1现在完成时讲解

1、现在完成时讲解一.基本结构：助动词 have/has+过去分词(done)二. 句型：否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语：Yes,主语+ have/has.(肯定)No,主语 + haven't/hasn't.( 否定)二 用法Id现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影喻或结电、I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了 .)Guo zijun has (just/already) come.( 含义： 郭子君现在在这儿)_

2、看至ij这些词 already, just, yet, before, ever, never, sofar , three times耍用现在完成时。(2)现在完成时可以用来表示在过去某一时刻发生，持续到现在 的动作，常与for (+一段时间),since (+过去的时间点或过去时 的句子)连用.for+ 一段时间since+过上一个时间点(译为：自从以来)since+段时间+agosince+过去时的句子It is+ 一段时向+since+过去时的句子Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.四. has g

3、one (to),has been (to), has been (in)的区另 UHave/Has gone(to):去了(琬在不在这、木在说话现场)Where is your father ? He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to):去过(人在这里，谈过去至1j过哪里)My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in :在什么地方呆(还在这地方呆)My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.五.过去时与现在

4、完成时区别过去时只表示在过去发生了某事或过去存在一种状态，跟现在没 任何关系。完成时也表示过去发生但跟现在有关系。I lost the key. 我丢了钥匙，现在尔知有没我到。I have lost the key.我丢了钥匙，现在还没找到。注意：1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday, last week, three years ago等；2) 不能与 when连用2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用六.过去分词1、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动 词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。wo

5、rk-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。live-lived-lived ,(3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y"变为"i" 再加“ edstudy-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅 音字母，再加“ ed ”。stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped2、不规则动词：原型过去式过去分词AAAffl burst burst

6、burst hurt hurt hurt let let let cast cast cast cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit put put put set set set shut shut shut spread spread spread read read read read原形发音为 /ri:d/, 过去式和过去 分词发音为/red/AAB© beat beat beatenABAffl become became become run ran run come came come特殊情况ABB© bring bro

7、ught brought buy bought bought build built built burn burnt burnt catch caught caught dig dug dug feel felt felt fight fought fought find found found hear heard heard hold held held keep kept kept lay laid laid lead led led lose lost lost make made made meet met met sell sold sold shoot shot shot si

8、t sat sat stand stood stood sweep swept swept teach taught taught tell told told think thought thought win won wonABCffi begin began begun blow blew blown break broke broken choose chose chosen draw drew drawn drive drove driven drink drank drunk fly flew flown forgive forgave forgiven forget forgot

9、 forgotten freeze froze frozen give gave given grow grew grown know knew known ride rode ridden rise rose risen ring rang rung shake shook shaken sing sang sung sink sank sunk swim swam swum throw threw thrown write wrote written七.瞬间动词(buy, die, join, come, go ,leave, join 不能直接与for ， since ， how lon

10、g 连用。要改变动词buyhad borrow keptcome/arrive/reach/get tobeen ingo outbeen out leave been awaybeginbeen onfinishbeen overopenbeen open close been closeddiebeen dead 1.have 代替 buyMy brother has had( 不能用 has bought) this bike for almost four years. 2、用keep 或 have 代替 borrowI have kept( 不能用 have borrowed) th

11、e book for quite a few days. 3、 用 be 替代 becomeHow long has your sister been ( become) a teacher? 4、 用 have a cold 代替 catch a coldTom has had a cold since the day before yesterday. 5、 用 wear 代替 put on现在完成时练习( 一 )A) 选用 have, has 填空 :1.1 told him the news.1.5 he come back from school.3. You won the gam

12、e.B)按要求改写下列各句:4. They have bought a computer.( 改成否定句)5. He has lost his book.( 先改成一般疑问句, 再作肯定与否定回答)C)单项选择6. -Where have you , Kate?-I've ) to the bank.A. gone, gone B. been, been C. gone, been D. been, gone7. Her grandfather ) for two years.A. died B. has died C. has been dead D. has been died8.

13、 It's six weeks ) I met you last.A. when B. since C. before D. for9. Tom and Jack have arrived at West Hill Farm already.A. have got B. have gone to C. have been to D. have reached现在完成时练习(二)一、单项选择。1、My parents Shandong for ten years .A. have been inB . have been toC . have gone toD. have been2、H

14、is uncle for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to workC. has lived there D. has left the university3、Have you met Mr Li ?A. just B . ago C .before D. a moment ago4、- has Mr White been a member of Greener China since heto China?A. How soon, comes B. How often, gotC. How long, came D.

15、How far, arrived5、Our country a lot so farA. has changed B . changed C . has changed D. changed6、Zhao Lan already in this school for two years .A. was ; studying B . will ; studyC . has ; studiedD. are ; studying7、We Xiao Li since she was a little girl .A. know B . had known C . have known D. knew8、

16、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I it twice . A. will see B . have seen C . saw D .see9、These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When there ?A. will they go B . did they goC . do they go D . have they gone10、you your homework yet ?Yes . I it a moment ago .A. Did ; do ; finished B . Have ; done ; finishedC . Have ; done ; have finished D. will ; do ; finish11、His father the Party since 1978 .A. joined B . has joined C . was in D . has been in 12、Do you know him well