牛津译林版初中英语9AUnit3Teenageproblems语法知识点及相关习题

1、Unit 3 Teenage problems（B）一. 教学内容：9A Unit 3 Grammar二. 教学目标：1. To-i nfin itives 动词不定式2.“ wh” words + -infinitive 疑问词+不定式动词3. Sentence types 句子的四种类型【具体教学过程】（一）To-infinitives 动词不定式Subject （主语）To plant trees every year is necessary.不定式作主语常能换成形式主语“ it ”.To eat too much is un healthy for you.It is un heal

2、thy for you to eat too much.To lear n En glish well is importa nt.It is importa nt to lear n En glish well.我们相信早上读英语是有帮助的.We believe it is helpful to read En glish in the morning.Predictive （表语）My dream is to be a great football player.不定式作表语，说明主语的内容，性质，特征，能接不定式作表语的名词有：purpose, job 等1. 我的目的是帮助你提高你的英

3、语水平。My purpose is to help you improve your En glish.2.赫本的梦想是成为一个成功的芭蕾舞者。Hepburn s dream was to becomesaccessful ballet dancer.Object （宾语）不定式可以接在有些动词后作宾语，如：hope, promise, plan, learn, decide,remember, forget, seem1. 请你不要忘记参加我们的俱乐部派对。Please don f6rQet to take part in our club party.2. 他决定上课时不再讲话了。He d

4、ecided not to talk in class any Ion ger.（不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not）下列句子中哪个是宾语？dream, plan, duty, aim,choose, prepare, agree,Wearing red can make it easier for you to take action.“it 可以代替不定式作宾语，称之为形式宾语。能加形式宾语的动词通常有老师应该使学生学英语容易。:make, find, consider, feelTeachers should make it easier for stude nts to lear

5、 n En glish.我们发现打电脑游戏有趣。We find it in teresti ng to play computer games.Object Complement （宾语补足语）My pare nts do not allow me to go out after 6 p.m.不定式作宾补，此时宾补与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。这样的搭配有:allow sb. to do sth.n eed sb. to do sth.advise sb. （not） to do sth.want sb. （not） to do sth.tell/ ask /order sb. （not） to

6、do sth.1. 妈妈告诉我雨天不要骑自行车。My mother tells me not to ride a bike on a rainy day.有些动宾结构可以接省略“ to 的不定式作宾补。（使役动词）make/ let/ have sb. do sth.（感官动词）see/hear/notice/watch sb. do sth.2. 米丽的父亲每天让她做很多练习。Millie s father makes derplenty of exercises.3. 有人看到他走进那幢高楼。Some one saw him walk into that tall build ing.被动

7、语态在被动语态中“ to 要还原。Millie is made to do ple nty of exercises.He was see n to walk into that tall buildi ng.动词“help 既可以带“to ”也可以带省略 “to 的不定式。This can help us （to） relax and make our lives more in terest ing.Attributive （定语）Mr Wu is always the last to leave.不定式作定语通常放在被修饰的词之后。1. 我还有一些事情要说。I have some mor

8、e to say.2. 有必要告诉他事实的真相。There is n eed to tell him the truth.3. He said he found a chair to sit on.有一些名词后常可以用不定式作定语1. It s time to go to school.2. Jim said there was no time to go to the hospital .3. Which is the way to go to the cin ema?Adverbial （to express purpose 表目的）He stayed there to see what

9、would happe n.不定式可用作状语表目的。You d better take more exercise to keepealthy.People liv ing in cold climates prefer to use warm colours to create a warm and comfortable feeli ng there. Adverbial (to expressresult 表结果)Linda came back home to find her house on fire.不定式可以作状语表结果The little baby has grow up to

10、 be a beautiful girl.随堂练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空1.1 have a lot of homework_(do) every day.2. I want to refuse_(do) so much work.3. I hope_ (hear) from you soon.4. My dream is_(be) a great football player.5. I believe it is importa nt for us_ (spe nd) some time on our hobbies.(二)wh words + toinfinitive 疑问词 + 不

11、定式动词疑问词：疑问代词 “who, whom, what, which, whose ”疑问副词 when, where, how 连接词whether”Yao Ming 未决定下一步干什么。Yao Ming hasn t decided_next.Su Min gjua n decided_.(至 U 哪儿工作)Bill Gates knew_ ( 怎样帮助 )children.随堂练习：选词填空:how which what when where1. When I go into the clothes shop, I always can t decidene to buy.2. My

12、 grandfather doesn t know_to use a computer.3. A: Will you please show me_to drive a car?B: Yes, of course. Now let me tell you_ to do first.4. I will tell Lucy_and_ to meet.注意点：1. 适用于 疑问词+不定式动词”的动词包括：ask, explain, forget, know, remember, tell, decide, find out, hear, learn, see, understand, conside

13、r, discover, guess, think,wonder, 等。 ”We must know what to say at a meeti ng.He could not tell whom to trust.There are so many kinds of tape- recorders that I can t decide which to buy.2. 这结构可与宾语从句互换，例如：I could not decide which dict ionary to buy.=I could not decide which dict ionary I should buy.Ja

