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1、备战高考二轮复习情景交际邳州一中英语组概念解读:高考中的情景交际题是在特定的语言环境中考查考生运用语言的能力, 但由于受到中西方文化不同思维方式的影响,或只单纯地考虑语法规则而忽视礼貌得体原则,结果往往选错答案。基础知识结合比较历年高考试题,将常见的情景交际用语归纳如下:一、 “没关系;不要紧;没问题;别提了”类Never mind 意为 “没关系;不要紧;不用费事 ”,常用于以下几种场合:1)当别人向你致歉时;2)请对方放心或安慰对方时注意:由于受字面意思的影响, 很多学生把 Never mind 用于对 DoWould youmind 的否定回答。对 DoWould you mind 表示

2、 “不介意 ”时常用 No, not at all; ofcourse not; certainly not;No, please;No , go ahead 等;表示 “介意 ”的回答为 You had better not; You d rather not;I m afraid not; Im sorry,but 等。Forget it 意为 “没关系;不要紧;别提了”,通常用于以下场合:1)当别人向你致歉时;2)不同意对方要求的委婉拒绝No problem 意为 “没问题;成 ”。通常用于对别人的请求表示同意。类似的表达还有: All right ; OK 。It doesnt mat

3、ter 相当于 No matter,意为 “没关系;不要紧 ”,通常用于对别人道歉的答语。二、 pleasure 类It sa pleasure to do 意为 “很高兴做”,相当于 PleasedNiceGlad to do。It sa pleasure=A pleasure=My pleasure,意为 “不用谢; 没关系;这是我乐意做的”,通常是对 thank you 的回答。With pleasure=YesCertainly,意为 “当然可以;愿意效劳 ”。类似的答语还有: All right ;OK ; No problem;I d like to 等,主要用于对别人的请求表示乐

4、意去做的场合。三、 all right 类Thats all right 意为 “不用谢;没关系 ”,主要用于对感谢或歉意的礼貌回答。Thatright 意为 “对了;正确 ”,表示对对方的意见、看法或行为肯定的答复。相反说法为 Thatswrong。All right=OK ,意为 “行;可以 ”,通常用于对对方的建议或请求表示同意。1) sb.sth. be all rightOK 表示 “身体好;一切正常”2)感谢的礼貌回答有 Thats all right;Thats OK ;Not at all;Youre welcome;Dont mention ; It is a pleasur

5、eA pleasureMy pleasure;I m glad you enjoy 等;对歉意的礼貌回答有:Thats all right;It doesntmatter;Never mind;Forget it ;ThatsIts nothing 等。四、 “祝愿;祝贺 ”类当听到令人高兴的事时, 通常用 Im glad to hear that 来应答;否则用 Imsorry to hear that 来应答。当对方向你表示祝愿时, 常用 The same to you 或 You,too 来回答。但对Happy birthday to you 的回答常用 Thank you。当对方在某项

6、活动,如考试、比赛时,向对方表示祝福用Good luck。当对方在某方面取得成就或成功时,常用Congratulations 来表示。五、 Go ahead, Help yourself, Herebe 类Go ahead 表示鼓励对方做某事, 意为 “请吧; 请说吧;请开始吧; 请尽管用 ”。注意:在回答 May I use 或 I wonder if I can use 时,如借用的东西可以拿走,就用 Here you are,反之用 Go ahead。Help yourself 可表示 “请随便吃、喝 ”外,还可表示 “请自己动手做或拿”。Here it is 表示 “给你;在这儿 ”特

7、指上文提到的单数名词。Here they are 表示 “给你;在这儿;他们来了 ”特指上文提到的是复数名词。Her you are 表示 “给你;在这儿;你们来 到了 ”,特指上文提到的是半数或复数名词,也可以指另外提供的事物。Here we are 表示 “这儿有我们所需要的;我们到了”。解答情景交际题时要做到“四忌”一忌上词下用上词下用指的是答句部分沿用了题干句子的重点词、信息词,按表层意思似乎合情合理,但往往为错误的“虚像 ”,需经进一步分析后才能确定正确选项。如:用“ I dont 应答”“ Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomor

8、row, ”用“Dont be sorry 回答” “Im sorry I broke your mirror ,”用“ No thanks 回”答 “ Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me.”避免 “上词下用 ”的误区,一是确认题目涉及的交际功能项目,二是确认句子上下文语境,三是确认正确的话语方式。【例题】 I wonder if I could use your telephone. _.A. I wonder howC. Sorry, its out of orderB. I dont wonderD. No wonder, he

