IT项目管理术语对照

1、英文术语汉语翻译Accept验收Acceptance验收AcceptanceCriteria验收标准AcquireProjectTeamProcess获取项目团队Activity活动ActivityAttributesOutput/Input活动属性ActivityCode活动编码ActivityDefinitionProcess活动定义ActivityDescription(AD)活动描述ActivityDuration活动历时ActivityDurationEstimatingProcess活动历时估算ActivityIdentifier活动标识符ActivityListOutput/In

2、put活动列表Activity-on-Arrow(AOAAOA双代号法Activity-on-Node(AONAON单代号法ActivityResourceEstimatingProcess活动资源估算ActivitySequencingProcess活动排序ActualCost(AQ实际成本ActualCostofWorkPerformed(ACWP已执行工作的实际成本ActualDuration实际历时ActualFinishDate(AF)实际完成日期ActualStartDate(AS)实际开始日期AnalogousEstimatingTechnique类比估算ApplicationA

3、rea应用领域ApportionedEffort(AE)分配的工作量Approval批准Approve批准ApprovedChangeRequest已批准的变更请求Arrow箭线ArrowDiagrammingMethod(ADM箭线图As-ofDate截止日期AssumptionsOutput/Input假设AssumptionsAnalysisTechnique假设分析Authority职权BackwardPass逆向推算BarChartTool条形图（甘特图）Baseline基线BaselineFinishDate基线完成日期BaselineStartDate基线开始日期BillofMa

4、terials(BOM材料单Bottom-upEstimatingTechnique自底向上估算BrainstormingTechnique头脑风暴Budget预算BudgetatCompletion(BA。完工预算BudgetedCostofWorkPerformed(BCWP已执行工作的预算成本BudgetedCostofWorkScheduled(BCWS计划工作的预算成本Buffer缓冲Buyer买方CalendarUnit日历单位ChangeControl义更控制ChangeControlBoard(CCB变更控制委员会ChangeControlSystemTool义更控制系统Cha

5、ngeRequest变更请求ChartofAccountsTool账目图表Charter章程（宪章）ChecklistOutput/Input检查单Claim索偿、索赔CloseProjectProcess结项（结束项目）ClosingProcessesProcessGroup结束（收尾）过程CodeofAccountsTool账目编码Co-locationTechnique同地办公CommonCause共同原因Communication沟通CommunicationManagementPlanOutput/Input沟通管理计划CommunicationsPlanningProcess沟通规

6、划Compensation补偿Component部（组）件ConfigurationManagementSystemTool配置管理系统ConstraintInput约束（条件）Contingency意外、应急情况ContingencyAllowance应急余量ContingencyReserveOutput/Input应急储备ContractOutput/Input合同ContractAdministrationProcess合同管理ContractClosureProcess合同终止/收尾ContractManagementPlanOutput/Input合同管理计划ContractSta

7、tementofWork(SOW/Output/Input合同工作说明书ContractWorkBreakdownStructure(CWBS)合同工作分解结构Output/InputControlTechnique控制ControlAccount(CA)Tool控制帐目ControlAccountPlan(CABTool控制账目计划ControlChartTool控制图ControlLimits控制范围Controlling控制CorrectiveAction纠正措施Cost成本CostBaseline成本基线CostBudgetingProcess成本预算CostControlProces

8、s成本控制CostEstimatingProcess成本估算CostManagementPlanOutput/Input成本管理计划CostofQuality(COQTechnique质量成本CostPerformanceIndex(CPI)成本绩效系数Cost-Plus-Fee(CPF)成本加附加费Cost-Plus-Fixed-Fee(CPFHContract成本加固定附加费合同Cost-Plus-Incentive-Fee(CPIF)Contract成本加奖励合同Cost-Plus-PercentageofCost(CPPC成本加成本比率合同Cost-ReimbursableContra

