2015年江苏高考英语试卷及答案

1、2015江苏高考英语试卷及答案2015江苏高考英语试卷二、单选21. Thenumberofsmokers,isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinthepastoneyear.A.itB.whichC.thatD.as22. Schoolsshouldbelivelyplaceswhereindividualsareencouragedtototheirgreatestpotential.A.accelerateB.improveC.performD.develop23. -Jim,canyouwork.？-?Ivebewenorkingtwoweeksonend

2、.A.WhymeB.WhynotC.WhatifD.Sowhat24. Muchtimesittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytrappedbyhealthproblems.A.beingspentB.havingspentC.spentD.tospend25. LiHua,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butA.ThatB.WhyC.WhereD.How26. Itissocoldthatyoucantgooutsidefullycoveredinthickclothes.A.ifB.unle

3、ssC.onceD.when27. TheuniversitystartedsomenewlanguageprogrammestothecountrysSilkRoadEconomicBelt.A.applytoB.caterforC.appealtoD.28. Itmighthavesavedmemuchtroubletheschedule.A.didIknowB.haveIknownC.doIknowD.hadIknown29. ThewholeteamDonald,andheseldomletthemdown.A.waitonB.focusonC.countonD.callon30. T

4、hereasonwhypricesandstillaretoohighiscomplex,andnoshortdiscussioncansatisfactorycanexplainthisproblem.A.wereB.willbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen31. Thepoliceofficersdecidedtoconductathorough,andreviewofthecase.A.comprehensiveB.complicatedC.suspiciousD.32. Someschoolswillhavetomakeinagreementwiththenationalso

5、cialreform.A.judgmentsB.adjustmentsC.commentsD.achievements33. -WhydidntyouinviteJohntoyourbirthdayparty?-Well,youknowhes.A.anearlybirdB.awetblanketC.aluckydogD.atoughnut34. ManyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearoundThomasEdison.A.thankstoB.regardlessofC.asidefromD.butfor35. -Goandsaysorrytoyou

6、rmom,Dave?- I d like to, but ImafraidMomowtoaucldcenptmyA.requestsB.excusesC.apologiesD.regrets三、完形填空IwasrequiredtoreadoneofBernieSiegelsbooksincollegeandwashookedonhispositivityfromthemomenton.Thestoriesofhisunconventional_36_andtheexceptionalpatientshewroteaboutwereso_37tomeandhadsuchabig38onhowIs

7、awlifefromthenon.WhoknewthatsomanyyearslaterIwouldlooktoDr.BernieandhisCDsagainto_39_myowncancerexperience?Inambitious_40,andwhenIstartedgoingthroughchemo（化疗），eventhoughImavery_41_person,Ilostmydrivetowrite.Iwasjusttootiredandnotinthe_42_.Oneday,whilewantingtogoinfor_43_,Ihadoneof18Dr.Berniesbooksin

8、myhand.Anotheraptient_44_whatIwasreadingandstruckupaconversationwithme_45hehadoneofhisbookswell.It46thatamongotherthings,hewasaneighty-one-year-oldwriter.Hewas_47apublishedauthor,andhewascurrently48onanewbook.Wewouldseeeachotheratvarioustimesand49friends.Sometimesheworeaduckhat,andIwouldtellmyself,h

9、ewasdefinitelya(n)Bernie.Hereallyputa_51_onmyface.Heunfortunately_50ofDr.52_lastyearhe left a deep impression on me-. The _54_ to55_ to myself,duetohiscancer,_53pickupmypenagain.I_Ifhecandoit,thensocanI.36.A.tastesB.ideasC.notesD.memories37.A.amazingB.shockingC.amusingD.strange38.A.strikeB.pushC.cha

10、llengeD.impact39.A.learnfromB.gooverC.getthroughD.referto40.A.readerB.writerC.editorD.doctor41.A.positiveB.agreeableC.humourousD.honest42.A.moodB.positionC.stateD.way43.A.adviceB.referenceC.protectionD.treatment44. A. viewed45. A. while46. A. carried outB. worked out C. proved outD. turned out47. A.