9、re it is.【答案及解析 】 C 尽管该题中反复出现 “wonder”一词, 但通过仔细审题可确定其考查的功能项目为征求对方意见,问句相当于 “Could I use your telephone ? ”综合语境和话题的分析,正确的答话方式一般为 “Of course you can 肯”(定)或“Sorry, you cant ”(否定 ),也只有 C 项 (抱歉,它坏了 )符合题意, A、 B、 D 项均属典型的 “上词下用 ”现象,而且 D 项中的 “No wonder”意思为 “难怪 ”,更是和题干内容相差甚远。二忌中文思维与上词下用比较,这一误区更具迷惑性,因为无论按题目内容或

10、是按思维方式来考虑,都非常符合中国学生的习惯。显然,掌握英汉两种语言和文化之间的相同和相异之处,对于准确解题至关重要。考生解题失误之一是按汉语的表达方式和结构去套英语,去选答案,这属于语言知识的 “负迁移 ”。【例题】 Do you think its going to rain over the weekend? _.A. I dont believeB. I dont believe itC. I believe not soD. I believe not【答案及解析 】 D以 Do you think?这样的句子来提问,用D 项来回答表示否定,显然不符合中文的表达习惯,这也正是许多考生

11、选了A 、B、C 项的原因。 另一个更常见的失误是套用中国文化模式。违背英语国家的思维方式和文化习俗,这属于文化方面的“负迁移 ”。三忌直接回绝这主要是指在对方要求得到帮助,提出请求或邀请时,回答过于直接,不够委婉,尽管从语义角度分析是没毛病的,但不符合英语国家的交际习惯。“请求 ”方面的问话有May I? /CanI ? /I wonder if I could/Do you mind if?I 等, “邀 请 ”方面的问话有Will you?/Would youlike to /Id like to invite to 等。在作否定 回答时,为了表示礼貌和委婉,通常要用一些委婉词,如but

12、, Im afraid, Im sorry, thanks, please, had better 等。【例题】 I didnt know this was a oneway street, officer. _A. Thats all right.B. I dont believe you.C. How dare you say that?D. Sorry , but thats no excuse.【答案及解析 】 D 许多考生有可能选 B、 C 项,这是没有注意到西方人生活、工作中交往的必要礼节,答话时过于生硬,没有顾及他人感情,而正确答案 D 项正是在充分考虑到说话双方的身份,彼此之间

13、的关系以及说话人的立场和态度的基础上做出的选择。四忌答非所问答非所问的错误比较容易察觉,如果问话与答话的内容风马牛不相及的话,考生可以迅速排除。但有时双方会话内容有所关联,仔细推敲才发现其实答语并不切题。最典型的例子是With pleasure 和 Its a pleasure。前者一般在事前回答,表示 “非常愿意 ”。后者一般在事后回答,表示 “不用客气 ”。【例题】 Sorry, I couldnt come to the party . I was sick that day. _.A. I dont know thatB. Thats all rightC. Yes, well hav

14、e another partyD. No, the party wasnt held【答案及解析 】 BA、C 和 D 三项均明显地答非所问,与问句无关;只有接的答复。B 项能够作出直历年高考情景交际题导解:(06 江苏 28)It took me ten years to build up my business, and it almost killed me.Well, you know what they say,.A.There is no smoke without fireB.Practice makes perfectC.All roads lead to RomeD.No p

15、ains, no gains答案D解析此题的四个选项均为谚语。There is no smoke without fire 意为 “无风不起浪 ”;Practice makes perfect 意为 “熟能生巧 ”; All roads lead to Rome 意为 “条条大路通罗马”; No pains,no gains 意为 “不劳无获 ”。在此题的情景中, 对于创业的艰辛只有15. 项符合要求。(06 陕西 11) I m terribly sorry that I made your table cloth dirty.A.Never mindB.Don t mention itC.