9、ct成本偿还合同CostVariance(CW)成本偏差CrashingTechnique压缩、赶工CreateWBS(WorkBreakdownStructure)Process创建工作分解结构Criteria准则/标准CriticalActivity关键活动CriticalChainMethodTechnique关键链法CriticalPathOutput/Input关键路径CriticalPathMethod(CPMTechnique关键路径法CurrentFinishDate当前结束日期CurrentStartDate当前开始日期Customer顾客、客户DataDate(DD数据时期

10、Date时期、日期DecisionTreeAnalysisTechnique决策树分析Decompose分解DecompositionTechnique分解Defect缺陷DefectRepair缺陷修复DeliverableOutput/Input可交付物DelphiTechniqueTechnique德尔非技术Dependency依赖关系DesignReviewTechnique设计评审DevelopProjectCharterProcess制定项目章程DevelopProjectManagementPlanProcess制定项目管理计划DevelopProjectScopeStateme

11、nt(Preliminary)制定项目范围说明书（初步）ProcessDevelopProjectTeamProcess项目团队建设DirectandManageProjectExecutionProcess指导和管理项目执行Discipline学科、专业DiscreteEffort离散工作量Document文档DocumentedProcedure总结并记录卜来的流程DummyActivity虚活动Duration(DUorDUR)历时EarlyFinishDate(EF)最早结束时间EarlyStartDate(ES)最早开始时间EarnedValue(EV)挣值EarnedValueMa

12、nagement(EVM挣值管理EarnedValueTechnique(EVT)Technique挣值技术Effort工作量Enterprise企业EnterpriseEnvironmentalFactorsOutput/Input企业环境因素/事业环境因素EstimateOutput/Input估算EstimateatCompletion(EA。Output/Input完工估算EstimatetoComplete(ETQOutput/Input完工尚需估算Event事件ExceptionReport异常报告Execute执行Executing执行ExecutingProcessesProc

13、essGroup执行过程Execution执行ExpectedMonetaryValue(EMVAnalysis期望货币值分析ExpertJudgmentTechnique专家判断FailureModeandEffectAnalysis(FMEATechnique失效模式和影响分析FastTrackingTechnique快速跟进FinishDate结束日期Finish-to-Finish(FF)结束-结束Finish-to-Start(FS)结束-开始Firm-Fixed-Price(FFP)Contract固定总价合同Fixed-Price-Incentive-Fee(FPIF)Contr

14、act固定价格加奖励合同Fixed-PriceorLump-SumContract固定价格或总额合同Float浮动时间FlowchartingTechnique流程图Forecasts预测、预想ForwardPass正向推算、正推法FreeFloat(FF)自由浮动时间FunctionalManager职能经理FunctionalOrganization职能型组织Funds资金GanttChart甘特图Goods货物、物品、商品Grade等级GroundRulesTool基本规则、条例HammockActivity集合活动HistoricalInformation历史信息HumanResour

15、cePlanningProcess人力资源规划mposedDate强制日期nfluenceDiagramTool影响图nfluencer有影响力的人nformationDistributionProcess信息发布nitiatingProcessesProcessGroup启动过程、开始过程nitiator发起人InputProcessInput输入nspectionTechnique审查ntegral整体（构成整体所必须的）ntegrated整体的ntegratedChangeControlProcess整体变更控制nvitationforBid(IFB)邀标书ssue问题、争端Knowle

16、dge知识KnowledgeAreaProcess知识域过程KnowledgeArea,ProjectManagement知识域、项目管理LagTechnique滞后LateFinishDate(LF)最迟结束时间LateStartDate(LS)最迟开始时间LatestRevisedEstimate最新修订的估算LeadTechnique超前LessonsLearnedOutput/Input经验教训LessonsLearnedKnowledgeBase经验知识库LevelofEffort(LOB投入水平Leveling平衡LifeCycle生命周期Log日志Logic逻辑LogicDiag