11、 naturallyB. merelyC. hopefully D. actually48. A. decidingB. investingC. workingD. relying49. A. becameB. helpedC. missed D. visited50. A. patientB. operatorC. fanD. publisher51. A. signB. smile C. mark D. mask52. A. showedup B. set off C. fell downD. passed away53. A. sinceB. butC. soD. forB.knewC.

12、noticedD.wonderedB.becauseC.althoughD.providing54. A. guidanceB. trustC. opportunityD. inspiration55. A.promisedB.sworeC.thoughtD.replied四、阅读理AVisitorCodeArrivewithnothingthatcanharmNewZealandIfyouarearrivingfromoverseas,bringnofood,animalorplantmaterialintothecountry.IfindoubtdeclareittoCustoms.Pro

13、tectplantsandanimalsNeverallowdogsorotherpetstorunfreelyinareasofnestingbirds,otherwildlife,orwheresighposted.GetridofrubbishAlwaysgetridofyourrubbishproperlyandrecyclewaste(e.g.glass,paper)wherepossible.BeconsideratewithotherwasteIfusingaportabletoiletalwaysthrowawayyourtoiletwasteataproperwastesta

14、tion.Inthebackcountry,buryyourtoiletwasteinashallowholeawayfromwaterway.KeepNewZealandswatercleanBecausesoapsandotherwastescanharmwaterways,becarefulyourwashingwaterdoesntpollutethesealakesandrivers.TakecarewithfiresAlwaysobservedistrictfirebans.Becarefulifyousmokeorhaveanoutdoorfireorbarbecue,makes

15、ureashesarecoldbeforeleaving.CamporpicniccarefullyWhencampingorpicnicking,usefacilitiesprovided.KeeptothetrackKeeptothetrack,whereoneexists,soyoulessenthechanceofdamagingfragileplants.BeconsiderateWhendriving,minimizenoiseandobservenosmokingsigns.56. AccordingtoVisitorCode,visitorscouldact.A.withcar

16、eandrespectB.withreliefandpleasureC.withcautionandcalmnessD.withattentionandobservation57. WhatareyouencouragedtodowhentravellinginNewZealand?A. Takeyourowncampingfacilities.B. Buryglassfarawayfromrivers.C. Followthetrackforthesakeofplants.D. Observesignstoapproachnestingbirds.BIntheUnitedStatesalon

17、e,over100millioncell-phonesarethrownawayeachyear.Cell-phonesarepartofagrowingmountainofelectronicwastelikecomputersandpersonaldigitalassistants.Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimesfasterthantraditionalgarbageasageneral.Electronicdevicescontainvaluablemetalssuchasgoldandsilver.ASwissstudyre

18、portedthatwhiletheweightofelectronicgoodsrepresentedbypreciousmetalswasrelativelysmallincomparisontotraditionalwaste,theconcentration（含量）ofgoldandotherpreciousmetalwashigherinso-callede-wastethaninnaturallyoccurringminerals.Electronicwastesalsocontainmanypoisonousmetals.Evenwhenthemachineandtheharmf

19、ulmetalsremoved,therecycledprocessofteniscarriedoutinpoorcountries,inpracticallyuncontrolledwayswhichallowmanypoisonoussubstancestoescapeintotheenvironment.Creatingproductsoutofrawmaterialscreatesmuchmorewastematerial,upto100timesmore,thanthematerialcontainedinthefinishedproducts.Consideragainthecel

20、l-phone,andimaginetheminesthatproducedthosemetals,thefactoriesneededtomaketheboxandpackagingitcamein.Manywastesproducedintheproducingprocessareharmfulaswell.TheU.S.EnvironmentProtectionAgencynotesthatmostwasteisdangerousinthat“theproduction,distribution,anduseofproducts-aswellasmanagementoftheresult

21、ingwaste-allresultingreenhouserelease.Individualscanmakecontributionsbycreatinglesswasteatbuyingreusableproductsandrecycling.Inmanycountries,theconceptofextendedproducerresponsibilityisbeingconsideredorhasbeenputinplaceasanincentive（动机）forreducingwaste.Ifproducersarerequiredtotakebackpackagingtheyus