16、That s right D.Sorry答案A解析从 “我很抱歉把你的桌布弄脏了”来看下文应是表示宽慰对方的答语。mind.不要紧。而 Don t mention it 常.用于回答感谢。 C,D 两选项直接排除。Never(06 天津9) I m thinking of the test tomorrow.I m afraid I can t pass this time.!I m sure you ll make it.A.Go aheadB.Good luckC.No problemD.Cheer up答案D解析由后句 “I m sure youmakell it.我相信你会成功的 ”可

17、知,应是对对方的鼓励和信任。Cheer up 可用于表达鼓励、 促进的含义,相当于 Come on.作此意时的用法。Go ahead 意.为 “做吧 ”,用以表达对前面说话人的提议的支持和许可。(07 陕西 13)I think he is taking an active part in social work.I agree with you.A.in a wayB.on the wayC.by the wayD.in the way答案A解析本题考查介词短语。in a way=in one way“在某种程度上 ”; on the way“在途中”;by the way 顺“便说,顺便问

18、一下 ”;in the way 挡“道,碍事 ”。由句意“我在某种程度上同意你所说的 ”可知应选 A 项。(07 四川 34)A.No way.Accidents will happen.B.Doesn t matterC.No trouble at allD.Don t mention it答案B解析 No way.没门; Doesnt matter 不.要紧; No trouble at all.不麻烦; Dontmention it.别提了,是 Thank you.的答语。根据句意, Doesn t matter 正.确。(08 全国 6) Do you know Anna s tele

19、phone number?.As a matter of fact, I don t know anyAnna, either.A.I think soB.I m afraid notC.I hope soD.I d rather not答案B解析 本题考查情景交际。 句意为: 您知道安娜的电话号码吗? 恐怕不知道。事实上我也不认识什么安娜。根据 As a matter of fact, I don t know any Anna,either,可知回答时应用否定形式故排除 A、 C 两项; I d rather not 宁愿不 ,不符合题意。I m afraid not 恐怕不,符合题意。(

20、09 四川 1)May I open the window to let in some fresh air?_A. Come onB. Take careC. Go ahead!D. Hold on!答案C解析根据语境可以知道:去开吧,去做吧。所以答案为:C。容易误选A。come on的意思是 “算了吧!加油! ”(08 江苏 25) I can t repair these until tomorrow,I mfraid. That s OK,there s.A.no problemB.no wonderC.no doubtD.no hurry答案D解析由句意 “恐怕我得到明天才能修好这些

21、东西。”“没关系,不着急。”可知,应选no hurry。(09 陕西 19)Have you finished your first paper?. Just half of it. How about you?A. Not at allB. Not likelyC. Not a bitD. Not yet答案D解析交际用语。 Not at all:一点也不,根本不; not likely:不可能; not a bit:非常,很,极其; not yet:还没有。根据应答句中的just half of it 可知此处 D。(10 安徽 24)- Do you know if Linda is w

22、illing to take charge of the program?-_, does it?A. It takes no timeC. It doesn t hurt to ask答案: C考点:本题考查交际用语。B. It counts for nothingD. It doesn t make sense解析: It doesn t hurt to ask 意为 “又不是不能问; 问一下也无妨 ”; It counts fornothing 意为 “这不算什么 ”;It doesn t make sense 意为 “没有意义; 讲不通 ”; It take no time 意为 “这

23、不花时间 ”。句意为 “- 你知道 Linda是否愿负责这个项目吗? - 问一下也无妨,不是吗? ”(10 江西 21) Do you enjoy your present job? _. I just do it for a living.A Of courseB Not reallyC Not likelyD Not a little答案: B考点:考察情景交际解析: of course 当然 not really 委婉说不not likely 不可能not a little 非常前句问你喜欢现在的工作吗?从后一句答语我们知道, 他仅仅是为了谋生。所以前一句答语应该是否定的 , 而且答语口

24、气并不强烈 , 所以要用委婉的语气 , 答案: B高考情景交际真题练习1.(10 天津 2)Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me?Sure.?A. What help B. What is this C. What is it D. What do you want 2.(10 辽宁21) I ll do the washing-up. Jack, would you please do the floors?_.A Yes, pleaseBNo, I don tC. Yes, sureD. No, not at all3.(10 重庆 21)Youpa

25、rk here! It s an emergency exit.A. wouldn tB.needn tC. couldntD.mustn t( 10 重庆 26)- Honey, let s go out for dinner.-I don t have to cook.A. Forgot it! B. That s great!C. Why?D. Go ahead!5.(10 浙江 13)Would she mind playing against her former teammates?She is willing to play against any tough players.A