17、ram逻辑图LogicalRelationship逻辑关系ManageProjectTeamProcess管理项目团队ManageStakeholdersProcess管理项目干系人MasterScheduleTool主进度表Materiel物资MatrixOrganization矩阵型组织Methodology方法论Milestone里程碑MilestoneScheduleTool里程碑进度Monitor监督MonitorandControlProjectWorkProcess监督和控制项目工作Monitoring监督MonitoringandControllingProcessesProc

18、essGroup监督和控制过程MonteCarloAnalysis蒙特卡洛分析Near-CriticalActivity近关键路径/次关键路径Network网络NetworkAnalysis网络分析NetworkLogic网络逻辑NetworkLoop网络循环NetworkOpenEnd网络开放端NetworkPath网络路径NetworkingTechnique人际网Node节点Objective目标、目的Operations（日常）运营Opportunity机会Organization组织OrganizationChartTool组织图OrganizationalBreakdownStru

19、cture(OBSTool组织分解结构OrganizationalProcessAssetsOutput/Input组织过程财富/组织过程资产OriginalDuration(OD初始历时OutputProcessOutput输出ParametricEstimatingTechnique参数式估算ParetoChartTool帕累托图PathConvergence路径会聚PathDivergence路径发散PercentComplete(PCorPCT)完成百分率PerformQualityAssurance(QAProcess执行质量保证PerformQualityControl(QOPro

20、cess执行质量控制PerformanceMeasurementBaseline绩效测量基线PerformanceReportingProcess绩效报告PerformanceReportsOutput/Input绩效报告PerformingOrganization执行组织Phase阶段PlanContractingProcess计划签约PlanPurchasesandAcquisitionsProcess计划购买和获取PlannedFinishDate(PF)计划结束时间PlannedStartDate(PS)计划开始时间PlannedValue(PV)计划值PlanningPackage计

21、划包PlanningProcessesProcessGroup计划过程Portfolio投资组合PortfolioManagementTechnique投资组合管理/项目组合管理PositionDescriptionTool职（岗）位描述Practice惯例PrecedenceDiagrammingMethod(PDMTechnique前导图法PrecedenceRelationship前导关系PredecessorActivity前置活动PreventiveAction预防措施ProbabilityandImpactMatrixTool概率和影响矩阵Procedure流程Process过程P

22、rocessGroup过程组ProcurementDocumentsOutput/Input采购文档ProcurementManagementPlanOutput/Input采购管理计划Product产品ProductLifeCycle产品生命周期ProductScope产品范围ProductScopeDescription产品范围描述Program大型项目ProgramManagement大型项目管理ProgramManagementOffice(PMQ大型项目管理办公室ProgressiveElaborationTechnique渐进明细Project项目ProjectCalendar项目

23、日历ProjectCharterOutput/Input项目章程ProjectCommunicationsManagementKnowledgeArea项目沟通管理ProjectCostManagementKnowledgeArea项目成本管理ProjectHumanResourceManagementKnowledgeArea项目人力资源管理ProjectInitiation项目启动ProjectIntegrationManagementKnowledgeArea项目整体管理ProjectLifeCycle项目生命周期ProjectManagement(PM项目管理ProjectManage

24、mentBodyofKnowledge(PMBOK)项目管理知识体系ProjectManagementInformationSystem(PMIS)Tool项目管理信息系统ProjectManagementKnowledgeArea项目管理知识域ProjectManagementOffice(PMQ项目管理办公室ProjectManagementPlanOutput/Input项目管理计划ProjectManagementProcess项目管理过程ProjectManagementProcessGroup项目管理过程组ProjectManagementProfessional(PMF?)项目管

25、理专业人员ProjectManagementSoftwareTool项目管理软件ProjectManagementSystemTool项目管理系统ProjectManagementTeam项目管理团队ProjectManager(PM项目经理ProjectOrganizationChartOutput/Input项目组织章程ProjectPhase项目阶段ProjectProcessGroups项目过程组ProjectProcurementManagementKnowledgeArea项目采购管理ProjectQualityManagementKnowledgeArea项目质量管理Projec

