动词的过去式及过去分词

1、动词的过去式及过去分词一.不规则动词过去式和过去分词A. 原型，过去式， 和 过去分词 完全不同drink-drankdrunksingsangsungsinksanksunkknow-knew-known fly flewflowndrivedrovedrivenwrite-wrote-writtenringrangrungblowblewblowntaketooktakenrise-rose-risenswimswamswumgrowgrewgrownshakeshookshakenrideroderiddenspeakspokespokenstealstolestolen breakbr

2、okebroken wakewokewokenfreezefrozefrozenforgetforgotforgotten choosechosechosendrawdrewdrawn eatateeatenfallfellfallen givegavegiven hidehidhiddenseesawseendodiddoneB. 过去式与过去分词完全相同brightbroughtbroughtthinkthoughtthoughtfightfoughtfought buyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtsaysaidsaidpaypaidpaidspendspen

3、tspentburnburntburntfeelfeltfeltsmellsmeltsmeltleaveleftleftbuildbuiltbuiltmeetmetmetsellsoldsoldsendsentsentlearnlearntlearntsleepsleptsleptloselostlosttelltoldtoldlendlentlentmeanmeantmeantsweep-sleptsleptgetgotgotsitsatsat shootshotshot leadledled spitspatspathavehadhad holdheldheld makemademades

4、tandstood-stoodfindfoundfounddigdugdughearheardheardshineshoneshoneunderstandunderstoodunderstood winwonwonC. 原型与过去分词相同comecamecome runranrun becomebecamebecomeD. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同castcastcast cutcutcut putputput letletletsetsetsethithithit shutshutshuthanghung-hung 吊，挂 lie-lied-lied 说谎 lie-lay-lain 躺

5、下，位于，平放hangedhanged 处绞刑 lay-laid-laid 置放。动词过去式be (am is)wasarewerecomecamegowentdo (does)didflyflewdrawdrewmakemadesingsanghave (has)hadeatatedrinkdrankputputletletreadreadcancouldseesawmeetmetgetgotforgetforgottaketookcancouldmaymightshallshouldwillwouldknowknewbeginbeganbendbentbuildbuiltspendspen

6、tmeanmeantlearnlearnt learnedbuyboughtthinkthoughtteachtaughtcatchcaughtsleepsleptsweepsweptkeepkeptspeakspokeriderodefeelfeltleaveleftgivegaverunranringrangsitsatswimswamsaysaidstandstoodtelltoldthrowthrewwinwonwritewrote二.不规则动词的过去式的构成1把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如：beginbegan，drink drank，givegave，ringrang，si

7、ngsang，sitsat, swimswam2. 把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:drivedrove，riderode，writewrote3. 改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如：draw drew， growgrew， know knew，throwthrew （动词 show 除外, showshowed）4. 动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如：getgot， forgetforgot5. 动词原形中的ee改为e，变成过去式。如：feedfed， meetmet6. 动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如：keepkept， sleepslept，

8、sweepswept7. 动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式。如：breakbroke， speakspoke8动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如：sellsold， telltold9. 动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:standstood， understandunderstood10. 以ought和aught结尾，且读音是：t的过去式。如： bringbrought, buy bought, thinkthought, catchcaught, teachtaught11. 以ould结尾且读音为ud的情态动词过去式。如:cancould, shallshou

9、ld, will would12. 把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如:comecame, become became13. 在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如：hearhi heardh ：d, saysei said sed , meanmi：nmeant ment14. 动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如：letlet, must must, putput, readread red15不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如： am，iswas，arewere，buildbuilt ，do did，eatate，fall fell ， feelfelt，findfound，fly

10、flew ，gowent，have has had， hold held ， leaveleft ， makemade， may might ， run ran ， seesaw，taketook三.不规则动词过去式和过去分词巧记方法 动词的过去式和过去分词是初中英语教学中的重点，而有些动词的不规则变化是这些重点中的难点， 但这些不规则变化也不是毫无规 律可循的。现将初中英语中一些常用的不规则动词变化介绍如下。（ 一）、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词，结尾字母一般是t或d。如：cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, put-put-put, cost-cost-co

11、st, let-let-let, shut-shut-shut, set-set-set, hurt-hurt-hurt, spread-spread-spread特殊：动词 read 的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致，read-read-read 但发音分别是ri:d-red-red。（二）、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如： come-came-come, become-became-become, run-ran-run,overcome-overcame-overcome（ 三）、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如：1. 把单词结尾的字母d改为t。如：lend-lent-len

12、t, spend-spent-spent, send-sent-sent2. 改变单词中间元音字母。如：sit-sat-sat, win-won-won, shine-shone-shone, hold-held-held3. 以eep结尾的动词，把eep改为ept。如：keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept, sweep-swept-swept4. 过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。如： buy-bought-bought, fight-fought-fought, think-thought-thought, bring-brought-brou

13、ght, teach-taught-taught, catch-caught-caught5. 有的以ay结尾的动词，在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。如：say-said-said, lay-laid-laid, pay-paid-paid6. 另有一些其它形式的变化。如： have-had-had, learn-learnt-learnt, leave-left-left, lose-lost-lost, make-made-made, meet-met-met, feel-felt-felt（四） 、有些动词原形中含有字母i,在过去式中变i为a,在过去 分词中变i为u。如：（五）、以字母 ow 或 aw 结尾的动词,在变成过去式时,通常把元音字母变成e，在变成过去分词时，通常只在词尾加n。如： blow- blew- blown, draw-drew-drawn, grow-grew-grown, throw-threw-thrown, know-knew-known（六）、有些