26、I think so.BI m not surprised. COf course.DNot likely!6.(10 四川 1) Here s your change.A. Thank you.C. No problemB. Don t mention it.D. With pleasure.7. -Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.-Well, you married one._.A. You name itB. I ve got itC. I can t agree more D. You should know.8. We

27、could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party.Yes,_ ? I ll give them a call right now.A. why notB. what forC. whyD. what9. Did you forget about my birthday?_ I ve booked a table at Michel s restaurant for this evening.A. What then?B. I m afraid so.C. How could I?D. For sure.10.So you gave

28、her your phone? _she said shed return it to me when she could afford her own.A. My pleasureB. Not exactlyC. No doubtD. All right11. I msorry I broken the vase. Oh, _. It wasn t very expensive.A. you d better notB. I m afraid notC. as you wishD. that s all right12. Are you going to Tom s birthday par

29、ty? _.I might have to work.A. It dependsB. Thank youC. Sound greatD. Don t mention it13. - We need three single rooms for the first week in June.- _. The hotel s not busy then.A. No problemB. Don t botherC. Never mindD. It doesn t matter You could always put the decisions off a little bit longer. _

30、If I leave it much longer I might miss my chance.A. That s reasonable advice. B. Isn t it a good idea? C. Do you think so? D.I can t agree more. 15. Oh, you sounded just like a native. _, I still have trouble expressing myself.A. Well, not quiteB.I don t careC. Yes, you re rightD. I m glad you like

31、it16. You can have a pet dog, but suppose you get bored with it in a few days? _ ? We won t, we promise!A. Then whatB. All rightC. how comeD. So what17. Linda didn t invite us to the party. _? I don t care.A. For whatB. So whatC. What s onD. What s up18. We got here Tuesday afternoon. _Why didn t yo

32、u call us earlier?A. Good luck!B. You did?C. It s no surprise.D. You are welcome19. I m sorry I didn t make it to your party last night. _, I know you re busy these days.A. Of courseB. No kiddingC. That s all rightD. Don t mention it Can I come and have a look at your new house? Yes, _!1.( 2012 山东 -

33、22) Sorry I m late. I got ckstuin traffic. _. You re here now. Come in and sit down.A. You are welcomeB. That s rightC. I have no ideaD. Never mind2.( 2012山东 -25)It doesn t matter _ you pay by cash or creditcard in this store.A. howB. whetherC. whatD. why2.( 2012安徽卷 -22) May I help you? Y ou seem to

34、 be having someproblems., thanks. I think I can manage.A.All rightB. No problemC. It all rightD. There s no way3.( 2012安徽卷 -32) I love the Internet. Ive come to know many friendson the Net. Few of them would become your real friends.A. Thats for sureB. Its not the caseC. I couldnt agree moreD. I m p

35、leased to know that4.( 2012重庆卷 -26) -The Modern Art Exhibition in the City Museum hasbeen cancelled.-Oh, no! _.A. It s a pityB. It doesn t matterC. I knew it alreadyD. It s not interesting at all5.( 2012重庆卷 -35) Look, here comes your dream girl. Invite her todance. _What if she refuses me?6.( 2012 江

36、苏卷 -24) Dont worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu. _! Ill tell Dad theres nothing serious.A. What a reliefB. CongratulationsC. How surprisingD. Im so sorry7. (江苏卷) Honey, the cats stuck in the tree. Can you turn off the TV and get a ladder Oh, it jumped off.A. Never mindB. All rightC. No

37、problemD. Take care?8( 2012 天津卷 -1 ) Can I have a day off tomorrow, Mr. Johnson? _. I can manage without you.Forget itB. I m afraid notC. It dependsD. Of course9( 2012 天津卷 -5 ) You have to believe in yourself. No one else will, if you don t. _. Confidence is really important.It s not my cup of tea B

38、. That s not the point C. I don t think soD. I couldn t agree more 10.(2012 浙江卷 -1) Is there anything else to discuss? _. I guess.A. Not at allB. No, thats allC. Yes, Im sureD. Yea, of course11. (2012 浙江卷 -20) Im going to San Francisco for a couple of days. _. I wish I could get away for a while.A. It doesnt matterB. Forget itC. I really envy youD. I cant agree more12.(2012 江西卷 -27) Have you paid? What s my share of the bill?

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