26、tRiskManagementKnowledgeArea项目风险管理ProjectScheduleOutput/Input项目进度ProjectScheduleNetworkDiagramOutput/Input项目进度网络图ProjectScope项目范围ProjectScopeManagementKnowledgeArea项目范围管理ProjectScopeManagementPlanOutput/Input项目范围管理计划ProjectScopeStatementOutput/Input项目范围说明书ProjectSponsor项目出资人ProjectStakeholder项目干系人Pr

27、ojectSummaryWorkBreakdownStructure(PSWBSTool项目概要，作分解结构ProjectTeam项目团队ProjectTeamDirectory项目团队名录ProjectTeamMembers项目团队成员ProjectTimeManagementKnowledgeArea项目时间管理ProjectWork项目工作ProjectizedOrganization项目型组织QualitativeRiskAnalysisProcess定性风险分析QualityQualityManagementPlanOutput/Input质量管理计划QualityPlanningP

28、rocess质量规划QuantitativeRiskAnalysisProcess定量风险分析Regulation规章Reliability可靠性RemainingDuration(RD剩余历时RequestforInformation征集资料/信息RequestforProposal(RFP)方案征集书RequestforQuotation(RFQ报价请求RequestSellerResponsesProcess请求卖力回应RequestedChangeOutput/Input已申请的变更Requirement需求Reserve预留ReserveAnalysisTechnique预留分析Re

29、sidualRisk残余风险Resource资源ResourceBreakdownStructure(RBS资源分解结构ResourceCalendar资源日历Resource-ConstrainedSchedule受限于资源的进度ResourceHistogram资源图ResourceLevelingTechnique资源平衡Resource-LimitedSchedule资源受限的进度ResourcePlanning资源计划ResponsibilityAssignmentMatrix(RAMTool职责分配矩阵Result成果、结果Retainage保证金Rework返工Risk风险Ris

30、kAcceptanceTechnique风险接受RiskAvoidanceTechnique风险规避RiskBreakdownStructure(RBSTool风险分解结构RiskCategory风险类别RiskDatabase风险数据库RiskIdentificationProcess风险识别RiskManagementPlanOutput/Input风险管理计划RiskManagementPlanningProcess风险管理规划RiskMitigationTechnique风险缓解RiskMonitoringandControlProcess风险监督和控制RiskRegisterOutp

31、ut/Input风险登记表RiskResponsePlanningProcess风险响应规划RiskTransferenceTechnique风险转移Role角色RollingWavePlanningTechnique滚动式计划RootCauseAnalysisTechnique根本原因分析Schedule进度、进度表ScheduleActivity进度活动ScheduleAnalysis进度分析ScheduleCompressionTechnique进度压缩ScheduleControlProcess进度控制ScheduleDevelopmentProcess进度制定ScheduleMana

32、gementPlanOutput/Input进度管理计划ScheduleMilestone进度里程碑ScheduleModelTool进度模型ScheduleNetworkAnalysisTechnique进度网络分析SchedulePerformanceIndex(SPI)进度绩效指数ScheduleVariance(SV)进度偏差ScheduledFinishDate(SF)计划结束时间ScheduledStartDate(SS)计划开始时间Scope范围ScopeBaseline范围基线ScopeChange范围艾更ScopeControlProcess范围控制ScopeCreep范围曼

33、延ScopeDefinitionProcess范围定义ScopePlanningProcess范围规划ScopeVerificationProcess范围验证S-CurveS曲线SecondaryRisk二次风险SelectSellersProcess卖方（供方）选择Seller卖力、供方SensitivityAnalysis敏感度（灵敏度）分析Service服务Should-CostEstimate理想成本估算Simulation模拟Skill技能Slack松弛量SpecialCause特定原因Specification规格说明书SpecificationLimits规格限定Sponsor出资人、出资方StaffingManagementPlanProcess人员配置管理计划Stakeholder项目干系人Standard标准StartDate开始时间Start-to-Finish(SF)开始-结束Start-to-Start(SS)开始-开始