14、ck did not know where to find such a good teacher.=Jack did not know where he could find such a good teacher.I don t know where to go now.=I don t know where I should go now. 随堂练习 :把下列句子改成简单句1) The old lady found out where she could buy cheaper fruits.The old lady found out _ _ _ cheaper fruits.2) W

15、ill you show us how we can make a model plane?Will you show us _ _ _ a model plane?3) She hasn t told me what I should do and what I should not do.She hasn t told me _ _ _ and what _ _ _ .4) Have you decided which dress you will take?Have you decided _ dress _ _ ?3.有些动词，如“ ask, show, tell,advise, i

16、nform, teach 等，可以先有宾语，然后才接着加上适当的疑问词+不定式动词 ”结构。例如：Please show us how to do that. 请给我们演示如何去做。He taught us how to use a computer. 他教我们如何使用计算机。精选试题 :1. There s no differenee between the two words. I really don河南 know_.(A. what to choose B. which to choose C. to choose which D. to choose what2. The stude

17、nts of Class One will spend their winter holiday in Shenzhen, bu t the students of Class Two haven tdecided_ . ( 广东省 )A. what to buyB. how to goC. where to goD. which to choose3._ the computer is a problem.A. How to useB. What to useC. Which to useD.Where to use4.The Frenchman didn t know _ this wor

18、d in Chinese.A. how to tellB. how to speakC. how to sayD.how to talk(三)Sentence types 句子的四种类型Statements Questions Imperatives Exclamations No.1 Statements: To give informationPositive statements:He is a boy.The girls are reading.We like English.They saw a film yesterday.Tom will help us.They have be

19、en there.He can speak Chinese.Negative statements:He isn t a boy.The girls aren t reading.We don t like English.They didn t see a film yesterday.Tom won t help us.They haven t been there.He can t speak Chinese.No.2 Questi ons: To ask for in formati on or request things 一般疑问句(Ge neral questi on s)Is

20、Sim on playi ng football?Does he like apple?Did you call me last ni ght?Are they wait ing for me?Can/May/Must/Should特殊疑问句(Special questions)What is Sim on doi ng?Who is the old man?Why are you late?When did you come back?How do you go to school?Where do you live?How do you know that?选择疑问句(Alternativ

21、e Questions )Do you like football or basketball?Do you want tea or coffee?反意疑问句(Tag-Questions)Jim is a boy, isn t he?He doesn t know her, does he? 他不认识她，对不对？No.3 Imperatives: To give orders.Positive(Please) come in .Sit dow n.Go with me.Look at the blackboard.Follow me.Let s sing together.Let s have

22、 a big dinner.NegativeDon t come inwill you?No.4 Exclamati ons: To express strong feeli ngs.What+ n.+(主语+谓语动词)!What a nice girl（she is）!What beautiful fields!What clea n water!How+ adj. +（主语+谓语动词）!How beautiful （my hometow n is）!How clea n （the water is）!How big（the room is）!随堂练习：按要求改写下列句子1）The clev

23、er boy can speak Japanese well.（改成一般疑问句否定句）_ the clever boy_ Japa nese well?The clever boy_speak Japa nese well.2）Max felt stressed and angry last year.（对划线部分提问）_ Max feel last year?3）Please turn off the lights.（改成否定句）_turn off the lights,_ .4）We often use yellow stationery when we study for exams.（

24、 改成祈使句 ）_ yellow statio nery whe n we study for exams.5）The room looks very peaceful.（改成感叹句 ）_ the room looks!6）All of boys had a nice time last night.（改成感叹句）_ all of boys had last n ight!【模拟试题】（答题时间：20 分钟）一、单项选择1.1_ much time_ my homework yesterday.A. took; to doB. cost; doingC. spe nts; to doD. sp

25、e nt; doing2. I hope_ soon.A. to hear a letter of youB. to hear from youC. to hear a letter from youD. to hear from you letter3. I n the country we can hear the birds_all the time.A. to si ngB. singingC.sin gsD.sang4. The teacher asked Mr. Smithfor a mome nt.A. holdi ng onB. holds onC.held onD.to ho

26、ld on5. Sue findsdifficult to play basketball.A. thatB. thisC.itD.it s、完成下列句子。1. Simon doesn t know_ 做什么）.2. Sandy wants to know_ （至 U 哪儿寻求建议 ）.3. Millie doesn t know_ 军决）her problem.4. Simon just forgot_ (什么时间接)his frien ds.5. You should decide_ (做哪个)first.6. Paul knows_(跟谁谈)for help.7. She knew_ (

27、给谁)this to.8. I can t decide_ 踢足球 )or do homework.三、 用所给动词的适当形式填空：1._ The house is not big enough(live ) in.2.It is hot .Let s_ in the river. ( swim )3.1 saw a car_ across the bridge just now. ( go)4. I d like you_ my parents soon. (meet )5 It importa nt_ n glish well. ( lear n )6. Do you enjoy_ story books? ( read )7. You d better_at home. (stay )8. The teacher told the stude nt_ that any more .( no t ,do )四、 汉译英：1. 他们只是需要学会如何在工作和玩之间取得平衡。They just n eed_ .2. 今天似乎比昨天冷多了。The weather_ .3.我不想和那些取笑别人的学生交朋友。I don t want_the students