22、etoselltheirproducts,wouldtheyreducethepackaginginthefirstplace?Governmentsincentivetorequireproducerstotakeresponsibilityforthepackagingtheyprocessshouldbebasedonmoney.Why,theyask,shouldcitiesortownsberesponsibletodealwiththebubblewrap（气泡垫）thatencasedyourtelevision?Fromthegovernmentspointofview,apr

23、imarygoaloflawsrequiringextendedproducerresponsibilityistotransferboththecostandthephysicalresponsibilityofwastemanagementfromthegovernmentandtax-payersbacktotheproducers.58. BytheSwissstudy,theauthorintendedtotellus.A. theweightofe-goodsisrathersmallB. e-wastedeservestobemadegooduseofC. naturalmate

24、rialscontainsmorepreciousmetalsD. thepercentageofpreciousmetalsisheavyine-waste59. Theresponsibilityofe-wastetransfer.A.fromproducerstogovernmentsB.fromgovernmentstoproducersC.fromindividualstodistributorsD.fromtogovernments60. Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Theincreaseine-wasteB.Thecreationofe

25、-wasteC.Theseriousnessofe-wasteD.Themanagementofe-wasteCSupposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganization.Itsvethryatliykoeulyllwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganizationacstivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestsinthework.Letsbeginwiththequestionofw

26、hypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetstarted.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiencesandtodevelopsocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeetthoseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselec

27、tvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofopportunitygiven,someschoolshavelaunchedvolunteerprogrammes.Unlikecanpeoplewsshofparticipationfromaninternalfactor(e.g.volunteerbecauseitsimportantotme.”)toane

28、xternalfactor(e.g.“IvolunteerbecauseImpreparedtodoso.”W)henthathappens,peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbesensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivityamust.Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?Toanswerthisquestion,researchershaveco

29、nductedfollow-upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance,onestudyfollowedvolunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionsasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsupportyou,itleadstoimpor

30、tantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersthemwithstrategiesforwiththeproblemtheyexperience.”Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.I

31、twasestimatedthatthosepeopletheroleofvolunteerpartoftheirpersonalbemorelikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichsocialrolemattersbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringathospitalsisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchersexpectations,theyfocusedapositivecoh

32、esio相关)betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthsoftimepeoplecontributedtovolunteer.Theseagain,leadtoconcreteadvice.“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering,continuedefforttofocusondevelopingvolunteerrole.”61. Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof.A.academicrequirementsB.socialexpectationsC.financialrewardsD.int

33、ernalneeds62. WhatcanwelearnfromFloridastudy?A. Followupstudiesshouldlastforoneyear.B. Volunteersshouldgetmentallyprepared.C. Volunteertrainingisamustinresearch.D. Volunteersareprovidedwithconcreteadvice.63. Whatismostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork?A.individualdifferencesinroleidentit

34、y.B.PubliclyidentifiablevolunteerT-shirt.C.Roleidentityasavolunteer.D.Practicaladvicefromresearchers.64. Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtogetpeopletovolunteerB.HowtostudyvolunteerbehaviorC.HowtokeepvolunteersD.HowtoorganizevolunteersactivitiesFreedomandResponsibilityFreedomschallengeinthedigita

35、lAgeisaserioustopic.Wearefacingtodayastrangenewworldandweareallwonderingwhatwearegoingtodowithit.Some2,500yearsagoGreecediscoveredfreedom.Beforethattherewasnofreedom.Thereweregreatcivilizations,splendidempires,butnofreedomanywhere.EgyptandBabylonwerebothtyrannies,oneverypowerfulmanrulingoverhelpless

36、masses.InGreece,inAthens,alittlecityinalittlecountry,therewerenohelplessmasses.AndAthenianswillinglyobeyedthewrittenlawswhichtheythemselvespassed,andtheunwritten,whichmustbeobeyediffreemenlivetogether.Theymustshoweachotherkindnessandpityandthemanyqualitieswithoutwhichlifewouldbeverypainfulunlessonec

