英语句子结构讲解

1、英语的基本句型主要有五种1、 主语系动词 表语2、 主语谓语3、 主语谓语 宾语4、 主语谓语 宾语 宾语5、 主语谓语 宾语 补语一、主语系动词表语 在这一句型中，动词是系动词，划线部分为表语。1.4.5.6.7.8.Mr.Brown is an engineer.(名词做表语)The question remained unsolved.(过去分词做表语)The machine is out of order.(介词短语做表语)The television was on.(副词做表语)His plan is to keep the affair secret.( My job is rep

2、airing cars.(9.注意：在下面的句子中，判断His jobis cleaning the classroom. He iscleaning the classroom.二、主语谓语 在这一句型中，动词常常为实义动词The sun is rising.Ill try.The engine broke down.The book sells well.The question is what you want to do.(is的用法动词不定式做表语)动名词做表语)从句做表语，即：表语从句)1.2.4.1.2. The window wont shut.3.4.2.4.5.The pe

3、n writes smoothly. Cheese cutseasily.、主语谓语宾语I cant expressmyself in English.( We cant afford to paysuch a price.( Would you mind waiting a fewminutes I hope that I have said nothing topain you.(动词宾语宾语6.四、主语 在此句型中，动词可以称作双宾语动词，人为间接宾语， 第一种情况，间接宾语可以改为 常用动bring handh等1. He handed a letter to me.2. I give

4、 a gif to my mother.第二种情况，间接宾语可以改为反身代词做宾语不定式做宾语？(动名词做宾语)从句做宾语，即：宾语从句lendto引导的短语。词returnpayfor引导的短语。物为直接宾语，有send bookbuy choosegivefetc3 . She sang us a folk song.4. She sang a folk for us.第三种情况，直接宾语可以由宾语从句充当。5. Tell him Im out.6. Can you inform me where Miss Green lives？五、主语谓语宾语宾语补足语 接宾语补足语的动词常见的有ca

5、ll, name, think, make watch, see, hear, find, keep等1. He found his new job boring.(形容词做宾补)2. The called their daughter Mary.(名词做宾补)3. We thought him to be an honest man.(to be做宾补)4. I saw her chatting with Nancy.(现在分词做宾补)5. He watched the piano carried upstairs.(过去分词做宾补)练习题一.请选出与下面句子结构一致的选项。a.主-系-表b

6、.主-动c.主-动- -宾d.主动-间宾 -直宾e.主-动- -宾-补1.The pain drove me mad. ( )2.Her explanation sounds crazy.()3. She threw him a kiss. ( )4. Time flies. ( )5. The cat caught the little mouse. ( )6. Many people consider the astronaut a great hero. ( )7. He has grown very old. ( )8. Mike is healthy.( )9. Architects

7、 design buildings. ( )10. She offered me some cake.( )二.请根据汉语意思连词成句。 一、主谓结构1.太阳升起。sun,rises, the2.红太阳升起。sun,rises, the,red3.红太阳在东方升起。sun, rises,the,red,in the east4.你要努力学习。study, should,you,hard5.他很晚才回家。he,home, very,went,late6.在月球上是没有生命的。on, can,moon,the,live, nothing7.他去国外做些研究工作。went, do,he,abroad

8、,to, some,research8.那个小孩唱歌的嗓子很好。child, little,sang, the,with,voice,a, beautiful9.时间过得真快。passes,time,quickly,very10.每天下午有很多学生到图书馆来借书。come, to borrow, to the library,books, a lot of,every,students, afternoon、主系表结构1我妈妈是护士。a, my, mother, is, nurse2.老师生气了。got,angry, teacher, the3.这是关于一位音乐家的故事。musician,is

9、, a,about, story, this4.他们看起来对我们很友好。appeared,with, they, to be friendly, us5.身体感到很冷。feels,cold, very, body,the6.布莱克的脸慢慢变红了Mr.Blacks,slowly, face, red,turned7.这个计划听起来很实际。practical, plan,the, sounds,very8.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家。he, at the ageof, fifteen, pianist, famous,a, became9.那个大垃圾堆散发出臭味。big, dump,rubbish

10、 , the, terrible,smells10.他的实验证明是成功的。proved,experiment, his, to be successful三、主谓宾结构1.他两年、八亠1、不教书了。he, his,teaching,two, gave, up,years,ago2.大雪使我们不能动身。snow, the, going,from,prevented, us3.怀特夫人照看着我的孩子。looked, my, children, after, Mrs.White4.学生上课时应注意听老师讲课。pay attentionto,students, the, teacher,should5

11、.他们顺利的宀完成了计划。successfully,they,carried out, plan, the6.人们谈论过那次音乐会。concert, talked,people,the,about7.你们必须在课后把练习本交来。must, you, your,hand in, exercise-books,afterclass8.长江把汉口和武昌分隔开来。Hankou, Wuchang, separates, the Yangtze River, from9.五分钟之内我们是不可能解出这道题的。work out, in five minutes, we, cant, the, problem1

12、0.他买这条项链花了五百美元。he, five hundred, the, necklace, spent, on, dollars四、主谓双宾语结构（间接宾语+直接宾语）1.他给了我一朵红玫瑰。rose, a, he, me, gave, red2.这孩子把他的身世告诉了我。told, me, the, story, boy, his3.这 件 晚 礼 服 花 了 他20美 元。twenty dollars, cost, the, him, evening, dress4.史密斯先生在课堂上问了我们几个问题。Mr. Smith, us, class, questions, asked, some, in, the5.约翰没有对经理说实话。5.我们大家都认为他是诚实的。us, all, him, of, supposed, honesttell, did, not, John, manager, the, the, truth6.你必须在星期五之前把书还给图书馆。before, the, library, books, the, to, you, must, re