高三英语一轮之名词性从句ppt课件

1、在英语的句子构造中，假设本该由名词充任的主语、在英语的句子构造中，假设本该由名词充任的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充任，那么这宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充任，那么这个句子就叫个句子就叫_。主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句名词性从句名词性从句名词性从句名词性从句引导词引导词 衔接词：that, whether, if, because，as if, as though衔接代词: who, whom, what, which, whose，whatever 衔接副词: when, where, why, how，however, wherever

2、名词性从句的引导词名词性从句的引导词充任：主宾表定充任：主宾表定充任：状语充任：状语不充任成份不充任成份 What I want to do is to go shopping. 2. She had a feeling that she was being watched. 3. I dont think that he is an honest boy. 4. Who will go with you is decided by yourself.( (主语从句主语从句) )( (同位语从句同位语从句) )( (宾语从句宾语从句) )( (主语从句主语从句) )判别从句的方法：判别从句的方

3、法：一一 找谓语动词找谓语动词二二 找引导词划从句找引导词划从句三三 看从句在主句的位置看从句在主句的位置请判别出以下的句子属于哪种从句：请判别出以下的句子属于哪种从句：在名词性从句中一概用陈说句的语序，即使从句表达的是疑问含义。 The problem is what he has done to the little boy. 问题是他对那个小男孩做了些什么。 1. 主语从句在句中作主语的句子叫主语从句。 主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether 和衔接代词what, who, which, whatever, whoever以及衔接副词how,when,where, why等词引导

4、。that在从句中无词义，只起衔接作用；衔接代词和衔接副词在句中既保管本人的疑问含义、又起衔接作用，在从句中充任成分。 Who will win the match is still unknown. Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. That he stole a bike was true. What he wants to tell us is not clear. 单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数方式。假设是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词那么用复数方式。 Where an

5、d when he was born has not been found. When the person was murdered and why he was murdered are still unknown. 有时为防止句子头重脚轻，常用it 替代主语从句作方式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主句的谓语动词普通用单数方式。常用句型如下：1It + be + 名词 + that从句2It + be + 描画词 + that从句3It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句4It + 不及物动词 + that 从句It is known to us how he becam

6、e a writer. 留意:在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不置信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气 “(should) +do，常用的句型有：It is necessary /important/naturalstrange, etc.) that 2. 宾语从句名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作及物动词或介词及某些描画词的宾语。衔接词衔接词that引导宾语从句时，句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正引导宾语从句时，句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去。但下面情况中不能省略。式的文体中常被省去。但下面情

7、况中不能省略。1that普通不能充任介词宾语普通不能充任介词宾语,但但except,in的宾语。如的宾语。如:He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless.他是个好学生他是个好学生,就是有点大意。就是有点大意。He differed from his classmates in that he devoted his spare time to reading.他和他的同窗不同的地方在于他把课余时间用在了读书上。他和他的同窗不同的地方在于他把课余时间用在了读书上。其他介词后面需求用其他介词后面需求用that从句作宾语时

8、从句作宾语时,必需用必需用it作方式宾语。如作方式宾语。如:You may depend on it that I shall always help you.他要置信我会不断协助他的。他要置信我会不断协助他的。1.由衔接词that引导的宾语从句留意留意:在在demand, order, suggest, advise, decide, insist, desire, request, command等表示要求、等表示要求、命令、建议、决议等意义的动词后，宾语从句命令、建议、决议等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用常用 “should+ 动词原形。动词原形。 should可省略可省略I insist

9、that she (should) do her work alone. The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 但是, 假设suggest作“阐明、暗示讲, insist作“坚持说、坚持以为讲，那么其后的宾语从句中应该用陈说语气。 The smile on his face suggested that he had passed the examination. 衔接词衔接词 whether 和和if表表“能否能否,引导名词性从句时在从句中不担当句子成引导名词性从句时在从句中不担当句子成分分,但有本人的意义。但

10、有本人的意义。在以下情况下只能用在以下情况下只能用whether而不用而不用if:(1)在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中;(2)在介词后的宾语从句中在介词后的宾语从句中;(3)与与or not连在一同运用时。连在一同运用时。(4)discuss后必需用后必需用whether引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句。(5)跟不定式连在一同运用时跟不定式连在一同运用时典例典例4 (2021陕西陕西,20)It remains to be seen the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.答案答案w

11、hether2.whether/if的用法的用法4)宾语从句中的时态呼应 宾语从句的谓语动词时态受主句谓语动词的影响，假设主句的谓语动词是普通如今时从句中的谓语动词可以用各种时态； I know that he studies English every day. I know (that) he will study English next year. We all know that he has studied English since 1998. I know that he studied English last term. The teacher told us that T

12、om had left us for America 假设主句中的谓语动词用了普经过去时，那么从句中的语动只能用过去时的某种方式，如普经过去时，过去进展时，过去未来时等； We believed that he had earned enough money to build a house. The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America 当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然景象，那么从句仍用如今时态。 The teacher told us that the sun rises in the east.5)当主句是I/ We th

13、ink (suppose, expect, believe, guess, imagine) 时，其后的宾语从句假设能否认方式，常把否认词not从从句中转移到主句中成为否认的转移。 We dont believe that he will win the game. I dont think he will do so. doubt用于一定构造时，后面用whether/ if 引导名词性从句；用于否认构造或疑问构造时，后面用 that 引导名词性从句。be sure 用于一定句或疑问句时，后接 that 引导的名词性从句；用于否认句时，后接whether/if 引导的名词性从句。 衔接代词wh

14、oever，whatever，whichever可引导名词性从句，相当于anyone who, anything that等。它们也可以引导退让状语从句，相当于 no matter who/ what/ which。 Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 3. 表语从句在句中作表语的句子叫表语从句。 引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if, because 引导。其根本构造为： 主语 + 系动词 + that从句 The fact is that we have lost the game.

15、Thats just what I want. This is where our problem lies. That is why he didnt come to the meeting. It looks as if it is going to rain. This is because he missed the train by one minute.在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句普通放在如在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句普通放在如idea, news, fact, promise, suggestion, belief, truth等含有丰富等

16、含有丰富内涵的笼统名词后面，用来阐明前面那个词的详细内容。引导同位内涵的笼统名词后面，用来阐明前面那个词的详细内容。引导同位语从句的衔接词通常有语从句的衔接词通常有that, whether和衔接副词和衔接副词when, where, why, how；衔接代词；衔接代词who，what，whose，which通常不引导同通常不引导同位语从句。位语从句。 1. He gave her a promise that he would come back after two months.2. She had a feeling that she was being watched.3. The news that he couldnt come makes us upset.4. Whatever gave you the idea that I can sing?5.I have no idea whether /when/how he will co