37、hosetolivealoneinthedesert.TheAtheniansneverthoughtthatamanwasfreeifhecoulddowhathewanted.Amanwasfreeifhewasself-controlled.Tomakeyourselfobeywhatyouapprovedwasfreedom.Theyweresavedfromlookedattheirlivesastheirownprivateaffair.EachonefeltresponsibleforthewelfareofAtheniansnotbecauseitwasforcedonhimf

38、romtheoutside,butbecausethecitywashisprideandhissafety.Theessentialbeliefofthefirstfreegovernmentintheworldwaslibertyforallmenwhocouldcontrolthemselvesandwouldtakeresponsibilityforthestate.Butdiscoveringfreedomisnotlikediscoveringcomputers.Itcannotbediscoveredonceforall.Ifpeopleit,andworkforit,itwil

39、lgo.isitsprice.wasachangethattookplacewithoutbeingnoticedthoughitwasoftheextremeimportance,aspiritualchangewhichaffectedthewholestate.IthadbeentheAtheniansprideandjoytogivetotheircity.Thattheycouldgetmaterialbenefitsfromherneverenteredtheirmind.Therehadtobeacompletechangeofattitudebeforetheycouldloo

40、katthecityasanemployerwhopaidhercitizensfrodoingherwork.Nowinsteadofmengivingtothestate,thestatewastogivetothem.Whatpeoplewantedwasagovernmentwhichwouldprovideacomfortablelifeforthem,andwiththisastheprimaryobject,ideasoffreedomandself-relianceandresponsibility-titlepointofdisappearing.Athenswasmorea

41、ndmorelookedonasacooperativebusinesspossessedofgreatwealthinwhichallcitizenshadarighttoshare.Athensreachedthepointwhenthefreedomshereallywantedwasfreedomfromresponsibility.Therecouldbeonlyoneresultburdenofself-dependenceandresponsibilityforthecommongood,theywouldceasetobefree.Responsibilityisthepric

42、eeverymanmustpayforfreedom.Itistobehadonotherterms.Athens,theAthensofAncientGreece,refusedresponsibility,shereachedtheendoffreedomandwasnevertohaveitagain.But,theexcellentbecomesthepermanent,Aristotlesaid.Athenslost,butfreedomwasnotlostforeverfortheworld.AgreatAmerican,JamesMadisonreferredto“Thecapa

43、cityofmankindfors-eglofvernment”.NodoubthehadnotanideathathewasspeakingGreek.Athenswasnotinthefarthestbackgroundofhismind,butonceamanhasagreatandgoodidea,itisnevercompletelylost.ThedigitalAgecannotdestroyit.Somehowinthisorthatwaythoughtsuchanidealivesthoughunconsideredbytheworldofaction.Onecanneverb

44、esurethat it is not on the point of breaking outonly sure that it will do so sometime.65. Whatdoestheunderlinedword”tyrannies”inParagraph2referto?A. CountrieswheretheirpeopleneedhelpB. PowerfulstateswithhappinessC. SplendidstateswherepeopleenjoyfreedomD. Empiresruledwithabsolutepower66. Peoplebeliev

45、inginfreedomarethosewho.A. regardtheirlifeastheirownbusinessB. regardfreedomastheirprimaryobjectC. behavewithinlawsandvaluesystemD. treatotherswithkindnessandpity67. WhatchangeinattitudetookplaceinAthens?A. TheAtheniansrefusedtotaketheirresponsibility.B. TheAtheniansnolongertookprideinthecity.C. The

46、Atheniansbenefitedspirituallyfromthegovernment.D. TheAthenianslookedonthegovernmentasabusiness.68. Whatdoesthesentence“Therecouldbeonlyoneresult”inParagraph5mean?A. Athenswouldcometoanend.B. Athenswouldceasetohavefreedom.C. Freedomwouldcomefromresponsibility.D. FreedomwouldstopAthensfromself-depende

