。11. A classmate of was here ten minutes ago.A. youB. yourC. your sisterD. your sister 's解析 ： 此题考查名词的双重所有格.应选 D。12. A group of are talking with two .A. Frenchmen, Germans B. Ge

15、rmans ,FrenchmansC. Frenchmans , GermenD. Germen , Frenchmen解析 : Frenchman 是复合词 ,其复数形式为 Frenchmen; German 的复数为直接在单词末尾 +S, 应选 A.13.The teamA. is B. are 解析 : team 是一个集合名词 后者 , 因此选 B。having a meeting .C. am,即可表示复数意义D. be（指整个小组 ） , 也可指小组中的成员 （表示复数 ）, 此题意为14. “ Would you like _A. drink, Three coffeesA.ea

16、rth and stone, millions ofC. the earth and stone, million of 解析： earth 是不可数名词，因此删除 因此选 A。B. earths and stones, millionsD. the earths and stones, millions B D,数以百万的应为millio ns of .« ?, please. ”B. a cup of drink, CoffeesC. a drink, A coffee D. a drink, Three cups of coffees解析：drink和coffee是不可数名词,

17、可以用of来表示数量,eg, three cups of coffee, 当前面加 a 时,则表示“一杯”因此选 C。15. The Great Wall was made not only by , but also the flesh and blood of men.名词练习题1. This is _ reading-room.A. the teacher'Bs. teacher'Cs. teacher'Ds. the teachers '2. Nothing was found but _ broken.A. the room window B. the

18、 room 's window C. the room of the windowD. the window of room3. How many_ would you like?A. paper B. bread C. pieces of papers D. pieces of bread4. He was praised for his _.A. brave B. bravery C. bravely D. great brave5. Please get me a new _ when you go to town.A. clothes B. dress C. clothing

19、D. trousers6. There are 34_ doctors in the hospital.A. woman B. women C. woman 's D. women 's7. Some_ are even thinner than your little finger.A. bamboo B. bamboos C. kinds of bamboo D. kinds of bamboos8. He was born in this town and now he lives in _.A. Building second B. Building Two C. th

20、e Building Two D. Building the Second9. Old as he is, he has _to do every day.A. a lot of workB. much worksC. lots of homeworksD. quite a lot of homeworks10. Jack 's room is furnished with _.A. new furnituresB. many new furnituresC. many new pieces of furnitures D. many new pieces of furniture11

21、. Have you read _newspaper yet?A. today 'sB. Today 'sC. the today 'sD. your today 's12. It 's noatr,f only _walk from here to our school. A. a ten minutesB. ten minutesC. a ten minutes'D. ten minutes '13. Last month, he wrote me _letter.A. a 1000-wordB. 1000 wordsC. a 100

22、0-words D. 1000 words '14. He had a _sleep yesterday.A. a good nightB. a good-nightC. a good night'sD. good -night 's15. _is not a long way to drive.A. Three miles distanceB. Three-mile distanceC. Three miles ' distanceD. A three-mile-distance16. His isn 't fit for the work. Plea

23、se get me _. A. something else B. somebody elseC. someone else 's D. somebody 's else17. Do you know how large _ is?A. population of ChinaB. Chinese populationC. China populationD. China 's population18. _ is too much for the boy to carry.A. The box weightB. The box 's weightC. The w

24、eight of the boxD. The box of the weight19. Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest _ shop? A. shoes B. shoeC. shoes 'D. shoe 's20. What _weather we 're having these days!A. niceB. a niceC. a badD. worse21. They say that the meeting will be _.A. of very importantB. great importanceC. of

25、great importance D. great important22. I 'm going to call at _ this evening.A. Mr BlackB. the BlacksC. Mr Black'sD. Blacks's religious _23. What Darwin said was an attack on peopleA. beliefB. beliefsC. beliefsD. believs24. There are some _waiting for you outside.A. German B. AmericanC. g

26、rown-up D. Japanese25. Their factory has developed a kind of _ to help people walk.A. machineB. machinesC. a machineD. the machine26. There ' re many _ in my brother' s album.A. leafsB. toysC. booksD. stamps27. Yesterday I went to the super market and bought a lot of _.A. tomatoesB. potatosC

27、. vegetableD. meats28. Upon hearing what I said, his _ rose.A. angerB. angryC. angrilyD. angriness29. Excuse me, can you change this _ for me?A. five-pound noteB. five pounds noteC. five-pound notesD. five pounds notes30. You have to make _ for your journeyA. preparingB. preparationC. a preparationD. preparations31. While washing up, she broke a _.A. glass wineB. wine glassC. glass of wineD. wine of glass32. You have worked out the plan and now we must put it into _.A. fallB. reality C. practice D. deed33