47、nce.69. WhydoestheauthorrefertoAristotleandMadison?A. Theauthorishopefulaboutfreedom.B. Theauthoriscautiousaboutself-government.C. TheauthorisskepticalofGreececivilization.D. Theauthorisproudofthemanscapacity.70. Whatistheauthorsunderstandingoffreedom?A. Freedomcanbemorepopularindigitalage.B. Freedo

48、mmaycometoanendinthedigitalage.C. Freedomshouldhaveprivacyoverresponsibility.D. Freedomneedstobeguaranteedbyresponsibility.四、任务型阅读：Peopleselectnewsinexpectationofareward.Thisrewardmaybeeitheroftwokinds.OneisrelatedtowhatFreudcallsthePleasurePrinciple,theothertowhathecallstheRealityPrinciple.Forwanto

49、fbetternames,weshallcallthesetwoclassesimmediaterewardanddelayedreward.Ingeneral,thekindofnewswhichmaybeexpectedtogiveimmediaterewardarenewsofcrimeandcorruption,accidentsanddisasters,sports,socialevents,andhumaninterest.Delayedrewardmaybeexpectedfromnewsofpublicaffairs,economicmatters,socialproblems

50、,science,education,andhealth.Newsofthefirstkindpaysitsrewardsatonce.Areadercanenjoyanindirectexperiencewithoutanyofthedangersorstressesinvolved.Hecantremblewildlyatanaxemurder,shakehisheadsympatheticallyandsafelyatahurricane,identifyhimselfwiththewinningteam,laughunderstandinglyatawarmlittlestoryofc

51、hildrenordogs.Newsofthesecondkind,however,paysitsrewardslater.Itsometimesrequiresthereadertotolerateunpleasantnessorannoyanceas,forexample,whenhereadsofthethreateningforeignsituation,themountingnationaldebt,risingtaxes,fallingmarket,scarcehousing,andcancer.Ithasakindof“threatvalue.”Itisreadsothatthe

52、readermaybeinformedandprepared.Whenareaderselectsdelayedrewardnews,hepullshimselfintotheworldofsurroundingrealitytowhichhecanadapthimselfonlybyhardwork.Whenheselectsnewsoftheotherkind,heusuallywithdrawsfromtheworldofthreateningrealitytowardthedreamworld.Foranyindividual,ofcourse,theboundariesofthese

53、twoclassesarenotstable.Forexample,asociologistmayreadnewsofcrimeasasocialproblem,ratherthanforitsimmediatereward.Acoachmayreadasportsstoryforitsthreatvalue:hemayhavetoplaythatteamnextweek.Apoliticianmayreadanaccountofhislatestsuccessfulpublicmeeting,notforitsdelayedreward,butverymuchashiswifereadsan

54、accountofaparty.Inanygivenstoryofcorruptionordisaster,athoughtfulreadermayreceivenotonlytheimmediaterewardofindirectexperience,butalsothedelayedrewardofinformationandpreparedness.Therefore,whilethedivisionofcategoriesholdsingeneral,anindividualstendencymaytransferanystoryfromonekindofreadingtoanothe

55、r,ordividetheexperiencebetweenthetwokindsofreward.Whatnewsstoriesdoyouread?DivisionofnewsstoriesPeopleexpecttoget(71)fromreadingnews.Newsstoriesareroughlydividedintotwoclasses.Somenewswillexcitetheirreadersinstantlywhileotherswont.(72)ofthetwoclassesNewsofimmediaterewardwillseeminglytaketheirreaders

56、totheveryfrighteningscenewithoutactual(73).Readerswillassociatethemselvescloselywithwhathappensinthenewsstoriesand(74)similarfeelingswiththoseinvolved.Newsofdelayedrewardwillmakereaderssuffer,orpresenta(75)tothem.Newsofdelayedrewardwillinducethereaderto(76)fortherealitywhilenewsofimmediaterewardwillleadthereaderto(77)fromthereality.UnstableboundariesofthetwoclassesWhatreadersexpectfromnewsstoriesarelargelyshapedbytheir(78).Seriousreaderswillbothgetexcitedoverwhathappensinsomenewsstoriesand(79)themselvestothereality.Thus,thedivision,onthewhole,(80)onthereader.第五部分：书面表达（满